Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A phase II study on MCNU (Methyl 6-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) was performed in 33 patients with advanced or recurrent gastrointestinal cancer under the cooperation of eight institutions in Hiroshima Prefecture. MCNU was given by means of intravenous drip infusion and the 33 cases were divided into three groups according to the method of administration; (A) 50mg/m2 every 1 or 2 weeks, (B) 70mg/m2 every 2 weeks or (C) 90mg/m2 every 6-8 weeks. Among 28 evaluable cases, 1 complete response (CR) and 1 partial response (PR) were observed and these two cases were gastric cancer patients. Platelet nadir occurred at the 3rd or fifth week after MCNU administration, but the leukocyte count was not so decreased. Subjective side effects were nausea, general fatigue and vomiting, but these were observed to be only mild.
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PMID:[Phase II study on MCNU in patients with advanced or recurrent gastrointestinal cancer]. 403 10

A phase II study of a new anthracycline, (2''R)-4'-0-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP) was performed on 37 patients with gastrointestinal cancer in 6 co-operative study institutions. Twenty-five patients out of 37 were evaluable for response according to the Koyama-Saito's criteria. THP was administered weekly at doses of 10 to 30 mg/body or every 3 to 4 weeks at doses of 40 to 60 mg/body intravenously. Of the 14 patients with gastric cancer, we obtained one complete response and 3 partial responses (response rate 28.6%), and of the 6 patients with rectal cancer, we obtained one partial response (16.7%). Leukopenia of less than 3 X 10(3)/mm3 and erythrocytopenia of less than 300 X 10(4)/mm3 were seen in 48% and 26% of cases. Neither cardiotoxicity nor hair loss were seen. These results suggest that THP is useful in the treatment of patients with gastrointestinal cancer.
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PMID:[Phase II study of (2''R)-4'-0-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP) in gastrointestinal cancer]. 406 15

The hypothesis upon which this study was based is that there is a relationship between mortality from gastrointestinal cancer and living standards. On this basis we found significant correlations between the intake of animal proteins and the mortality rates for gastric and intestinal cancer. The negative correlation coefficient (r = - 0.85) is an expression of the inverse relationship between gastric and intestinal cancer mortality rates. This inverse relationship is also expressed as the correlation between the food intake, expressed by the intake of animal protein, and the respective mortality rates. The higher the food intake, the lower the gastric cancer mortality rate but the higher the intestinal cancer mortality rate. We do not claim that this relationship discovered by correlation analysis is a causal one. On the basis of this study it cannot therefore be said that food intake has a direct effect on the development of gastrointestinal cancer. In this respect our findings can only be a signal for further studies. Secondly no time lag has been proved between food intake and the mortality rate for intestinal cancer. The findings relating to gastric cancer do not contradict the hypothesis of a time lag.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal cancer and nutrition. 536 39

The decrease in 11-hydroxycorticosteroids concentration caused by 0.5 mg of dexamethasone administered at 11 pm was studied in 91 primary patients suffering from gastrointestinal cancer. In dexamethasone-resistant patients postoperative complications developed in 65% of colon cancer patients and in 42% of stomach cancer patients. In dexamethasone-sensitive patients the complications were observed in 24% and 12% of patients, correspondingly. The elevation of hypothalamic threshold of sensitivity to the inhibiting effect of glucocorticoids, revealed by the dexamethasone suppression test, was considered to be as result of a combined action of age, the tumor itself, and pronounced emotional stress during the preparation for operation. The derivative of benzodiazepin--phenazepam--when administered before the operation in colon cancer patients improved the results of the dexamethasone suppression test and decreased the number of postoperative complications.
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PMID:The relation between the status of adaptive system and the number of postoperative complications in patients with gastrointestinal cancer: the effect of phenazepam. 612 16

Results of a phase II study of AAFC in 32 patients with advanced measurable gastrointestinal cancer are presented. Fourteen patients were treated with a weekly schedule, while 18 were treated with 5-day courses of the drug. There were 12 patients with pancreas cancer, eight with stomach cancer, seven with cancer of the esophagus, four with colorectal cancer, and one with cancer of the gallbladder. Response was observed in pancreas and stomach cancer. Two patients with pancreas cancer had partial remissions, three other patients (two pancreas and one stomach) had response of short duration, considered to be less than a partial remission. There appeared to be very little difference between the two different schedules of administration. AAFC shows limited activity in adenocarcinoma of pancreas and stomach; there does not appear to be a practical application for AAFC as a single agent.
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PMID:Anhydro-ara-5-fluorocytidine (AAFC) in gastrointestinal cancer. A phase II study. 615 21

