Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Feasibility of immunohistochemical staining of P-glycoprotein for the prediction of doxorubicin resistance in gastrointestinal cancers was examined. Among 10 cancer cell lines which consist of two gastric cancer cell lines and eight colon cancer cell lines, seven cell lines were stained positively by the monoclonal antibody to P-glycoprotein, C219. In consequence of the evaluation on the effect of doxorubicin on these tumour cells by means of succinic dehydrogenase inhibition test (SDI test), zero out of seven cell lines stained positively by C219 was sensitive to doxorubicin, but two out of three cell lines stained negatively were sensitive. Among 23 fresh surgical specimens of gastrointestinal cancers which consisted of 15 gastric cancers and eight colon cancers, seven tumour tissues were stained positively by C219. All P-glycoprotein positive tumours were resistant to doxorubicin. On the other hand, four of 16 P-glycoprotein tumours were sensitive to doxorubicin. These data indicate that positively stained cancer cells by C219 are resistant to doxorubicin.
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PMID:Prediction of doxorubicin resistance in gastrointestinal cancer by P-glycoprotein staining. 135 49

Splenic tissues derived from patients with gastric cancer were implanted into mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and then the mice were challenged with COLO-205, a human colon cancer cell line. Production of human immunoglobulin G (IgG) reactive against the COLO-205 cells was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in sera from the reconstituted and tumor-bearing SCID mice. The titers of the reactive IgG relative to total IgG in the sera of SCID mice began to increase from one week after implantation of the tumor cells, and became 10- to 100-fold higher than that in the donor's serum by 3-4 weeks. This model using implantation of human cancer cells in SCID mice reconstituted with human splenic tissues would facilitate further studies of human cancer immunology.
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PMID:Production of human immunoglobulin G reactive against human cancer in tumor-bearing mice with severe combined immunodeficiency reconstituted with human splenic tissues. 139 26

An X-ray examination of the gastrointestinal tract was performed on 56 patients with systemic cutaneous disease that is often considered associated with internal malignancies. Found were one case of esophageal cancer, two cases of gastric cancer, and two cases of colon cancer. The prevalence of gastric and colon cancer in these patients showed a statistically significant increase compared to the general population. The rate of gastric cancer was 16.26 times higher than the general population and that of colon cancer 32.26. X-ray examination of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with systemic cutaneous disease is useful for detecting malignancy.
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PMID:[X-ray examination of the gastrointestinal tract in systemic cutaneous disease]. 141 Sep 41

Surgery is the only curative therapeutic approach for gastrointestinal tumors. If the tumor is deeply infiltrating through serosa or invading regional lymph nodes, the 5-year patient's survival is about 60% and < 40%, respectively. The natural history and prognosis of neoplasms from colon, rectum and stomach are different. Despite the unsatisfactory results obtained with radical treatment of advanced disease, there are positive studies on adjuvant treatment of colon and rectal cancer, whereas the role of such an approach is still controversial for gastric cancer. The combination of fluorouracil containing chemotherapy with radiotherapy was suggested as the most effective adjuvant treatment for patients with Dukes' B and C rectal cancer. However, the choice of chemotherapeutic regimen is still debated. A recent report, from the North Central Cancer Tumor Group, stated survival and disease-free survival advantages for patients with Dukes' C colon cancer treated with FU + levamisole for 1 year after radical surgery. Since this regimen was not proven effective in advanced disease, ongoing adjuvant trials are comparing it with the combination of FU + biochemical modulator. The role of adjuvant therapy for gastric cancer is debated. The recent development of regimens active on advanced disease result in more promising future adjuvant trials.
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PMID:Adjuvant chemotherapy for cancer of gastrointestinal tract: a critical review. 146 76

Automotive wood model makers have been reported to be at excess risk for colon and other cancers in recent epidemiologic studies. To further explore these risks, we conducted a retrospective cohort mortality study, with follow-up from 1940 through 1984, of 2294 white male wood model makers employed at any time until 1980 by three US auto makers. Using US mortality rates for comparison, we found elevated standardized mortality ratios of 1.2 (95% CI, 0.8-1.9) for colon cancer and 1.6 (95% CI, 0.9-2.6) for stomach cancer. We also conducted nested case-control studies for 20 colon and 17 stomach cancer cases and 543 age-matched controls. We found no trend of increased risk for colon or stomach cancer mortality with increased exposure to wood dust or to duration employed in wood model making.
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PMID:Colon and stomach cancer mortality among automotive wood model makers. 848 9

