Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 36-year-old housewife in the U.S.A. was diagnosed as having gastric cancer with meningeal carcinomatosis and admitted to our hospital in September, 1982. She had severe headache, nausea, vomiting, diplopia and neck stiffness. She was treated by intrathecal chemotherapy using methotrexate, cytosine arabinoside and prednisolone, and by systemic chemotherapy using adriamycin and ftorafur, resulting in complete disappearance of cancer cells from the cerebrospinal fluid and partial response for the primary tumor. She lived for more than 1 year following the first symptoms of her disease and for 10 months following the initiation of chemotherapy. This case suggested the usefulness of employing an intrathecal chemotherapy using methotrexate and cytosine arabinoside with simultaneous systemic chemotherapy for meningeal carcinomatosis of gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Case report of meningeal carcinomatosis of gastric cancer successfully treated with intrathecal and systemic chemotherapy]. 391 54

Twenty-eight patients with inoperable or recurrent gastric cancer were entered for a phase II study of SF-SP. Of these, 24 were evaluable for response. The SF-SP was given orally at a dose of 800 to 1,200 mg/body b.i.d. daily. Six at the evaluable 24 patients showed PR, 16 NC and 2 PD. Three of the 6 PR patients were administered 1000 mg/body/day of SF-SP and the other 3, 1200 mg/body/day. The hematological toxicities were anemia (5 cases), leukopenia (3 cases) and thrombocytopenia (3 cases). The other side effects were gastrointestinal complaints, such as anorexia (5 cases), nausea (5 cases) and stomatitis (5 cases), and a further toxic effect of pigmentation (4 cases). These side effects tended to develop dose-dependently and disappeared after the SF-SP was discontinued. It was concluded that SF-SP was beneficial for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer, and that its optimal dose was 1000 mg/body/day.
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PMID:[Phase II study of sustained released granules of tegafur (SF-SP) on inoperable or recurrent gastric cancer]. 392 8

A phase II study on THP((2''R)-4'-0-Tetrahydropyranyladriamycin) was performed in 47 patients with advanced or recurrent gastrointestinal cancer through the cooperation of nine institutions in Hiroshima Prefecture from April 1982 to November 1984. THP was given by means of intravenous infusion and/or intraaortic infusion and the 47 cases were divided into two groups according to the method of administration: (A) 40-60 mg/body every 3 or 4 weeks, or (B) 30 mg/body every week. Among 24 evaluable cases, partial response (PR) was observed in two cases of recurrent metastatic lymph nodes in gastric cancer patients. The (A) method of administration was more effective than (B). Subjective side effects observed were appetite loss, nausea, vomiting and general fatigue, but these were not so severe. Leukocyte nadir occurred at the 1st or 2nd week of THP administration, but thrombocytes were not appreciably decreased.
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PMID:[Phase II study of THP patients with gastrointestinal cancer]. 394 11

KW-2083 [7-n-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-mitomycin C] is a new mitomycin C (MMC) derivative. Its myelotoxicity was compared with that of MMC by using colony-forming unit-spleen (CFU-S) from the femurs of C57BL/6 mice. As a result, it was estimated that the intensity of myelotoxicity of MMC was four times greater than that of KW-2083. Based on this data, a clinical trial of KW-2083 was conducted in 24 cases with various types of advanced solid tumors. KW-2083 was administered by i.v. injection at a dose of 40 mg/body every week. Out of 15 evaluable cases, a case of ovarian cancer showed a partial response. One case of each of ovarian cancer and gastric cancer showed minor response. However, as with mitomycin C, the dose-limiting toxicity of KW-2083 was leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Other toxicities encountered were nausea, vomiting, anorexia, phlebitis and hepatic dysfunction. There were no cases with renal toxicity. Plasma concentration of KW-2083 was bioassayed in 3 cases who received 40 mg/body as an i.v. bolus injection. Plasma concentration-time curves fitted to a one-compartment model and half-life values averaged 27.6 min. The effective and low toxic dose schedules of KW-2083 should be investigated further.
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PMID:[A clinical trial of a new mitomycin C derivative, KW-2083 (7-N-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-mitomycin C)]. 403 9

