Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

ZD1694 (Tomudex), a quinazoline folate analogue, is a potent and selective thymidylate synthase inhibitor. A phase II trial was undertaken to determine the efficacy and toxicity of ZD1694 in patients with advanced, measurable gastric adenocarcinoma. ZD1694, 3.0 mg/m2, was administered as a 15 min intravenous infusion every three weeks. Tumor measurements were obtained for response assessment every six weeks. Clinical examinations, adverse event assessments, and clinical laboratory tests were performed every three weeks. Thirty-three patients were enrolled. There were no objective responses to ZD1694. In general, treatment was well-tolerated. Grade 3 and 4 toxicities were infrequent, and included mucositis, nausea and vomiting, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevations of liver enzymes. Mild to moderate asthenia was common. Toxicities with ZD1694 were reversible and manageable. In conclusion, ZD1694 has an acceptable toxicity profile but shows no antitumor activity in patients with advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:Phase II study of ZD1694 in patients with advanced gastric cancer. 893 86

In a phase II trial, the activity of EO9, a new bioreductive alkylating agent, was assessed. EO9 was used as second-line chemotherapy in breast cancer patients and as first-line chemotherapy for patients with gastric, pancreatic and colorectal cancer. EO9 was given as a 5 min i.v. infusion at a weekly dose of 12 mg/m2. 92 patients were entered; 22 with breast cancer, 26 with colon cancer, 24 with pancreatic cancer and 20 with gastric cancer. In general, the drug was well tolerated with nausea and vomiting occurring in 26.42 and 13.3% of courses, respectively. Reversible proteinuria was the main toxicity occurring in 45% of courses. Antitumour activity was not observed. At this dose and schedule, EO9 is not an active drug in the type of tumour studied.
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PMID:EO9 phase II study in advanced breast, gastric, pancreatic and colorectal carcinoma by the EORTC Early Clinical Studies Group. 894 63

Combination chemotherapy (CT) has, in some groups of patients with gastric cancer (GC), who are at a high risk for relapse, resulted in a small but measurable improvement in palliation and patient survival not reaching statistical significance and therefore remaining applicable in an investigational setting. Based on the above data, we studied adjuvant CT with FEM (5-fluorouracil (5-FU), epirubicin, mitomycin C) in a randomized study of patients with completely resected stage III GC and patients with stages T1-3 with a low histologic grade. CT was started 2-3 weeks after surgery. From August 1988 until February 1994, 84 patients with completely resected tumors and lymph nodes were randomized to either group A (FEM) or group B (no treatment). Patients were eligible for randomization if they had a Karnofsky score > 60, no postoperative evidence of residual tumor, and normal cardiac, hepatic and renal functions. Forty-two patients were randomized to each group, with no significant differences regarding: age distribution, group A 53 years (41-65), group B 57 years (35-66); sex, group A 32/10, group B 25/17 (men/women); site of primary tumor, group A 22/20, group B 25/17 (pylorus/antrum); histologic grade, group A 0/19/23, group B 0/25/17 (grades I/II/III); lymph node metastases, group A 30, group B 32, and surgical procedure, group A 33/9/6, group B 35/7/9 (total gastrectomy/partial gastrectomy/splenectomy). Group A received 5-FU 600 mg/m2/day i.v. on days 1, 8, 29 and 36, epirubicin 45 mg/m2/day i.v. on days 1 and 29, and mitomycin C 10 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1. The schedule was repeated every 56 days for 3 cycles. Group B received no treatment odd was only subjected to the regular follow-up. At the last follow-up at 66 months, 27/42 patients in group A (64%) had relapsed or died, compared to 34/42 patients in group B (81%). The differences in the relapse and the disease-free and the overall survival rates were not statistically significant. Only the subgroup of patients with histologic grade III tumors receiving adjuvant FEM demonstrated a trend towards improved survival (p = 0.085). Main therapy-related toxicities for the treatment group were grade I-II anemia, neutropenia, and throbocytopenia in 16, 45, and 22% of patients, respectively, and grade I-II nausea and vomiting in 29% of patients. Based on the present findings and those of previous studies, even if one considers the difference reaching statistical significance in the latter for histologic grade III tumors, it becomes evident that with current therapeutic modalities adjuvant therapy has no established role in the management of resectable GC. Studies of new-generation regimens, such as FAMTX (5-FU, Adriamycin and methotrexate) as well as ELF (etoposide, Leucoverin, and 5-FU), should be conducted in the adjuvant therapy setting with a nontherapy control group, in order to clarify the issue of adjuvant CT in resectable GC.
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PMID:A randomized trial comparing adjuvant fluorouracil, epirubicin, and mitomycin with no treatment in operable gastric cancer. 898 91

