Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A prospective study with 647 gastric cancer was performed. Resected tumor specimens from 647 patients were examined with respect to eosinophil infiltration. Infiltration of the primary tumor by eosinophils was found to have a marked prognostic significance. Five years after the resection of tumor in the patients with gastric cancer, 29 of 51 patients (56.0%) who showed previously the infiltration of more than 100 eosinophils in tumor tissue were alive, while only 38.6% (61/158) of the patients with the infiltration of less than 100 eosinophils survived (P less than 0.05). Eosinophil infiltration in the resected tumor was detected in 157 patients (24%). The intensive degree of infiltration correlates well with a special pathologic type of cancer, poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, the size of tumor mass and preoperative blood eosinophilia. The extract from tumors with the marked eosinophilic infiltration was highly chemotactic for eosinophils in vitro. The eosinophil chemotactic activity was found to be heat-labile and nondialyzable. It was therefore considered most likely that eosinophil infiltration in the tumor and blood eosinophilia observed in some patients with gastric cancer were caused by an eosinophil chemotactic factor of gastric cancer and the good indication of the prolonged survival of the patients.
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PMID:Malignant tumor and eosinophils. I. Prognostic significance in gastric cancer. 374 57

The data on the treatment given to 312 cases of stomach cancer at city district hospitals in Leningrad were evaluated: 243 patients were more than 60 years old, concomittant pathology was apparent in 231 cases, 252 patients were hospitalized to avoid a fatal outcome and 161 patients were urgently operated on for such complications of stomach cancer as bleeding, perforation, peritonitis, and obstruction. Optimal extent of intervention was not determined in some cases due to the extremely poor condition of the patient, insufficient competence of the operating team and inadequate equipment. Radical surgery was performed in 31 cases, palliative resection--11 and other palliative and tentative procedures in 119 cases. The highest postoperative lethality rate (30.9%) was recorded in cases of minimal intervention limited to suturing of vessels and perforations as well as peritoneal cavity draining. Postoperative lethality was reduced to 15.5% and the same conditions whenever radical surgery, palliative resection or interventions eliminating complications by removing the primary cause were carried out. Removal of primary tumor eliminated complications radically, lowered postoperative mortality rates and improved the end results of treatment.
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PMID:[Emergency surgery in complicated forms of stomach cancer in middle-aged and elderly patients]. 387 92

A 36-year-old housewife in the U.S.A. was diagnosed as having gastric cancer with meningeal carcinomatosis and admitted to our hospital in September, 1982. She had severe headache, nausea, vomiting, diplopia and neck stiffness. She was treated by intrathecal chemotherapy using methotrexate, cytosine arabinoside and prednisolone, and by systemic chemotherapy using adriamycin and ftorafur, resulting in complete disappearance of cancer cells from the cerebrospinal fluid and partial response for the primary tumor. She lived for more than 1 year following the first symptoms of her disease and for 10 months following the initiation of chemotherapy. This case suggested the usefulness of employing an intrathecal chemotherapy using methotrexate and cytosine arabinoside with simultaneous systemic chemotherapy for meningeal carcinomatosis of gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Case report of meningeal carcinomatosis of gastric cancer successfully treated with intrathecal and systemic chemotherapy]. 391 54

A 56-year-old woman was diagnosed as having gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis and invasion to the pancreas head and was admitted to our hospital in September, 1984. She was treated with hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy, using radiofrequency-induced hyperthermia (8 MHz) with a daily dose of fractionations at 42-43 degrees C for 60 minutes, 5 fractions per week of irradiation at 180 cGy and systemic chemotherapy. After the total doses of hyperthermia and radiation had reached 11.8 hours and 2500 cGy, the primary tumor and lymph node metastasis measured by X-ray examination were reduced in size. On October 8th, laparotomy was done, and total gastrectomy combined with total pancreatectomy, left hepatic lobectomy and right hemicolectomy was performed. Histologically, almost all of the cancer cells in the primary tumor and lymph node metastasis had disappeared. These results show that this multimodal therapy is effective for local control of gastric cancer, when used preoperatively.
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PMID:[A case of gastric cancer successfully treated with hyperthermo-chemo-radiotherapy]. 392 89

