Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in serum and endoscopic brush specimens was evaluated for the differential diagnosis of malignant and nonmalignant gastric disease. Brush specimens were studied from 33 patients with gastric cancer and 36 patients with benign gastric lesions or apparently normal gastric mucosa. Demonstrable CEA immunoreactivity was found by radioimmunoassay in brush specimens from 24/33 cancer patients (73%) and from 23/36 patients with benign lesions (64%). Patients with CEA+ tissue in the immunoperoxidase test had somewhat higher CEA concentrations in the brush specimens than cases with CEA- biopsy tissue, although overlap was considerable. Thirty-five per cent of cancer patients had both a positive tissue CEA reaction and a CEA/DNA ratio greater than 10 ng/micrograms, whilst patients with benign lesions had only 15% of positives by these criteria (0.01 greater than P greater than 0.001). The serum CEA concentration was above the upper normal level of 5 ng/ml in 2/39 patients, both of whom had gastric cancer. The CEA immunoreactive material from benign and malignant lesions eluted in gel filtration on Sephadex G-200 in the same volume as CEA purified from liver metastases of cancer of the colon, showing that a glycoprotein sharing immunological and physicochemical properties with CEA is present both in malignant and nonmalignant lesions of the gastric mucosa, and that there is considerable overlapping in the amount of CEA. The estimation of CEA in gastric-brush specimens is therefore of limited value in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant gastric lesions.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen in endoscopic brush specimens from benign and malignant gastric lesions. 39 92

Gastric juice was neutralized (nGJ) in vivo by 80 ml of a phosphate buffer containing radiolabelled vitamin B12 as dilution indicator. Unprocessed nGJ was analyzed in the double gel diffusion technique for the presence of serum proteins using monospecific antisera. Alpha1-Acid glycoprotein (AGP) was found in a high incidence (36 out of 38 subjects) in nGJ of gastric cancer patients. AGP was also observed less frequently in nGJ of patients with Billroth II resections (6/15), metaplasia (11/52), gastric ulcer (3/24), chronic atrophic gastritis (2/26) and chronic gastritis (3/63). AGP was absent in the control group (0/21), in patients with surface gastritis (0/38) and in subjects with normal acid secretion (0/45). Immunochemical studies demonstrated no identity of AGP with human "gastrointestinal tumor associated antigens." In 7 out of 17 AGP positive samples immunochemical differences between gastric and serum AGP were observed.
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PMID:Alpha 1-acid glycoprotein in gastric cancer juice. 80 43

Alpha1-Acid glycoprotein (AGP) was quantitated by an electroradioimmunoassay (ERIA) in in vivo neutralized gastric juice (nGJ) of 226 patients, including normals and patients with various gastic diseases. The accuracy of ERIA was tested by extraction and recovery experiments. A possible interference of nGJ constituents with the quantitation procedure was excluded. The mean AGP concentration in gastric juice of normals was 1.04 mu/ml (range 0.04-4.1 mu/ml). The concentration was significantly higher in the gastric cancer group (mean 31.6 mu/ml, p less than 0.01), in the group of chronic metaplastic gastritis (mean 5.7 mu/ml, p less than 0.01) and in the group of BII resections (mean 8.8 mu/ml, p less than 0.05). In 6 out of 12 nGJ samples with high AGP concentrations, a spur formation (Ouchterlony type III) was observed in double gel diffusion when compared to serum AGP. In 3 out of these 12 samples, the dilution curve in ERIA differed from the serum AGP dilution curve. These results indicate a difference in the antigenic properties of AGP in nGJ.
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PMID:Quantitation of alpha1-acid glycoprotein in neutralized gastric juice by electroradioimmunoassay (ERIA). 81 Feb 76

An investigation of the glycoproteins of gastric mucus from biopsies of patients with gastric cancer has shown a change in certain carbohydrate components. There is a significant increase (P less than 0-001) in mannose and a significant decrease in N-acetylgalactosamine in both secretors and non-secretors from cancer-free and cancer-bearing regions of the stomach as compared with normal stomachs. The possible reasons for this change and its relation to two possible glycoprotein fractions are discussed.
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PMID:Carbohydrate content of endoscopic gastric biopsies in carcinoma of the stomach. 89 15