A phase II study on MCNU (Methyl 6-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) was performed in 33 patients with advanced or recurrent gastrointestinal cancer under the cooperation of eight institutions in Hiroshima Prefecture. MCNU was given by means of intravenous drip infusion and the 33 cases were divided into three groups according to the method of administration; (A) 50mg/m2 every 1 or 2 weeks, (B) 70mg/m2 every 2 weeks or (C) 90mg/m2 every 6-8 weeks. Among 28 evaluable cases, 1 complete response (CR) and 1 partial response (PR) were observed and these two cases were gastric cancer patients. Platelet nadir occurred at the 3rd or fifth week after MCNU administration, but the leukocyte count was not so decreased. Subjective side effects were nausea, general fatigue and vomiting, but these were observed to be only mild.
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PMID:[Phase II study on MCNU in patients with advanced or recurrent gastrointestinal cancer]. 403 10

Cisplatin (100 mg) was given by intraperitoneal infusion to 23 patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Eighteen patients had gastric cancer, and five had colorectal cancer. The effects of this therapy were as follows. 1) In gastric cancer patients, the mean survival period was 11.0 months. The cumulative survival rate was superior at the level of statistical significance in comparison with controls. 2) The side effects of this agent given intraperitoneally were mild. In particular, nausea was slightly less than with intravesicular or intraarterial infusion.
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PMID:[Intraperitoneal cisplatin in peritoneal carcinomatosis patients]. 404 May 82

Eighteen patients with unresectable carcinoma of the stomach whose known malignant disease was confined to structures immediately adjacent to the primary tumor and could be encompassed within a radiotherapy field were treated with an intensive sequential combined modality regimen. The regimen consisted of 5-FU plus adriamycin chemotherapy, followed by high dose megavoltage radiation therapy with 5-FU given as a radiation sensitizer, followed by maintenance chemotherapy with 5-FU plus adriamycin plus methyl CCNU (FAMe). Our primary objective was to determine patient tolerability. Severe and prolonged anorexia, nausea, and decreased performance status occurred during and after high dose radiotherapy given twice daily in 150-170 cGy (rad) fractions when given with 5-FU. Lengthening intervals between treatment segments, and the use of one daily dose of radiation therapy combined with 5-FU or two fractions daily without 5-FU seemed to decrease nutritional complications. Control of tumor at the primary site appeared to be achieved in most patients. Distant metastases represented the predominant mode of treatment failure with only two patients currently without progression of malignant disease. Our treatment regimen as initially conceived was too toxic for general use. Improved therapeutic results in locally unresectable gastric cancer will require the development of more effective therapy for occult distant metastases.
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PMID:A pilot study to determine clinical tolerability of intensive combined modality therapy for locally unresectable gastric cancer. 404 45

