Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the present study, we examined the proportions of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinomas (EBV-GCs) in Guangzhou, southern China and Shenyang, northern China, two areas differing markedly in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) incidence. Using in situ hybridization assay, the presence of EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) was examined in 198, and 180 gastric cancer cases in Guangzhou and Shenyang, respectively. The proportion of EBV-GC in Guangzhou (9%) was significantly higher than that in Shenyang (6%), and the odds ratio (OR) for Guangzhou, after adjusting for the effects of age, sex, and tumor subsite, was 2.7 (95% CI = 1.1-6.2) when Shenyang was taken as reference. There was a male predominance of EBV-GC, and the OR for male was 3.0 (95% CI = 1.2-7.3) when female was taken as reference. We observed a weak and negative age dependence in the proportion of EBV-GC (p-values for trend = 0.077). The EBV-GC was most commonly observed in the middle part of stomach in both series. The frequency of EBV-GCs was higher in cases with p53 overexpression than in cases without p53 expression (OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.0-5.8). Among p53-positive cases, the frequency of EBV-GC decreased as the proportion of p53-positive carcinoma cells increased (p for trend = 0.021). In conclusion, the present study suggested that the frequency of EBV-GC in Guangzhou, southern China, where NPC is the most common in the world, may be higher than that in other parts of China.
 ...
PMID:The Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in Southern and Northern China. 1237 37

Little information is available concerning the relationship between transforming viruses and microsatellite instability (MSI). We evaluated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) using in situ hybridization for EBV-encoded small RNAs and MSI using the polymerase chain reaction in surgically resected gastric cancer. The study subjects included 298 consecutive cases of solitary gastric carcinoma, 63 gastric carcinomas in young patients (</=30 years old), 64 cases of gastric cancer coexisting with gastric adenoma in a single lesion, 26 cases of gastric remnant cancer, and 98 carcinomas from 47 patients with synchronous multiple gastric carcinomas. There was no overlapping case among these subsets of gastric cancer. None of these 549 gastric carcinomas demonstrated both EBV positivity and MSI positivity. Furthermore, the EBV-positive and the MSI-positive cases showed a mutually negative association in all subsets of gastric cancer. 5.7% of consecutive solitary gastric carcinomas were EBV positive, and 9.7% were MSI positive. EBV was positive in 1.6% of gastric cancers coexisting with gastric adenoma, 12.7% of younger patients, 28.6% of gastric remnant cancer with previous gastrectomy for benign disease, and 14.5% of synchronous cancers without adenoma. MSI was found in 1.6% of younger patients, 18.8% of gastric cancers coexisting with gastric adenoma, 25% of gastric remnant cancer with previous gastrectomy for gastric cancer, and in 53.3% of synchronous gastric carcinomas having gastric adenoma remote from the cancer. In conclusion, the carcinogenic roles of EBV and MSI may be different in terms of each subset of gastric cancer. EBV and MSI may contribute to functionally equivalent pathways in gastric carcinogenesis.
 ...
PMID:Epstein-Barr virus and microsatellite instability in gastric carcinogenesis. 1263 35

To address methodological issues in exploring a variant of the "hygiene hypothesis" that posits delayed infection by Epstein-Barr virus contributes to rising rates of breast cancer and Hodgkin's disease, we examined birth cohort trends in the incidence of both cancers plus stomach cancer, building on previously reported year-of-diagnosis cross-sectional associations of age-standardized rates. Using published data from the United States Connecticut state cancer registry (1935-1998) for women for each cancer site, we obtained age-specific incidence rates by birth cohort (1870-1874 to 1970-1974), along with age-standardized incidence rates for selected calendar years (1935-1939, 1940-1944,., 1990-1994, 1995-1998). Clear secular trends in incidence rates, in the opposite direction, were evident for: (a) breast cancer and for Hodgkin's disease in young adults (increasing), and (b) stomach cancer (decreasing). Correlations between the incidence of breast cancer among women ages 50-54 and Hodgkin's disease among young adults (ages 20-24) were stronger for birth cohort (Pearson correlation, 0.85) than for cross-sectional analyses (Pearson correlation, 0.68). Stronger associations between the incidence of breast cancer and non-Hodgkin's disease were evident for birth cohort compared with cross-sectional analyses, findings consonant with (but not "proof" of) the hygiene hypothesis. One methodological implication is that tests of the hygiene hypothesis must take into account birth cohort effects and age at incidence of the outcomes under study; age-standardized cross-sectional analyses may be misleading.
 ...
PMID:Breast cancer, birth cohorts, and Epstein-Barr virus: methodological issues in exploring the "hygiene hypothesis" in relation to breast cancer, Hodgkin's disease, and stomach cancer. 1275 Feb 34