Immunohistological studies, using the fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled antibody against gastric mucosal glycoprotein, were made during the development of gastric cancer, induced in dogs and rats by oral administration of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). In an early stage, the regenerative glands were lined by fluorescent mucus cells. Carcinoma cells of orderly glandular structure, produced in dogs, were devoid of fluorescence. Carcinoma cells of less differentiation, produced in rats during further advanced stage, were well fluorescent. The immunofluorescent profiles of such experimentally induced gastric carcinoma were found to be the same as those of human gastric adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Immunofluorescent staining of gastric mucosal glycoprotein in gastric carcinoma of dogs and rats induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. 110 80

Chemotherapy failure remains a significant medical problem in the treatment of neoplastic disease and is thought to be due to many different factors including membrane transport, p-glycoprotein in multidrug resistance, glutathione and its related enzymes, topoisomerase II and DNA repair. Glutathione is a major constituent of non-protein thiol and participates in detoxification of chemotherapy and radiation. Thus, glutathione concentration is correlated with sensitivity to alkylating agents and radiation, and increased in resistant cell lines. Buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) is an inhibitor of glutathione biosynthesis and may increase cytotoxicities of alkylating agents, including melphalan and cisplatin, and radiation in sensitive and resistant cell lines. We studied effects on cellular glutathione levels and cytotoxicities of cisplatin, carboplatin and radiation by BSO treatment in human stomach cancer cell line (SNU-1) and ovarian cancer cell line (OVCAR-3). The results were as follow: 1) After BSO treatment of 1 mM and 2 mM for 2 days, the intracellular thiol concentration was depleted to 75.7% and 76.2% in SNU-1, and 74.1% and 63.0% in OVCAR-3, respectively. 2) The intracellular thiol concentration in SNU-1 was depleted to 33.4% after BSO 2 mM for only 2 hours incubation and 71.5% after small amount of BSO (0.02 mM) for 2 days. 3) The recovery of intracellular thiol concentration required more than 3 days after BSO removal. 4) BSO inhibited partially the growth of SNU-1 and OVCAR-3. 5) The cytotoxicities of cisplatin and carboplatin were markedly enhanced both in SNU-1 and OVCAR-3 by BSO treatment. 6) The cytotoxicities of radiation was increased in OVCAR-3 and SNU-1 by BSO treatment. Therefore, it is concluded that BSO can deplete effectively the intracellular thiol concentration and enhance the cytotoxicities of cisplatin, carboplatin and radiation.
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PMID:Effects of buthionine sulfoximine treatment on cellular glutathione levels and cytotoxicities of cisplatin, carboplatin and radiation in human stomach and ovarian cancer cell lines. 130 72

A monoclonal antibody (mAb) A12 against gastric cancer was prepared in immuno-reconstituted nude mice from human ductal adenocarcinoma of stomach, Sy86B. mAb A12 could react with the majority of gastric cancer tissues (24/27-88.9%) but only cross react with a few normal tissues tested. The corresponding antigen of mAb A12 (antigen A12) was expressed at higher levels and usually in more than 50% of the cancer cells. mAb A12 may be a valid preparation in targeting therapy of gastric cancer. Preliminary analysis of antigen A12 showed that it is a oncofetal antigen probably of glycolipid or glycoprotein in nature.
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PMID:[Monoclonal antibody A12 against gastric cancer produced in immuno-reconstituted nude mice]. 132 99

A new antigen associated with pancreatic cancer was prepared by immunoaffinity chromatography using Fab'-Sepharose beads. This antigen was a glycoprotein of large molecular weight (Mr greater than 8,000,000) in its native state, estimated by size exclusion chromatography on Sephacryl S400. After sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and blotting analysis, several cancer-associated glycoconjugates, including CA19-9, CA50, Span-1, Dupan-2, and sialyl SSEA-1, were detected on the antigenic moiety of Mr 90,000. By an enzyme immunoassay for the antigen, elevated levels were found in pooled sera obtained from patients with various malignant and non-malignant diseases and normal subjects. However, the enhanced expression of CA19-9, Lewisa, or Lewisb epitope on the antigen molecule was restricted to the pooled sera from patients with pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, antigens from pancreatic or gastric cancer expressed ligands with intense and specific reactivity for Bauhinia purpurea (BPA), peanut (PNA), and Vicia villosa (VVA) lectins. The present assay system of the antigen, using both monoclonal antibodies (CA19-9, Lewisa, and Lewisb) and lectins (BPA, VVA and PNA), will provide a useful approach to the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:Preparation of pancreatic cancer-associated mucin expressing CA19-9, CA50, Span-1, sialyl SSEA-1, and Dupan-2. 168 94