In the inoperable Borrmann type 4 Gastric cancer, which is to be used as a synonym of gastric scirrhus clinically, it is regrettable but effect is hardly expected from radiotherapy or immunotherapy, and the treatment relies entirely on chemotherapy. We have reported the results of our questionnaires collected from 108 hospitals (internal medicine-40 and surgical-68) all over Japan to investigate the prevailing circumstances of inoperable Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer. Therapies performed by singular medication were: 1). oral and intravenous 5-FU-33.3%, 2). oral, intravenous and suppository tegafur-27.4% and intravenous MMC-27.4%, of the total 84 methods reported in the field of internal medicine; and 1). administration of 5-FU-29.1%, 2). intravenous MMC-26.8% and 3). tegafur-22%, of the total 127 therapies reported in the surgical field. The therapies performed by combined medications were: 1). 5-FU+MMC-22.6%, 2). MFC-12.1%, 3). tegafur+MMC, and FAM-8.3% (further 29 examples of combination medications consisting of 2-4 preparations), of the total 124 therapies reported in the field of internal medicine; and 1). 5-FU+MMC-22.6%, 2). MFC-12.1% and tegafur+MMC-7.3% (further 37 examples consisting of 2-4 preparations), of the total 124 therapies reported in the surgical field. The total cases judged as 'effective' in all the hospitals were 71. The breakdown is as follows: 1). 'effective for the primary focus'-47 cases/66.7%, expansion of affected site proved by gastric radiogram and endoscopic image-33 cases/46.5%, expansion of affected site proved only by endoscopy-4 cases/5.6%; shrinkage of malignant ulcer and flattening of randwall, disappearance of extra-gastric compression by endoscopic image-2 cases. 2). ineffective for the primary focus'-24 cases/33.8%, of which disappearance of or decrease in ascites-11 cases/15.5%; improvement of anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal fullness, strange epigastric sensation, abnormal evacuation, disappearance of diarrhea etc. and increase in body weight-13 cases. In 50% survival period, the cases in which chemotherapy was judged as entirely ineffective were 283 and the period was 2.9 months. The 50i% survival period for the above-mentioned total effective cases was 8.5 months, of which the 50%r survival period for the effective cases by radiographic and endoscopic findings in the primary focus was 10.65 months showing the prolongation effect of life span. One year survival rate was also 36%. Draft of the Critria of Cancer Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer proposed by Japanese Research Society for Gastric Cancer, which including the evaluation of Borrmann type 4 cancer, was introduced.
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PMID:[Chemotherapy of unresectable Borrmann's type IV stomach cancer]. 641 75

A phase I study of 4'deoxydoxorubicin (esorubicin) was performed on an every-21-day bolus intravenous (IV) schedule in 36 patients with advanced cancer. Thirty-four patients were evaluable for toxicity analysis. Toxicity included mild nausea, occasional local skin reactions, and mild to moderate alopecia. Myelo-suppression was dose limiting. Clinically evident congestive heart failure was not observed. However, two patients developed premature ventricular contractions. Overall, esorubicin was better tolerated than doxorubicin at equally potent doses. Although response analysis was not the primary objective of this phase I study, minor responses were observed in melanoma, breast cancer, lymphoma, and gastric cancer. On the basis of this study, a starting dose of 30 mg/m2 IV every 21 days is recommended for good-risk patients with escalation to 32.5 mg/m2 depending on bone marrow tolerance. For patients with poor bone marrow reserve, a starting dose of 25 mg/m2 every 21 days is recommended. Phase II trials with esorubicin in this dosage schedule are clearly warranted in a wide variety of metastatic neoplasms including a substantial population of patients who have not received prior chemotherapy.
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PMID:Phase I trial of esorubicin (4'deoxydoxorubicin). 647 Jul 53

The study group consisted of 35 patients with early gastric cancer, 16 of whom were admitted for preoperative immunotherapy. Ten to 40 K.E. of OK-432 was injected intralesionally by endoscope, and then gastrectomy was performed. After the intralesional injection, fever, nausea, vomiting and epigastralgia occurred. In cancer lesion and regional lymph node, histological findings from OK-432 treated group were compared to those of the control group. Lymphoid cell infiltration at cancer lesion was marked in OK-432 treated group, and degenerated cancer cells were found in 3 cases. On the other hand, lymphoid follicles showed a marked statistical increase in OK-432 treated group. Also the cases with marked lymphoid follicle showed increased numbers of peripheral blood lymphocyte. From the results, intralesional injection of OK-432 may confirm the tumor-associated antigenicity and serves as a useful method to potentiate the specific and/or non-specific immunity in regional lymph nodes.
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PMID:[Endoscopic preoperative intralesional injection of OK-432 in early gastric cancer]. 672 7


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