Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To test if the incorporation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin in a modified etoposide, doxorubicin, cisplatin (EAP) regimen could diminish its toxicity and improve its efficacy, 18 patients with far-advanced, unresectable gastric cancer, diagnosed at National Taiwan University Hospital between January 1991 and December 1992, were treated with a FAPEL combination chemotherapy. The regimen consisted of doxorubicin 25 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1, cisplatin 60 mg/m2 i.v. infusion on day 1, etoposide 60 mg/m2/day i.v. infusion on days 1-3, 5-fluorouracil 500 mg/m2/day i.v. on days 1-3, and leucovorin 50 mg/day i.v. on days 1-3; repeated every three to four weeks. The patients included nine metastatic, six locally advanced and inoperable, and three post-gastrectomy recurrent cancer patients with median Karnofsky performance status of 60%. There were 11 men and seven women with a median age of 52.5 years. The patients tolerated the treatment toxicity relatively well and received an average of 4.3 courses of chemotherapy. Most patients completed the protocol therapy except one who refused and another who died of leucopenic sepsis. Myelosuppression was the limiting toxicity, with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) grade 3-4 leucopenia developing in 35.9% and grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia developing in 11.5% of a total of 78 courses given. The overall objective response rate was 44.4% with 5.5% complete responses and 38.9% partial responses. The overall median survival was seven months (0.5-21 months). The median survival of responders and non-responders was 13 months (5-21 months) and three months (0.5-7 months), respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Five-drug combination chemotherapy (FAPEL) for advanced gastric cancer: a pilot study. 791 75

This report describes the effect of intraperitoneal administration of CDDP for the treatment of peritoneal dissemination (P) in 20 patients with gastric cancer. Eight patients after palliative resection, 4 after non-resection and 8 with recurrent cancer were given 25 mg of CDDP through a reservoir (Infuse-A-Port) implanted in the abdominal wall once a week. Simultaneously, 400 mg/body/day of UFT and 2 mg/body/week of Lentinan were administered. Twelve of the patients died of disease at 6-19 months (median 7 months), but 8 have survived 3 to 15 months (median 6 months). Complete and partial responses were obtained in 7 of the 8 patients with recurrence (88%) for malignant ascites. No patient showed any toxicity from treatment. All patients receive the treatment in the outpatient clinic after discharge, and 17 patients have shown a long hospital-free survival.
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PMID:[Treatment for peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer by intraperitoneal administration of CDDP through Infuse-a-Port]. 794 70

The expression of sialosyl-Tn (STn) antigen was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in primary gastric cancers. Twenty-one of 31 (68%) gastric cancers expressed STn, regardless of tumour location, stage or histological type. Eighty-one per cent of patients with STn-positive tumours died of their disease or had recurrent cancer, compared with 20% of patients with STn-negative tumours (P < 0.002). STn may be a useful prognostic marker in patients with gastric cancer.
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PMID:Mucin-associated sialosyl-Tn antigen expression in gastric cancer correlates with an adverse outcome. 812 99

The postoperative course of 159 patients with early gastric cancer operated on between 1974 and 1987 was followed for a median of 7.3 years. The cumulative 10-year survival rate(s.e.) calculated using follow-up data to the end of 1989 was 90.6(2.7) per cent excluding operative death and that from causes other than gastric cancer, or 86.3(3.0) per cent when operative mortality was included. The overall 10-year survival rate(s.e.) was 77.3(3.7) per cent. Univariate analysis showed a significant difference in survival rates between cancers confined to the mucosa and those with submucosal invasion (P = 0.02), between patients with and without lymph node metastases (P = 0.05) and between those < or = 50 and > 50 years of age (P = 0.02). Using Cox multivariate analysis and a stepwise procedure for eight variables (sex, age, depth of invasion, lymph node metastases, presence of ulceration, location, histological type, type of surgery), age and histological type had the most significant effect on survival. Seven operative deaths were recorded. Eleven patients died from recurrent cancer and one is still alive with a gastric remnant recurrence. Other causes of death were metachronous primary cancer (six patients), cardiovascular disease (two), pneumonia (three), sepsis (one) and car accident (one). Although the prognosis of early gastric cancer is relatively good in western countries, patients should be carefully followed over a long period for late recurrence and for metachronous cancer, which has a high incidence.
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PMID:Early gastric cancer: follow-up after gastrectomy in 159 patients. 847 41

The authors collected 14 cases of early gastric cancer located in the mucosa and precancerous lesions which were resected with endoscopic mucosectomy. These lesions were as follows: 6 cases were early cancer (IIc type: 4 cases; IIa type: 2 cases); 3 cases were severe dysplasia; 5 cases were adenoma, Yamada I type. The size of all the lesions was less than 20mm. Four cases of early gastric cancer were resected completely. Two cases were resected incompletely, but radical gastrectomy was performed one month after endoscopic mucosectomy. All the three cases of severe dysplasia had complete resection. But two of them received resection twice. Five cases of adenoma were also resected completely. The criteria of complete endoscopic resection were those reported in the Japanese literature. All cases have been followed up for 4-41 months; endoscopic and histological studies showed that there were no residual and recurrent cancer cells. The complete resection rate was 85.7% (12/14). The results suggest that endoscopic mucosectomy can be applied to the patients with early gastric cancer located in the mucosa and precancerous lesions less than 20mm in size, which can be resected completely. This method is safe, entails less complications and is especially suitable for the old and weak patients.
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PMID:[Endoscopic mucosectomy for resection of early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions]. 855 22