Lipids, particularly surface-active phospholipids, have been proposed to provide an important protective barrier in the gastric mucosa. The predominant surface-active phospholipid in the pulmonary surfactant complex is dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine. To determine whether the gastric epithelium synthesizes and secretes this phospholipid, primary cultures of canine gastric mucous cells isolated by counterflow elutriation were studied. During the 24-hour period of culture, the gastric mucous cells incorporated 3H-choline into phosphatidylcholine, with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine representing 13.8% +/- 0.6% of the phosphatidylcholine synthesized. When mucous cell preparations with greater chief cell contamination were studied, they incorporated significantly less precursor into dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine. Administration of prostaglandin E2, a cytoprotective agent, to the cultured mucous cells for 1 hour led to a significant increase in phosphatidylcholine release, reaching a maximum of 120.4% +/- 4.2% (P less than 0.001) at 10(-6) mol/L. No significant stimulation of phospholipid release by prostaglandin E2 was seen in the fractions containing a greater proportion of chief cells. To further establish the relationship between mucin and phospholipid secretion, two gastric cancer cell lines, Hs746T and KATO III, were studied. Using immunocytochemical and biochemical techniques, mucin synthesis and secretion were confirmed by these cell lines. The Hs746T cells were significantly more active in the secretion of both mucin and phospholipid than the KATO III cells. The Hs746T line secreted 5.7-fold more mucin and 7.3-fold more phospholipid than KATO III cells during a 24-hour period of culture. The association between mucin and phospholipids in an aqueous solution was also studied. Purified mucin in the concentration of 0.5-2 mg/mL of glycoprotein led to a significant dose-dependent increase in phospholipid solubility, suggesting the formation of a glycoprotein-phospholipid complex. The current studies indicate that the gastric mucous cell is the source of surfactant phospholipids as well as mucin. The synthesis and release of mucin and phospholipid are functions of the mucous cell that play a critical role in the primary defense of gastric epithelium.
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PMID:Synthesis and prostaglandin E2-induced secretion of surfactant phospholipid by isolated gastric mucous cells. 170 84

Monoclonal antibody FU-W-H6 whose immunoglobulin subclass was IgG2a kappa was produced against gallbladder carcinoma cell line FU-GBC-2. In normal tissue, this antibody has a strong reactivity specific to the mucosa of the gallbladder (14/15, 94%), bile duct (5/5, 100%), and pancreatic duct (4/5, 80%) in comparison with the lack of the gastric mucosa, and colorectal mucosa with statistically significant differences (p less than 0.01). In cancerous tissue, gallbladder cancer (11/12, 92%), bile duct cancer (5/5, 100%), and pancreatic cancer (2/2, 100%) reacted gastric cancer (4/12, 33%), and colorectal cancer (1/16, 6%) with statistically significant differences (p less than 0.05). On the other hand, another monoclonal antibody FU-W-E2 whose immunoglobulin was IgM has specificity to the gastrointestinal or gallbladder cancers. Eleven of 13 (85%) gastric cancers, 12 of 16 (75%) colorectal cancers, and 9 of 12 (75%) gallbladder cancers reacted positively with statistically significant differences with each normal epithelia (p less than 0.05). Immunoelectron microscopical study revealed that the antigen recognized by FU-W-H6 was localized by FU-W-H6 or E2 antigens were suggested to be a carbohydrates on the glycoprotein, and were thought to have relation to sialic acid by treatment of acid Sciff and enzymes. Western blot analysis demonstrated that their molecular weights were about 87000, and 92000.
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PMID:[Two different types of monoclonal antibodies against gallbladder carcinoma cell line]. 177 Sep 35


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