There has long been an interest in the use of combination chemotherapy/radiotherapy in the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors. Almost all such regimens combined 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with radiotherapy. Work has been done in gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colon and rectal cancer, all of which demonstrate an advantage in certain clinical situations for combined-modality therapy. In locally advanced pancreatic cancer, radiotherapy/5-FU has been shown to improve survival compared with radiotherapy alone, while in resectable carcinoma of the pancreas, the combination has been demonstrated to improve long-term survival compared with surgery alone. In patients with gastric cancer the data are more limited, but indications are that combined-modality therapy may benefit certain subsets of patients. Little information exists in colon cancer, but patterns of failure suggest a potential role for adjuvant radiotherapy/5-FU. Studies are being designed to test the hypothesis. In rectal cancer, a significant amount of data exists to support the value of radiotherapy/5-FU-based chemotherapy as an adjuvant in patients with stages B2 and C tumors. At present, studies are being run or analyzed to define whether modulation of 5-FU with leucovorin or levamisole, or whether the use of continuous infusion 5-FU, will improve the therapeutic efficacy of the adjuvant therapy.
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PMID:Combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of gastrointestinal malignancies. 150 87

Nineteen patients with metastatic liver tumor (9 of gastric cancer, 5 of colon cancer, 2 of pancreatic cancer, one each of mammary cancer, cholecystic cancer, carcinoid of biliary tract) and one patient with primary liver cancer were treated by endogenously induced LAK therapy consisting of transhepatic arterial infusion with ADM or MMC for induction therapy and OK-432 and rIL-2 (TGP-3) for immunotherapy. The following results were obtained. 1) Clinical response for liver tumor showed no CR but 8 cases of PR, for an overall response rate of 42.1%. 2) Reduced tumor marker value was noted in 76.5% cases, and 50% survival term became 349 days after the therapy. 3) Many CD4 and CD8 positive mononuclear cells had infiltrated around liver tumor after therapy by immuno-histochemical staining of surface marker. 4) NK activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes was markedly reduced soon after the therapy and continued for about 4-7 days, while in cases of combined subcutaneous administration with OK-432, NK activity showed only a slight decrease.
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PMID:[Significance of antitumor effects and immunological response on endogenously induced LAK therapy for primary or metastatic liver tumor]. 153 Feb 92

Intermittent intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy using implantable reservoir was performed for hepatic metastases and the therapeutic effects were evaluated. We treated 21 patients with hepatic metastases of gastric cancer in 8 cases, rectal cancer in 6 cases, colon cancer in 5 cases and breast cancer in 2 cases. The reduction rate of the tumor diameter as seen by CT scan was used as a criteria for antitumor effectiveness. Only 1 case was PR, for an efficacy rate of 5%. Changes in serum CEA level were related to antitumor effectiveness.
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PMID:[Intermittent intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy using implantable reservoir for the treatment of hepatic metastasis]. 153 Feb 96

Intraperitoneal chemotherapy with CDDP and other agents was instituted to treat 2 cases of metastatic ovarian cancer (developing in one case of gastric cancer and one of colon cancer). At first laparotomy, cytological examination of ascites revealed malignant cells in the 2 cases, and metastatic foci were noted in non-ovarian regions as well. Macroscopic peritoneal dissemination was apparent in the case of colon cancer. Following surgery, 5 courses of chemotherapy were given. The gastric cancer patient was treated with intraperitoneal CDDP and etoposide, while the colon cancer patient was placed on intraperitoneal CDDP therapy and continuous 5-FU iv. Clinical CR was 7 months in the former case and 10 in the latter. Although small metastatic foci were present in the posterior peritoneum in both cases at second laparotomy, distinct peritoneal dissemination had disappeared in the case of colon cancer. Cytologic examination of intraperitoneal washings proved to be negative for malignant cells in the gastric cancer case but positive in the colon cancer case. These findings indicated that although the effect was limited to clinical CR, intraperitoneal CDDP administration for metastatic ovarian cancer is effective for improving short-term prognosis.
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PMID:[Intraperitoneal chemotherapy of metastatic ovarian cancer]. 153 Mar 46

Based on recent preclinical data suggesting synergism between 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) and clinical activity of the combination therapy in colon cancer, 14 patients with advanced gastric cancer were treated with combination therapy of 5-FU and recombinant interferon alpha-2b (rIFN alpha-2b) (Intron A, Schering, Kenilworth, NJ, U.S.A.). The maximum tolerated dose was 5-FU 750 mg/m2/day given as a continuous infusion daily for 5 days followed by weekly bolus injection of the same initial daily dose, plus rIFN alpha-2b 5 X 10(6) U given subcutaneously 3 times weekly starting day 1 of 5-FU infusion. The dose-limiting toxicities were fatigue/weakness, diarrhea, and neurologic toxicities such as somnolence and confusion. The other common side effects were nausea, fever, leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, and the darkening of the skin. Of 13 evaluable patients, 4 had a partial response (duration 6, 14, 24, and 28 weeks). These data suggest that combination therapy of 5-FU plus rIFN alpha-2b is tolerable and has manageable side effects in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Further Phase II study will be needed to define the antitumor activity of this combination.
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PMID:Combination of 5-fluorouracil and recombinant interferon alpha-2B in advanced gastric cancer. A phase I study. 155 2


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