Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to investigate the effect of splenectomy on tumor growth, splenectomy was performed in DDS mice transplanted subcutaneously with Ehrlich ascites tumor cells before and after the transplantation. It was found that, in the first control group receiving sham operation, all the mice died of tumor; in the second group that underwent splenectomy 1 week before the transplantation the tumor regressed in every case; in the third group that received splenectomy 5 days after transplantation when tumor became established, the tumor regression was observed in 85% of the animals, and in the fourth group that underwent splenectomy 10 days after transplantation, all the animals died of tumor earlier than the sham-operated first group. In the follow-up observations of 389 patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy alone and 89 cases who received gastrectomy combined with splenectomy, the 5-year survival rate of the latter group tended to show a better prognosis in a relatively early stage. It was concluded that splenectomy might inhibit the growth of tumor in a certain early stage, in both animals and humans, and the possible mechanism of this effect of splenectomy was discussed from the immunological aspects.
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PMID:Effect of splenectomy in tumor-bearing mice and gastric cancer patients. 59 44

A comparison of the chemosensitivity of well-differentiated human gastric cancer tissues was made between histological venous invasion positive (v(+)) and negative (v(-)) tissues, using the succinate dehydrogenase inhibition (SDI) test. These tissues obtained at the time of surgery were exposed to six anticancer drugs: carboquone (CQ), adriamycin (ADM), mitomycin C (MMC), aclacinomycin A (ACR), cisplatin (DDP) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Chemosensitivity was judged to be positive when the succinate dehydrogenase (SD) activity of the drug exposed cells decreased to below 50% of that of control cells. Decrease in the SD activity was more apparent in the v(-) tissues than in the v(+) tissues, exposed to the anticancer drugs and in particular to ADM (P less than 0.01), MMC (P less than 0.02) and DDP (P less than 0.05). The sensitivity rates to all six anticancer drugs were lower in the v(+) tissues. The resistance rates to all drugs tested were 0% in the v(-) tissues, but 21% in the v(+) tissues. In light of these observations, patients with gastric cancer of the well differentiated type and the histological venous invasion, will probably show a less positive response to cancer chemotherapy.
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PMID:Resistance to anticancer drugs of well differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma with venous invasion. 158 7

The chemosensitivity was evaluated by the in vitro succinate dehydrogenase inhibition (SDI) test in 1,000 human tumors including 237 gastric cancers, 116 colorectal cancers, 113 hepatoma and 534 others. These tumor cells were exposed to 5 kinds of antitumor drugs, carboquone (CQ), adriamycin (ADM), mitomycin C (MMC), aclacinomycin A (ACR), cis-platinum (DDP). After exposure to the antitumor drugs, cell viability was assessed with colorimetric assay, based on the ability of succinate dehydrogenase (SD) in living tumor cells to reduced a tetrazolium (MTT) to a formazan. The chemosensitivity was determined to be positive when the SD activity of drug exposed cells decreased to below 50% of that of control cells, on day 3 of exposure. The chemosensitivity varied in the tumor tissues. The chemosensitivity of metastatic lesions of lymph nodes were higher than that of the primary lesions, while metastatic liver tumors had lower sensitivity than the primary lesions. The intra-tumorous distribution of SD activity in 12 human gastric cancers were compared with normal adjacent tissues using histochemistry. Seventy-five % (9/12) of gastric cancer tissues had higher SD activity than normal adjacent tissues. The SDI test is rapid and simple method to predict the sensitivity test of various human tumors to antitumor drugs.
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PMID:[The sensitivity of 1,000 human tumors to antitumor drugs using the succinate dehydrogenase inhibition (SDI) test]. 227 70