To estimate the incidence of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma (EBV-GC) in Colombia and to clarify its clinicopathological features, we examined 178 consecutive gastric carcinoma cases, diagnosed during the period from 1996 to 1998, at Hospital Universitario del Valle in Cali, Colombia. The mean age of the cases was 60 years in males and 58 years in females. Using in situ hybridization assay of EBV-encoded small RNA-1 in paraffin-embedded tissue samples, we identified 23 cases of EBV-GC (13%). After excluding remnant carcinoma, which was found to be EBV-negative in this series, there were 19 (18%) male and 4 (6%) female EBV-GC cases, and the male predominance was statistically significant (P=0.004). The proportion of EBV-GCs decreased with age (P for trend = 0.022). Using sex- and age-specific proportions of EBV-GCs estimated by logistic models and gastric cancer incidence in Cali, which was obtained from tumor registry during the period 1987-1991, we estimated sex- and age-specific incidence of EBV-GCs. The incidence of EBV-GCs (per 100,000 person-years) was 4.1 and 1.4 among men and women, respectively, after age adjustment using the standard world population. Pathological features of EBV-GCs were also examined. EBV-GCs accounted for 33% (8/24) of carcinomas located in the stomach cardia, 14% (6/43) of carcinomas in the middle-part of the stomach, and 7% (6/81) of carcinomas in the antrum. The difference by tumor location was statistically significant (P=0.009). Histology-specific analysis using Lauren classification revealed that the proportion of EBV-GCs was not different in intestinal- and diffuse-type carcinomas (13% in both types). When the classification scheme of the Japanese Research Society for Gastric Cancer was used, EBV-GCs were identified more frequently in moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, and solid poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma when compared to other histological types. No lymphoepitelioma-like histology was found in the present series. The frequency of EBV-GC was slightly higher in advanced tumors, which involved serosa. Further analysis of clinico-pathological features of EBV-GC using a larger number of cases would give invaluable insights into its etiology.
 ...
PMID:Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in Cali, Colombia. 1279 70

Lymphocyte-rich gastric carcinomas may have a better prognosis than cancers without a pronounced host inflammatory response. Two subsets of gastric cancer-Epstein-Barr virus-positive and microsatellite instability high-have been associated with a lymphocyte-rich phenotype. We assessed relationships between tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, Epstein-Barr virus status, microsatellite instability status, and cancer-specific survival in 110 resected gastric cancers. Seven patients had Epstein-Barr virus-positive cancer, including 4 (3.7%) of 107 consecutive patients. Tumors from 17 patients (16%) were designated microsatellite instability high on the basis of negative immunohistochemical staining for MLH1; all tumors had intact expression of MSH2 and MSH6. Epstein-Barr virus-positive cancers had increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes compared with Epstein-Barr virus-negative cancers (median 450/10 HPF versus 21/10 HPF, P <.001). Microsatellite instability-high cancers also had increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes compared with non-microsatellite instability-high cancers (median 150/10 HPF versus 20/HPF, P <.001). Microsatellite instability-high cancers affected older patients and were more likely to be intestinal in the Lauren classification and expanding in the Ming classification. By univariate analysis, decreased risk of death from gastric cancer was significantly associated with low tumor stage, expanding growth pattern, increasing tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte count, and microsatellite instability-high status. High tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte count and microsatellite instability-high status retained statistical significance as favorable prognostic factors after adjustment for tumor stage in multivariate analysis. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte count retained statistical significance as a favorable prognostic factor after adjustment for microsatellite instability-high status; but microsatellite instability-high status did not remain a significant independent prognosticator after adjustment for tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte count. The association between microsatellite instability-high cancers and high tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte counts may account for the association of microsatellite instability-high gastric cancers with improved survival.
 ...
PMID:Lymphocyte-rich gastric cancer: associations with Epstein-Barr virus, microsatellite instability, histology, and survival. 1286 Oct 59

The relationship between the degree of lymphocytic infiltration into the tumor and the prognosis has not been completely evaluated between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive and -negative gastric carcinoma (GC). Although the average numbers and the grades of the infiltrating CD8+T cells, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, Ki67-positive cells were significantly greater in EBV-positive GCs than in -negative GCs, there was no significant survival improvement in EBV-positive group. These findings suggest that the infiltration of lymphocytes in the EBV-positive GC does not necessarily meant better prognosis and that the EBV status is not a significant prognostic factor in the patients with gastric cancer.
 ...
PMID:The comparison of the prognosis between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive gastric carcinomas and EBV-negative ones. 1455 Sep 50

