Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum beta2-microglobulin levels have been measured in 210 cancer and control patients to assess the significance of this investigation in cancer patients. Subjects studied included patients with breast and gastrointestinal cancer, corresponding control patients in both categories, and healthy volunteers. The composition of these groups allowed an assessment of the relative importance of changes related to cancer, benign disease, age and sex. A significant rise in serum beta2-microglobulin levels with advancing age was demonstrated in the control subjects. Mean levels were also consistently higher in females than in males in each patient group. After statistical correction for these age and sex effects, mean values remained significantly higher in each of the various cancer groups than in their controls. Patients with more advanced breast cancer had higher levels than those with 'early' disease, as did patients with stomach cancer compared to those with colo-rectal cancer. One possible interpretation is that levels increase with increasing tumour bulk, and therefore the estimation of serum beta2-microglobulin may be useful as one of a battery of tests in the management of cancer patients.
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PMID:Serum beta2-microglobulin in controls and cancer patients. 6 7

There exist no common recommendations for palliative therapy of gastrointestinal cancer. Fluorouracil has been used for a long time, remission rates reported range from 0% to 80%. In larger series they figure about 20% but without prolongation of survival in responders. Although this drug is used for 20 years optimal dose and timing is still unknown. By combination of fluorouracil with other drugs remission rates were improved and in responders survival was prolonged (mitomycin C and/or adriamycin in gastric cancer, methyl-CCNU in colorectal cancer). The results of adjuvant chemotherapy of gastrointestinal cancer are contradictory, the routine usage is not recommendable. Adjuvant as well as palliative chemotherapy must be improved by controlled clinical trials.
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PMID:[Chemotherapy of gastrointestinal tumors (review of the literature)]. 8 61

The rate of blastformation of peripheral blood lymphocytes in response to stimulation by phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was assessed preoperatively in 393 patients with gastrointestinal cancer. The series consisted of 291 cases of gastric cancer and 102 cases of colon cancer, all patients being under 70 years of age. The blastformation rate was related to the stage of cancer ground at operation. Preoperative blastformation rates for both colon cancer and gastric cancer decreased as the cancer progressed. With Stage I gastric cancer 81.4% of those that underwent curative resection had preoperative blastformation rates greater than 40%. However, the number of those with blastformation rates over 40% decreased markedly in the curative cases of gastric cancer Stage II to stage IV. Eighty three percent of cases that underwent curative resection with colon cancer, including advanced cancer, had preoperative blastformation rates of over 40%. These results indicated that the correlation of the preoperative blastformation rate with success of curative resection better for colon cancer than for gastric cancer.
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PMID:Preoperative blastformation rate in gastrointestinal cancer patients. 14 62

Serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels (SCL, SCeL) in 57 patients with advanced cancer of the stomach (35 cases) or large intestine (22 cases) treated with polychemotherapy were studies. In gastroenteric cancer, SCL, which are already high in untreated patients, have a tendency to increase further in cases of progression of the disease, while they seem to significantly decrease in cases of remission. SCeL during the trial appeared to be correlated to the clinical evolution of the disease only in the case of stomach cancer. In large intestine cancer, SCeL did not show any significant variation in relation to the normal range. These observations, in particular on the behavior of SCL in the neoplasms of the digestive tract, are in accordance with the results of other studies. The authors are inclined to attach a diagnostic and prognostic value to the variation in SCL and SCeL in gastrointestinal cancer.
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PMID:Variations in serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels in advanced gastrointestinal cancer treated with polychemotherapy. 46 83

The therapeutics on gastrointestinal cancer including only randomized clinical trials carried out in Western Europe and in the EORTC are reported. The studies on preoperative radiotherapy in resectable esophagus cancer and on chemotherapy associated to radiotherapy in nonresectable esophagus cancer has just been activated. The data of a trial on the treatment of gastric cancer have demonstrated the efficacy of long term 5-FU administered after postoperative irradiations. A trial on the immunostimulating effect of levamisole as adjuvant treatment of colon cancer is described, as well as the results of chemotherapy in advanced colon cancer. Finally, scribed, as well as the results of chemotherapy in advanced colon cancer. Finally, the preliminary results of two European trials studying the effect of preoperative radiotherapy and of a chemotherapy, used as a preoperative irradiation sensitizer in rectal cancer, are commented on.
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PMID:Clinical trials on gastrointestinal cancer in Western Europe and in the FORTC. 65 75

The influence of alimentation on the digestive pathology is very important. In this report the authors review the principal results of epidemiologic studies and animals experimentations. According to this survey of the literature it can be stated that some presumptions exist for: -- the responsibility of diet without vegetal fibers in the frequency of constipation, colonic divercitular disease, piles and hiatal hernia. The comparison of the alimentary habits in the western Europe with rural Africa is very instructive on that matter; -- the responsibility of alcohol consumption, use of hypercaloric regimen and hyperlipidic ingestats as causative factors for chronic pancreatitis; -- the importance of an hypercaloric, hyperlipidic and low residue regimen as etiologic factors in biliary gallstones; -- the role of denutrition and alcoholism in liver steatosis and cirrhosis in developed country; -- more important, perhaps, is the suspicion of the role of nutrition in the development of digestive cancer: alcohol will facilitate oesophageal cancer, alimentary nitrites gastric cancer meanwhile fiberless regimen and biles salts will promote colonic cancer. Impairments of nutrition observed after digestive resections in case of inappropriate alimentation are also analyzed as well as the principal alimentary disturbances related to allergy or enzymatic deficiency.
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PMID:[Dietary behavior and digestive diseases]. 82