We have performed experimental and clinical studies to observe whether higher concentrations of drugs are selectively delivered into tumor tissues through the tumor vessels and improved chemotherapy results were obtained by using noradrenaline in intraarterial chemotherapy. Noradrenaline administered into the tumor-feeding artery may enhance drug delivery into the tumor tissue and show improved chemotherapy results on Walker-256 formed tumor vessels. These advantages of using vasoconstrictive agents may be considered to be derived from the high injection pressure caused by increased vascular resistance and various other factors induced in abnormal microcirculation of the tumor vessels. MMC concentration in Walker-256 (weight 0.2 to 0.39 g) after intraarterial administration of 10 mg of MMC in 2.5 ml of physiological saline were 2.20 +/- 1.26 mcg/g (n = 11) in the noradrenaline group and 0.52 +/- 0.22 mcg/g (n = 13) in the MMC alone group. The 90-day survival ratio for intraarterial injection of 0.25 mg/kg of MMC and 2 mcg of noradrenaline was 42.9% (6/14), a result equivalent to a dose range of between 0.50 mg/kg and 0.75 mg/kg without the use of any vasoactive drug. The median survival periods for stomach cancer (Stage 4) after non-radical surgery by means of intraarterial chemotherapy with and without noradrenaline were, respectively, 12 months (n = 8) and 5.8 months (n = 6), with statistical significance (P greater than 0.05). Effective histological changes estimated microscopically by Takahashi's criteria of preoperative treatment in 31 stomach cancer patients were found in 11 patients (36.7%) with primary tumor and 12 patients (52.2%) with metastatic lymph nodes. A partial response rate of 54.5 (6/11) for hepatic tumor (Stages 3 to 4 according to was achieved with the use of the Ariel's classification) following regimen: intravenous injection of 70 mg/body of CDDP on the first day, followed by intraarterial injection of 0.1 to 0.4 mg/kg of MMC and 0.1 to 0.6 mg/kg of ADM together with 0.3 to 1.0 mg of noradrenaline in 40 to 100 ml of physiological saline for 3 to 20 minutes within one week after the first treatment. Most of the complications were due to hemorrhage from ulceration of the intestinal canal because of mucosal damage caused by the high concentration of anti-cancer drugs induced by noradrenaline. Decrease of hemoglobin of more than 1.0 g/dl was found in 19 out of 31 patients (61.3%) who received no treatment for bleeding, and in one out of 13 patients (7.7%) who was administered 200 mg of cimetidine twice a day for one week.
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PMID:[Intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy combine with noradrenalin administration (an improved antitumor effect using a cancerous blood vessel]. 393 58

Adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction (AE and GE) are uncommon neoplasms with a poor prognosis. AE or GE are usually analyzed as part of the larger group of carcinomas in patients with either epidermoid carcinoma of the esophagus or with gastric cancer. The prognostic variables and outcome of therapy for patients with AE and GE alone have not been well described. The records of 131 patients treated at Memorial Hospital during the period 1978 to 1982 were reviewed. The majority underwent surgery as their primary therapy. Clinical staging was found to be highly inaccurate, with almost all patients having Stage III disease at surgery. Operative mortality was 7.1%. Adjuvant chemotherapy did not appear to influence survival. Treatment of advanced disease with either conventional or investigational agents yielded modest objective response rates. Prognostic variables for those presenting with locoregional disease who were candidates for potentially curative surgery were analyzed. Only the presence or absence of weight loss and location of the primary tumor (AE versus GE) were significant variables. A model for predicting survival was employed.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction. Prognostic factors and results of therapy. 404 74