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are 2 common and widely disseminated agents throughout the world. H. pylori has been classified, by the International Agency for Research on Cancer conference, as a class I carcinogen, i.e. undoubted cause of gastric cancer. However, this infection does not explain all the epidemiological and histological variations of the malignancies affecting the stomach. EBV has been identified, in the last decade, in the tumour cells of patients with gastric carcinoma and recent findings suggest the possibility of distinct mechanisms in its pathogenesis. A prevalent role of the virus has been described in a subset of stomach cancers, namely lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas. The present update attempts to focus on the epidemiological evidence and the biological plausibility for a causal role of H.pylori and EBV infection in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.
 ...
PMID:Infectious agents and gastric tumours. An increasing role for Epstein-Barr virus. 1461 16

In a process seeking out a good model cell line for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric cancer, we found that one previously established gastric adenocarcinoma cell line is infected with type 1 EBV. This SNU-719 cell line from a Korean patient expressed cytokeratin without CD19 or CD21 expression. In SNU-719, EBNA1 and LMP2A were expressed, while LMP1 and EBNA2 were not. None of the tested lytic EBV proteins were detected in this cell line unless stimulated with phorbol ester. EBV infection was also shown in the original carcinoma tissue of SNU-719 cell line. Our results support the possibility of a CD21-independent EBV infection of gastric epithelial cells in vivo. As the latent EBV gene expression pattern of SNU-719 closely resembles that of the EBV-associated gastric cancer, this naturally derived cell line may serve as a valuable model system to clarify the precise role of EBV in gastric carcinogenesis.
 ...
PMID:A naturally derived gastric cancer cell line shows latency I Epstein-Barr virus infection closely resembling EBV-associated gastric cancer. 1501 54

We examined 1,918 Japanese gastric cancer cases diagnosed during the period 1976-1995 to clarify histology-specific gender, age and tumor-location distributions of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma (EBV-GC). EBV-GCs accounted for 4.5% and 6.1% of 1,088 intestinal-type and 830 diffuse-type gastric carcinomas, respectively. Both intestinal- and diffuse-type EBV-GCs showed male predominance, but the observed gender difference was statistically significant only in diffuse-type carcinomas (P<0.001). An age-dependent decrease of the EBV-GC proportion was observed in intestinal-type carcinomas (P=0.002), but not in diffuse-type carcinomas. In intestinal-type tumors, the estimated incidence of EBV-GCs reached its peak around age 70. Diffuse-type EBV-GCs appeared to have a much older peak incidence, if any. Both intestinal- and diffuse-type EBV-GCs were least prevalent in the stomach antrum. This study, examining the largest number of EBV-GCs in current literature, showed different patterns of age-dependence in intestinal- and diffuse-type EBV-GCs, suggesting that pathogenic pathways of EBV-GCs may be different in these 2 histological types.
 ...
PMID:Histology-specific gender, age and tumor-location distributions of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in Japan. 1528 35

Gastric cancer is thought to result from a combination of environmental factors and accumulation of specific genetic alterations, and consequently mainly affects older patients (>50 years of age). Fewer than 10% of patients present with the disease before 45 years of age and these young patients are thought to develop carcinomas with a different molecular genetic profile from that of sporadic carcinomas occurring at a later age. Forty early-onset gastric carcinoma resection specimens were characterized for microsatellite instability (MSI) and loss of heterozygosity status using 22 polymorphic microsatellite markers. Twenty-four biopsies were additionally evaluated for the presence of MSI. No MSI was observed in any of the cases analysed. Losses were infrequent, but were most common for the D1S234 (26.1%) and D1S1676 (17.4%) markers, flanking the RUNX3 gene; for the p53ALU (23.1%) and TP53 (15.4%) markers, near the TP53 gene; and for the D16S2624 (17.2%) marker, near the E-cadherin (CDH1) gene. All cases with loss of CDH1, as well as 6/7 cases with loss of TP53, displayed aberrant staining of the corresponding proteins, pointing to a functional role for these proteins in early-onset gastric carcinogenesis. No germline CDH1, TP53 or RUNX3 mutations were detected in any of the cases analysed. No correlation was observed between non-functional E-cadherin and the histological type of the tumours analysed. Finally, Epstein-Barr virus was not detected in any of the cases analysed. On the basis of these results, early-onset gastric carcinomas appear to have characteristics distinct from gastric carcinomas occurring at a later age.
 ...
PMID:Early-onset gastric carcinomas display molecular characteristics distinct from gastric carcinomas occurring at a later age. 1530 40


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>