Cytotoxic effects of allyl trisulfide (Alt, a synthetic chemical identical with one of the main active principles of garlic), 5 FU, MMC and DDP on SGC 7901 ( a moderately differentiated human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line) and MGC 803 (a poorly differentiated human gastric mucoadenocarcinoma cell line) had been reported before. In this paper, effects of repeated two doses of each drug and the combination of two drugs on these two cell lines were studied using relative clone-survival test. The inhibitory effects of Alt, MMC alone or combined on MGC tumor in nude mice were observed. No drug resistance was found when any one of the four agents at the same concentration were repeated twice separately at 60 hour interval in vitro. The cytotoxic effect of the repeated two doses was approximately equal to that of the single dose at double concentration. The in vitro test of combinations of two drugs showed that Alt plus MMC or 5 FU plus DDP had markedly synergistic effect on MGC cells; 5 FU plus DDP had markedly synergistic effect on SGC cells. The inhibition test on the growth of MGC tumor in nude mice indicated that the inhibition rates of Alt, MMC alone or combined were 58.3%, 86.3% and 84.3%. The systemic toxic effect of MMC alone was severe, whereas Alt alone or MMC plus Alt showed mild toxicity. For this reason, Alt plus MMC is recommended for clinical trials on poorly differentiated gastric cancer. In addition, for the comparison of in vitro test dose and clinical dose of each drug, the principle of clinical adult dose range (CADR) is proposed.
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PMID:[Experimental chemotherapy of human gastric cancer cell lines in vitro and in nude mice]. 284 30

The chemosensitivities of 41 poorly differentiated gastric cancer tissues were compared with that of 16 well differentiated tissues, using the in vitro succinate dehydrogenase inhibition test. These human tissues obtained at the time of surgery were exposed to six different antitumor drugs: carboquone (CQ), adriamycin (ADM), mitomycin C (MMC), aclacinomycin A (ACR), cisplatin (DDP) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The chemosensitivity was determined as positive when the succinate dehydrogenase (SD) activity of the drug exposed cells was decreased to below 50% of that of control cells, on day 3 of exposure. Decrease in SD activity was remarkable in the poorly differentiated tissues, compared to the well differentiated tissues, exposed to ADM, MMC, DDP and 5-FU. The sensitive rates were higher in the poorly differentiated tissues than in the well differentiated tissues, against all six antitumor drugs. Sixty-three per cent of the poorly differentiated tissues were sensitive to more than three antitumor drugs, in an identical tissue, but the rate was only 19% in the well differentiated tissues. The resistant rates to all drugs tested were 20% in the poorly differentiated and 31% in the well differentiated tissues. This would indicate that patients with a poorly differentiated gastric cancer will probably show a better response to antitumor drugs, compared to those with a well differentiated type.
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PMID:Poorly differentiated human gastric carcinoma is more sensitive to antitumor drugs than is well differentiated carcinoma. 303 3

An in vitro chemosensitivity test, the succinate dehydrogenase inhibition (SDI) test, was used to examine 16 pairs of samples obtained simultaneously from primary and metastatic lesions of clinical gastric cancer. Concerning the metastases, 11 were in the lymph nodes and five in the liver. The chemosensitivities of metastatic lesions against six anti-tumour drugs, carboquone (CQ), adriamycin (ADM), mitomycin C (MMC), aclacinomycin A (ACR), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), differed from those in the primary lesions, and there were no correlations of chemosensitivities between the primary and the metastatic lesions against these drugs, except for DDP. The lymph nodes were more sensitive to CQ, ADM, MMC, DDP, ACR and 5-FU, while the liver was less sensitive than the primary lesions to CQ, ADM, MMC, DDP, and ACR. Our findings indicate that in patients with lymph node metastasis, there is a sensitivity to anti-tumour drugs, while in cases of liver metastasis, drug treatment may be less effective. We propose that chemosensitivity testing should be done when attempting to design anti-tumour drugs.
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PMID:Chemosensitivity differences between primary and metastatic lesions of clinical gastric cancer. 319 5