Eighteen patients with unresectable carcinoma of the stomach whose known malignant disease was confined to structures immediately adjacent to the primary tumor and could be encompassed within a radiotherapy field were treated with an intensive sequential combined modality regimen. The regimen consisted of 5-FU plus adriamycin chemotherapy, followed by high dose megavoltage radiation therapy with 5-FU given as a radiation sensitizer, followed by maintenance chemotherapy with 5-FU plus adriamycin plus methyl CCNU (FAMe). Our primary objective was to determine patient tolerability. Severe and prolonged anorexia, nausea, and decreased performance status occurred during and after high dose radiotherapy given twice daily in 150-170 cGy (rad) fractions when given with 5-FU. Lengthening intervals between treatment segments, and the use of one daily dose of radiation therapy combined with 5-FU or two fractions daily without 5-FU seemed to decrease nutritional complications. Control of tumor at the primary site appeared to be achieved in most patients. Distant metastases represented the predominant mode of treatment failure with only two patients currently without progression of malignant disease. Our treatment regimen as initially conceived was too toxic for general use. Improved therapeutic results in locally unresectable gastric cancer will require the development of more effective therapy for occult distant metastases.
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PMID:A pilot study to determine clinical tolerability of intensive combined modality therapy for locally unresectable gastric cancer. 404 45

The risk of second primary cancer was evaluated in 29,128 patients who developed tumors of the urinary tract, including benign and malignant tumors of the renal pelvis and ureter and bladder papillomas in Denmark between 1943 and 1980. Among 9,162 persons with kidney cancer, 416 developed a second primary tumor [relative risk (RR) = 1.4]. Among 19,966 persons with bladder cancer, 1,423 developed a second primary tumor against 1,239 expected (RR = 1.1). The risk of bladder cancer was increased following kidney cancer in both men (RR = 6.3) and women (RR = 10.1), and kidney cancer was increased in both men (RR = 2.9) and women (RR = 4.5) following bladder cancer. These risks were particularly pronounced for cancers occurring in the ureter and renal pelvis. Etiologic similarities are likely explanations for these observations, which also emphasize the role of host factors and the multifocal nature of urothelial tumors. A decrease in relative risks since diagnosis of the first primary cancer was seen that may partly be attributed to a lessening of the intensity of medical surveillance with time. Among long-term survivors with kidney cancer, increased risks were observed for colon and pancreatic cancers, which may be related to treatment; approximately 25% received radiotherapy. Among bladder cancer patients, increased risks of cancers of the lung and larynx occurred, probably due to tobacco smoking. A slight elevation of prostate cancer (RR = 1.3) may be attributable to medical surveillance. Unexpected findings were the significant deficits of cancers of the stomach and rectum among patients with bladder cancer and stomach cancer among those with kidney cancer.
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PMID:Second cancer following cancer of the urinary system in Denmark, 1943-80. 408 9

Two cases of gastric cancer were treated with immunochemotherapy using Tegafur and Schizophyllan. In one case, a marked reduction in the size of metastatic liver tumor and disappearance of most subjective symptoms were observed. The response continued even 8 months after the initial treatment. In the other case, no marked symptoms except occasional dysphagis have been noted for 2 years and 2 months since diagnosis, although the primary tumor size has remained unchanged. Thus, it is presumed that the combined immunochemotherapy regimen may be useful in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Immunochemotherapy with tegafur and schizophyllan for stomach cancer--report of 2 cases]. 622 94

Thirty patients with advanced gastric cancer were treated with a combination chemotherapy consisting of adriamycin 20-30 mg/m2 iv day 1 q3wks, mitomycin C 2.7-4 mg/m2 iv day 1 weekly, and ftorafur 267 mg/m2 po b.i.d. daily. Five (28%) of 18 patients with measurable lesions achieved partial responses with a median duration of 2 months ranging 1.5 to 8 months. The median survival time from initiation of the chemotherapy was 4 months in responders, and 5 months in non-responders, respectively. The response rate did not correlate with the various baseline parameters including initial performance status, resectability of the primary tumor, histologic differentiation of the tumor, and prior chemotherapy. Gastrointestinal and hematologic toxicities were mild and well manageable. Cumulative thrombocytopenia and renal damage probably due to mitomycin C, were seen in 5(17%) and 2(7%) patients, respectively. Clinical cardiotoxicity induced by adriamycin was observed in one patient. The result indicated that the enhancement of antitumor effect with a combination of adriamycin, mitomycin C, and ftorafur for advanced gastric cancer was not significantly remarkable as expected. Thus, further study will be required for obtaining more favorable result.
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PMID:[Combination chemotherapy of advanced gastric cancer with adriamycin, mitomycin C, and ftorafur]. 640 98


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