Tests for circulating carcinoembryonic antigen, CEA, in plasma were performed in 29 patients with colonic and rectal cancer, 37 patients with stomach cancer, and in 100 blood donors. Using 5.0 ng per ml as cut off, 48 per cent of the patients with colonic and rectal cancer and 32 per cent of the patients with stomach cancer had elevated CEA-values. The CEA-values could be correlated to the classification of tumours according to Dukes, with significantly elevated values in groups Dukes C and D. The test could reveal 39 per cent of the cases with operable colonic and rectal cancer and 26 per cent of the operable cases of stomach cancer. Five patients with colonic and rectal cancer, and 0 patients with stomach cancer fulfilled the requirements for monitoring. After periods of observation of up to 14 months, definite connection between CEA-values and clinical course could be demonstrated in 1/26 patients submitted to macroscopically radical operation. In 2/7 patients with stomach cancer the CEA-values were entirely misleading. It is concluded that the CEA-test in its present form cannot be recommended for routine employment in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). A prospective clinical trail in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. 106 49

UFT is given to the patients with digestive cancer from the time before operation to prevent intra- and post-operative cancer dissemination and metastases. UFT (400 mg/day in terms of tegafur) was given preoperatively for 1-6 days in 6 patients with gastric cancer and 13 with colorectal cancer. The interval between the last administration and the beginning of the operation was 3.9 +/- 1.5 hours (mean +/- SD). The concentrations of tegafur, 5-FU, and uracil in the blood collected at the time of tumor resection were 9.68, 0.017, and 0.08 microgram/ml, respectively. In the patients with gastric cancer 5-FU concentration was 5.5 times higher in the normal mucosa, 3.3 times in lymph nodes, and 10.7 times in the tumor tissues than in the blood. In colorectal cancer patients, also, the 5-FU concentration was 5.6, 8.3 and 20.8 times higher in the normal mucosa, lymph nodes, and the tumor tissue, respectively, than in the blood. The 5-FU concentration in gastric cancer and colorectal cancer tissues decreased with time after administration of UFT but remained above the effective concentration 1.5-7 hours after administration of 200 mg. The tissue concentrations of FT-207, uracil, and 5-FU were correlated with each other.
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PMID:[Concentration of 5-fluorouracil in the blood and tissues of gastric and colo-rectal cancer patients after oral administration of UFT]. 144 83

Anti-ulcer drugs are amongst the world's most successful pharmaceutical products. Whilst the market for histamine H2 antagonists is maturing, that for proton pump inhibitors looks set to expand considerably during the 1990s. Indeed, by analogy with anti-hypertensive therapy, enzyme inhibitors could eventually supersede receptor antagonists for the treatment of acid-related diseases. Whether a third major cycle of innovative drugs will follow the cimetidine and omeprazole led discoveries of the 1970s and 80s is more difficult to predict given the efficacy of current agents, the declining incidence of ulcer disease, and the need to focus resources in areas of clinical need such as gastrointestinal cancer. Therapy targetted against Helicobacter pylori represents the most attractive option for developing the next generation of anti-ulcer drugs. A major initiative to eradicate H. pylori would be justified if such therapy also had utility in gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Future perspectives of ulcer therapy]. 147 74

The aim of the present study was to evaluate a new anticancer treatment for gastrointestinal cancer, using a combination of polyamine antimetabolites, an anticancer agent and a low-polyamine state. Two polyamine antimetabolites, given as either 40 mg/kg of methylglyoxal-bis-guanylhydrazone (MGBG) or ethylglyoxal-bis-guanylhydrazone (EGBG) and a normal diet (ND), or 20 mg/kg of each drug and a low polyamine diet (LPD), together with 1,000 mg/kg of alphadifluoromethylornithine (DFMO) were administered ip to nude mice for six consecutive days. Mitomycin C (MMC) at 2 mg/kg was then given ip for 3 alternate days. The combination of MGBG or EGBG with DFMO plus MMC resulted in an enhanced antitumor efficacy on LPD. However, the combination which included EGBG was much more enhanced than that which included MGBG and there was no evidence of any tumor regrowth. Weight loss was minimal or nil in the mice given the combination with EGBG, but was evident in those given the combination with MGBG. These results led to the conclusion that in mice, the combined therapy of EGBG with DFMO plus MMC and LPD is a safe and effective regimen for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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PMID:A novel anticancer treatment for xenoplanted human gastric cancer using polyamine antimetabolites in a low polyamine diet. 149 92


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