Sixteen evaluable patients with advanced gastric cancer who had no prior therapy were treated intravenously with cisplatin (DDP) 20 mg/m2/day on days 1-5 and with Adriamycin 40 mg/m2 and 5-fluorouracil 600 mg/m2 on day 1 (DAF) every 3 weeks. There were five objective partial responses, giving a response rate of 31%. Five patients had minor responses, and 5 others achieved disease stabilization. The median duration of response for responders was 10 months, and the median time to tumor progression in nonresponders was 6 months. The overall median survival was 12 months (responders 14 months, nonresponders 9 months; NS). Most patients had a subjective improvement, including disappearance of abdominal pain (7/9) and gastrointestinal bleeding (5/7). The drug toxicity was moderate to severe. The primary nonhematologic toxicities were nausea and vomiting (in all patients), severe weakness (44%), and parasthesias (31%). Eight patients (50%) experienced significant bone marrow suppression. The DAF combination appears to have some activity in patients with advanced gastric cancer. However, further efforts in new drug development and other combinations are needed to improve the results of chemotherapy in stomach cancer.
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PMID:Treatment of advanced gastric cancer with DDP (cisplatin), adriamycin, and 5-fluorouracil (DAF). 361 11

In the preclinical study of a new combination therapy for gastric cancer, dFTP, consisting of doxifluridine (5'-DFUR), pirarubicin (THP) and cisplatin (DDP) as a modification of conventional FAP regimen (5-fluorouracil+Adriamycin+DDP), we compared antitumor and toxic effects of two sequential treatment schedules, single injection of DDP before or after 4 daily administrations of 5'-DFUR, on 5 strains of human gastric cancer bearing nude mice. Results indicated that both schedules of the dFTP regimen had potent antitumor effects. There was no significant difference between them. On the other hand, in terms of the host toxicity as observed by body weight loss, the post-DDP schedule was significantly less toxic than pre-DDP. These results suggest that dFTP regimen (post-DDP schedule) may be useful for clinical treatment of gastric cancers.
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PMID:[Combination therapy of doxifluridine, pirarubicin and cisplatin for human gastric cancers implanted in nude mice]. 757 12

We retrospectively evaluated the clinical usefulness of the succinate dehydrogenase inhibition (SDI) test as a chemosensitivity test, using 168 resected specimens of gastric cancer, with special reference to the correlation between the results of the SDI test and clinical effects of the corresponding chemotherapy. The rate of sensitivity of these tissues to DDP, CQ, ACR, MMC, ADM, and 5-FU were 63.5%, 54.2%, 47.4%, 42.9%, 31.4%, and 10.8%, respectively. Survival rates for patients with a positive chemosensitivity to MMC and postoperatively prescribed more than 20 mg of MMC were significantly better than those without sensitivity to MMC, even when treated with MMC, although no statistical differences existed in clinicopathologic factors between the two groups. We conclude that the SDI test for human gastric cancer is a rapid, reliable, and useful assay to determine the compatibility between the results of assay and the clinical effects of corresponding chemotherapy. We propose that the regimen of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy be tailored according to results of the SDI test, using tissues resected from individual patients.
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PMID:Clinical value of SDI test for predicting effect of postoperative chemotherapy for patients with gastric cancer. 805 84

A new combined cancer chemotherapy regimen of mitomycin C (MMC) and cisplatin (DDP) showed synergistic antitumor activity against human gastric cancer xenografts St-40 and SC-1-NU in BALB/c nu/nu mice. The drugs were administered intraperitoneally at doses of 2 or 4 mg/kg for MMC and 3 or 6 mg/kg for DDP, respectively. To clarify the schedule-dependent antitumor activity of MMC and DDP against St-40 and SC-1-NU, different sequential therapies were conducted. Simultaneous administration of these agents showed the highest antitumor activity against SC1-NU among the three regimens used, whereas the sequence of MMC followed by DDP showed higher antitumor activity than the reverse sequence against St-40. The intratumoral concentration of platinum was significantly increased in St-40 treated with the sequence MMC to DDP, in comparison with the sequence DDP to MMC. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of this combination was 4 mg MMC plus 6 mg DDP per kg in all the combinations, and these MTDs were 2/3 of the corresponding values for their single use. Since this combination increased the antitumor activity of each single agent without any increase in their toxicity, it would appear to be useful clinically.
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PMID:Synergistic antitumor activity of combination chemotherapy with mitomycin C and cisplatin against human gastric cancer xenografts in nude mice. 805 50


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