We developed a Hotwire for use in percutaneous transcatheter thermotherapy (PTCT) for local tumor control. The Hotwire has a temperature sensor and a heater, and is inserted into the hepatic artery through a Y-connector and an angiocatheter. It can then warm fluid from the Y-connector to 45 degrees C under electorical control PTCT was performed on liver tumors using 4 mg of MMC and 10 mg Epirubicin. The antitumor effects and indications for PTCT were investigated in patients with unresectable liver tumors, including 3 patients who had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with intraportal invasion and collateral vessels, one patient with liver metastasis of rectal cancer, and two gastric cancer patients. In all patients, tumor marker levels decreased (PIVKA-II; 8.5-->0.9, 2.9-->0.9, AFP; 1154-->753, CEA; 300-->226, TPA; 6319-->4227, 3312-->943), and CRP levels were markedly elevated with tumor fever. The only adverse reaction to PTCT was nausea and vomiting in one female patient. We repeated PTCT 6 times for giant HCC, and performance status was improved (2-->0). In conclusion, PTCT using the Hotwire is useful for treating hypervascular tumors limited to the liver, especially HCC with intraportal invasion and collateral vessels.
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PMID:[Percutaneous transcatheter thermotherapy (PTCT): use of hotwire for local tumor control]. 938 95

The patient was a 72-year-old female who had Stage IVb advanced gastric cancer with Virchow's and paraaortic lymph node metastases. She was considered nonresectable and placed on neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of low-dose CDDP and 5-FU. After 1 course of administration, Virchow's metastasis disappeared, and the tumor was remarkably reduced in size. However, this chemotherapy was interrupted by toxicity of grade 3 appetite loss, nausea and vomiting, so that total gastrectomy and splenectomy were performed, which were non-curative operation because of paraaortic lymph node metastases. Histopathological examination of the section of the primary tumor revealed that cancer cells had almost disappeared, and only a few atypical cells remained in the granulation tissue. Eleven months after the surgery, there has been no progression of Virchow's and paraaortic lymph node metastases. Combination chemotherapy of low-dose CDDP and 5-FU appears useful as an inductive approach to advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:[A case of advanced gastric cancer with virchow's metastasis responding remarkably to combination chemotherapy of low-dose CDDP and 5-FU]. 953 Mar 67

For patients with unresectable gastric cancer registered between July 1994 and September 1995, the following dosage regimen was examined: a drip infusion of cisplatin (CDDP) at 7 mg/m2/day for 5 consecutive days and 2-day withdrawal a week for 3 weeks with concomitant sustained drip infusion of 5-FU at 300 mg/m2/day for 21 days. The whole cycle was repeated again after 2-week withdrawal. The antitumor effect was seen in 39.4% among 33 cases. With respect to histological classification, there was no difference in appearance of the effect between the moderately differentiated type at 62.5% and the low-differentiated type at 42.9%. The cases which became resectable after the administration included those in which the tumor disappeared completely in the resected specimens. As adverse reactions encountered in the cases above Grade 3, anorexia, nausea and vomiting and diarrhea were seen as clinical symptoms in 10, 5.3 and 11.8%, respectively. As laboratory test values, decrease in hemoglobin, leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia were seen in 16.7, 15.8 and 5%, respectively, while renal or liver dysfunction did not occur. This dosage regimen was considered useful for unresectable advanced gastric cancer, although myelosuppression should be watched carefully.
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PMID:[A cooperative study on concomitant with low-dose divided administration of cisplatin (CDDP) and sustained drip infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for unresectable advanced gastric cancer. Osaka Cisplatin Gastric Cancer Study Group]. 964 17