We have performed combined chemotherapy with 5-FU, a biochemical modulator, and low dose CDDP for advanced or recurrent cancer of the digestive system. The therapy was effective in 37% of all cases and in 45.5% and 41.6% of esophageal and gastric cancer cases, respectively. In addition, few patients developed adverse side effects including renal disorders, one of the major side effects of CDDP. Therefore, we considered home anti-cancer chemotherapy feasible. For 27 outpatients with advanced cancer of the digestive system including 15 cases of esophageal cancer, 4 cases of gastric cancer, 3 cases of colon cancer, 4 cases of pancreatic cancer and 1 case of gall bladder cancer, 4 to 6 week home adjuvant chemotherapy was performed. The regimen comprised 1 week of oral administration of 300 mg/body/day of UFT-E granules and 5 days of continuous intravenous infusion of 25 mg/body/day of CDDP using an infusor pump. During the follow-up, 3 cases of catheter obstruction, 3 cases of catheter sepsis and 1 case of pneumothorax appeared. These complications all resulted from the catheter, and safe home anti-cancer chemotherapy could be continued because 5-FU and CDDP did not cause severe side effects.
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PMID:[Combined chemotherapy with 5-FU and low dose CDDP for advanced or recurrent cancer of the digestive system and home anti-cancer chemotherapy]. 884 89

We tried home anti-cancer chemotherapy for patients with advanced or recurrent cancer of the digestive system, using two disposable balloon pumps connected to an implantable drug delivery system via central venous line. There were 33 patients under 75 years old, including 20 cases of gastric cancer, 9 cases of colorectal cancer, 2 cases of cholangiocarcinoma and 2 cases of esophageal cancer enrolled in this study. The protocol was combined chemotherapy with continuous intravenous infusion of 5-FU (300 mg/body/day) and low-dose intravenous injection of cisplatin (5 mg/body/day) in 10-day courses for two weeks, and it was repeated 3 times for 6 weeks. Because of side effects such as nausea, vomiting and bone marrow suppression, treatment was discontinued in 12 cases with peritoneal cancer infiltration. In two of 10 with estimable disease, the reduction of the metastatic lymph node was observed, but no effect was shown in the colorectal metastatic liver tumor. Thanks to the portability of the pump with this method, the patient need not undergo hospitalization. Moreover, there is no renal dysfunction or other major side effects, quality of life is not compromised and a return to family and social life is possible. Thus, if the patient cannot take the oral nutrition, it is easy to start home hyper-alimentation.
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PMID:[Trial of home anti-cancer chemotherapy with infusion of 5-FU and low-dose cisplatin]. 898 9

Adenosine deaminase activity was studied in tissue slices taken endoscopically from gastric mucosa of patients with the intestinal type of gastric carcinoma. The enzyme activity was measured in mucosal homogenates by determination of ammonia liberated from substrate during 10-min incubation. It was found that: (1) the enzyme activity of de novo gastric cancer was significantly lower than that of recurrent cancer of the gastric remnant; and (2) the enzyme activity of uninvaded gastric mucosa surrounding the neoplastic lesion of non-operated stomach was significantly lower than of the gastric mucosa of partially resected stomach due to malignancy. Since the enzyme activity in gastric cancer and surrounding uninvaded gastric mucosa correlated well with the advance of neoplastic disease estimated by ultrasonography examination, we speculate that some systemic factors associated with tumor progression might be implicated in the regulation of adenosine deaminase activity.
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PMID:Adenosine deaminase activity in patients with the intestinal type of gastric carcinoma. 902 Sep 21

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has gained popularity in the past 10 years because of advances in laser and pharmacokinetic technologies and the development of new photosensitizers. Early studies on PDT with focal illumination for papillary bladder cancer obtained reasonable response rates for small tumors but recurrence was common. Whole bladder irradiation, once a suitable light-delivery system had been developed, gave promising outcomes with acceptable rates of complications. PDT for prostate cancer is still at the experimental stage but initial results have been promising. Clinical trials of PDT for brain tumors have shown no significant complications but no improvement in survival rate compared with other treatment modalities. PDT is particularly useful for early superficial lung cancers that are localized to one or a few discrete sites; it is also safe to use in patients who are too sick to be treated with conventional therapies. Preoperative PDT has reduced the extent of surgery necessary in some patients. Clinical experience with PDT for gynecological cancer is limited and prospective studies are needed. In head and neck oncology, PDT should prove a useful option, but methodological problems need to be overcome. Good responses of esophageal cancer to PDT have led to governmental approval of Photofrin, a photosensitizer, in several countries for either palliative use or treatment of inoperable or recurrent cancer. The use of PDT for early gastric cancer has great potential but several technical problems remain. PDT has proven generally effective for skin cancer when hematoporphyrin derivative or Photofrin is used but more long-term follow-up data are required for PDT with 5-aminolevulinic acid. Overall, PDT is changing from a scientific curiousity into an accepted modality for the treatment of cancer, with an improved likelihood of finding further clinical applications.
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PMID:Photodynamic therapy: applications in bladder cancer and other malignancies. 940 16

In our G.I. department, patients with inoperable or recurrent cancer of the digestive organs are treated by chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Since the efficacy of these modalities has been poor in our hospital as in others, we have attempted to maintain good quality of life (QOL) in these patients by offering hospice care in the hospital or at home. Home care is provided to those who choose not to have chemotherapy or do not respond well to it. These patients live within 20 km of the hospital and are cared for at home by a visiting nurse or through visits to our outpatient clinic. However, in the latter patients who do not have access to good public transportation, clinic visits are a hardship to both patients and their families even though they do well with home hospice care. Home hospice care is also difficult for those who do not have adequate family support available. We report here three patients with terminal gastric cancer who appeared to experience good QOL through home hospice care.
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PMID:[Three patients with terminal gastric cancer who achieved good QOL through home hospice care]. 988 61


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