A randomized study of 5-FU + adriamycin (the control group) vs 5-FU + adriamycin + levamisole (LMS group) was conducted by an envelope method in 167 patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer for clinical evaluation of LMS against advanced gastrointestinal cancer. There was a significant increase in survival with the LMS group (p less than 0.05). Median survivals were 3.7 months for the control group and 6.1 months for the LMS group of all patients with gastrointestinal cancer and patients with gastric cancer, respectively. There were no differences in response rate and duration of response between both groups, but the number of PD (progressive disease) cases was significantly smaller in the LMS group than in the control group (p = 0.001). Adverse reactions occurred more frequently in the LMS group, but there was no significant difference in incidence between both groups.
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PMID:[Phase III multi-center study of levamisole (LMS)--a randomized evaluation in advanced gastrointestinal cancer, with special reference to stomach cancer]. 634 85

PCAA, a glycoprotein antigen fractionated from the ascites fluid of a patient with pancreatic cancer and sharing an identical immunogenicity with Gelder's POA, and PaA, a novel pancreatic tissue antigen, were studied immunohistologically. Serial paraffin sections were prepared from surgical specimens of 11 cases of pancreatic cancer, 15 of gastric cancer, 12 of colonic cancer, and 2 of gallbladder cancer; these were then subjected to immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase stainings. In noncancerous tissues, PCAA was detected unexpectedly at goblet cells of the whole intestine, but was completely absent in pancreatic tissues, while PaA was not demonstrated in intestinal tissues, but was positive at acinar cells of the pancreas. In pancreatic cancer tissues, PCAA and PaA were detected at apical cytoplasm of cancer cells, although positive cells were in different proportions and had different distributions. PCAA-positive cells were mucin-producing (positive in PAS-alcian blue staining) and were well differentiated histologically, while PaA-positive cells were less differentiated and poor in mucin production. Among 11 cases of pancreatic cancer, both PCAA- and PaA-positive cells were demonstrated in 3 cases, PCAA-positive cells alone were found in 3 cases, and PaA-positive cells alone were seen in 4 cases. In 27 gastrointestinal cancer tissues, PCAA was detected in 7 cases of mucin-producing cancer, and PaA was demonstrated in 2 cases of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Differential distribution of the pancreatic cancer-associated antigen (PCAA) and pancreatic tissue antigen (PaA) in pancreatic and gastrointestinal cancer tissues. 636 96

The levels of circulating immune complexes (CICs) have been estimated in a group of patients with colorectal cancer and gastric cancer, in addition to which a normal range has been established in a group of patients with benign gastrointestinal disease. A newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent Raji cell assay has been used in this study. Overall only 30% of patients with gastrointestinal cancer showed elevation of CIC levels outside the normal range. Elevated levels correlated with tumour differentiation bud did not correlate with site of disease or with the presence of metastases. In an attempt to define the specificity of CIC estimation, soluble tumour extract was added to sera from tumour-bearing patients. Specific IC elevations were produced by addition of allogeneic tumour extract of colon cancer in patients with colorectal cancer; this phenomenon was not seen when the same extract was added to the sera of patients with gastric cancer.
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PMID:Evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent Raji cell assay (ELISA) in the investigation of gastrointestinal cancer. 636 66

A phase II study of MCNU tablets in gastrointestinal cancer was carried out by the Hanshin MCNU cooperative study group involving 21 institutions. The selection of patients and evaluation of tumor response were based on the Criteria for the Evaluation of tumor Response by Chemotherapy in Solid Tumor Patients by Koyama and Saito. Of 67 patients who were entered into the study, 46 patients were evaluable, and comprised of 27 cases of gastric cancer, 13 of colorectal cancer, 2 hepatoma, and 4 patients suffering from other typas of gastrointestinal cancer. MCNU was administered orally at a dose of 50 mg/body/day for 4-6 days consecutive every 6-8 weeks. Only one partial response was obtained among the rectal cancer patients, with a response rate of 2.3% (1/43) in evaluable patients. Minor responses were obtained in 3 patients including 2 of gastric cancer with liver metastasis and 1 colon cancer with liver metastasis. Major side effects were marrow suppression and gastrointestinal symptoms. The former consisted of mainly leukopenia (15 patients, 30.0%), thrombocytopenia (20 patients, 40.0%), and oligochromaemia (10 patients, 20.0%). The latter consisted of mainly nausea and vomiting (5 patients, 10.0%).
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PMID:[A phase II study of ranomustine (MCNU) tablets in patients with gastrointestinal cancer--by cooperative study group]. 649

Adjuvant chemotherapy after apparently complete resection of gastrointestinal cancer may be theoretically justified by the high rate of local and metastatic recurrences. However, the results of controlled trials are generally disappointing, even if some of them have recently suggested some hope, chiefly for adjuvant therapy in gastric cancer. Confirmation of these preliminary results is needed before considering adjuvant therapy as routine treatment in digestive tumors.
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PMID:[Adjuvant chemotherapy in cancers of the stomach, pancreas and intestine]. 649 50


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