Combination chemotherapy with multiple drugs (FLMP therapy), in which the drugs were determined based on biochemical modulation and the dosing schedule was established in accordance with the circadian rhythms of the human body, was performed in cases of advanced recurrent gastric cancer. The drugs were administered according to the following schedule: 500 mg of 5-FU (continuous) on days 1-5 (the dose was increased during the night), 20 mg of LV on days 1-5 (at 6 PM), 2 mg of MMC on day 5 (at 9 AM) and 60-80 mg of CDDP on day 5 (at 6 PM). A five-day course was administered by intravenous drip or hepatic arterial infusion at intervals of 4 weeks. Of 14 patients treated, the effect was estimated to be CR in 3, PR in 6, NC in 3, and PD in 2. The effectiveness rate was 62.3% overall, and the rate by administration route was 6/10 (60.0%) for i.v. and 3/4 (75.0%) for i.a. The side effects were slight. Those of grade 3 or more included anorexia in 5%, nausea and vomiting in 1%, stomatitis in 1% and leukopenia in 1%. This therapy, administered in accordance with the theory of chronotherapy, caused few side effects, and thus is considered a promising treatment for gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Effect of combination chemotherapy with multiple drugs (FLMP therapy) based on the circadian rhythms of the human body in advanced recurrent gastric cancer]. 1058 69

We investigated the antiemetic effect, safety and usefulness of granisetron hydrochloride tablets on nausea and vomiting induced by oral anticancer drugs used in chemotherapy for gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. In the present trial, oral administration of granisetron hydrochloride was performed during 5 days after nausea or vomiting. 1) Clinically, the effective rate of granisetron hydrochloride (the percentage of cases in which the drug was assessed as "Remarkably effective" or "Effective") was more than 75% on each day of administration. There were no adverse events or abnormal laboratory tests. 2) In terms of usefulness, granisetron hydrochloride was rated "Extremely useful" or "Useful" in 17 out of 23 cases (78.2%). The above results have shown that granisetron hydrochloride tablets, administrated orally once daily at a dose of 2 mg, have an excellent antiemetic effect, and that this is a safe and useful drug.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of granisetron hydrochloride for nausea and vomiting induced by oral anticancer drugs]. 1092 88

A 71-year-old man developed pyloric stenosis caused by gastric cancer. Vomiting and nausea resolved after the insertion of an uncovered Ultraflex stent (length 10 cm, inner diameter 18-23 mm) through a 7-cm-long stenosis, and the patient was able to eat a soft diet. After 6 weeks, stent occlusion occurred due to tumor ingrowth and accumulation of food residue. Endoscopic observation showed a very narrow residual lumen. A covered Ultraflex stent (length 10 cm, inner diameter 18-23 mm) was inserted through the first stent and expanded to its maximum diameter over the next 2 days. The patient's vomiting and nausea improved rapidly. He died 6 months after the second stenting procedure, from metastatic tumor spread, having remained free of nausea and vomiting. In this case, a covered metallic stent prevented tumor ingrowth and maintained gastrointestinal patency.
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PMID:Palliation of pyloric stenosis caused by gastric cancer using an endoscopically placed covered ultraflex stent: covered stent inside an occluded uncovered stent. 1096 May 50

We report a case of a 53-year-old male with Vibrio cholerae non-O1 (serotype O19) infection, resulting in perforative pan-peritonitis. The patient had a history of gastric cancer and a gastrectomy was performed one year prior. The patient had previously been admitted with nausea and vomiting and was diagnosed with a sub-ileus condition. He was provisionally discharged when his condition improved and during that period he ate raw fish caught locally in Nagasaki Prefecture, and several hours later he experienced a sudden onset of severe abdominal pain and nausea and on diagnosis of pan-peritonitis an emergency resection of the transverse colon was performed. We subsequently isolated Vibrio cholerae non-O1 from the patient's peritoneal fluid and stool. He died of multiple organ failure three weeks later despite intensive chemotherapeutic care and treatment for shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The strain of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 isolated was non-toxigenic but hemolytic with hyper-producing of metalloprotease.
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PMID:[The characterization of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 strain causing perforative pan-peritonitis]. 1155 33


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