Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have established a metastatic model of human gastric cancer using orthotopic transplantation of histologically intact tissue in nude mice, and have used this model to evaluate the effects of immunochemotherapy using OK-432, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and mitomycin C (MMC) against SC-I-NU, a human stomach cancer line. One-quarter or one-half maximum tolerated doses (MTDs) of 5-FU or MMC resulted in a significant reduction of stomach tumor growth, while liver metastases were not reduced, possibly due to suppression of natural killer (NK)-cell activity by both drugs. On the other hand, when combined with OK-432, half MTDs of 5-FU and MMC significantly reduced liver metastases, with synergistic reduction of stomach tumor growth, possibly reflecting a rescue of NK-cell activity by treatment with OK-432. This metastatic model of human stomach cancer shows that locally growing and metastatic tumors may have different chemosensitivities, and provides the opportunity to test both with various treatment regimens.
 ...
PMID:Differential chemosensitivity of local and metastatic human gastric cancer after orthotopic transplantation of histologically intact tumor tissue in nude mice. 850 14

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in gastric cancer was evaluated in relation to lymph node metastasis. A total of 125 gastric cancer patients who underwent gastrectomy were studied immunohistochemically. The PCNA-positive rate of the primary lesion with lymph node metastasis (47.6%) was significantly higher than those in those without metastasis (24.3%, P < 0.0001). The PCNA-positive rate of early gastric cancer was significantly higher in lesions with lymph node metastasis (36.9%) than in lesions without lymph node metastasis (14.7%). However, there was no significant difference between lesions with and without lymph node metastasis in advanced gastric cancer. In addition, the PCNA-positive rate in metastatic lesions (44.6%) was significantly higher than that in the primary lesion (40.0%, P = 0.001). It is concluded that gastric cancer with higher tumor growth activity has a higher rate of lymph node metastasis. Cancer cells in the metastatic foci of lymph node have a higher proliferating activity than that in the primary lesion.
 ...
PMID:Significance of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in gastric cancer in relation to lymph node metastasis. 860 41

A group of structurally related drugs representing diverse therapeutic classes share, among a number of pharmacological properties, enhancement of tumor growth in several rodent models of malignancy. One common action, the inhibition of histamine binding to and catalytic activity of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, is highly correlated with potency to enhance tumor growth. Among members of this drug ensemble, the antiestrogen tamoxifen has been shown in controlled clinical studies to increase the incidence of uterine and gastrointestinal cancer and to accelerate the course of gastric cancer, and the tamoxifen analogue clomiphene has been linked to neuroblastoma and the tricyclic group of antidepressants to ovarian cancer. The determination of drug affinities for protein modulators of cell growth, proliferation, and transformation suggests a strategy for identifying at least some classes of chemicals that impart oncologic risks to humans.
 ...
PMID:Enhancement of tumor growth by drugs with some common molecular actions. 864 28

Helicobacter pylori infection is considered to be a risk factor for gastric cancer. A high prevalence of H. pylori infection and high gastric-cancer incidence are characteristic of the Estonian population. To evaluate the relationship between these 2 events, we studied the seroprevalence of H. pylori in gastric cancer patients (n = 182) and in healthy blood donors (n = 306). A relative anti-H. pylori IgG antibody activity, as detected by ELISA and immunoblot patterns, was correlated with age, stage of the disease and tumor morphology. A significantly higher H. pylori seroprevalence was found in patients in the early stages of tumor development compared with both advanced cancer patients and controls. No significant difference in H. pylori seroprevalence between patients with the intestinal and diffuse types of tumor growth was observed. A decline in the recognition of putatively cross-reacting (33-66 kDa) antigens was noted in the cancer group. The response to vacuolating toxin-related 85-kDa and CagA 120-kDa protein antigens was not altered and was observed more often in the younger group of cancer patients.
 ...
PMID:IgG immune response to Helicobacter pylori antigens in patients with gastric cancer as defined by ELISA and immunoblotting. 869 May 7

Retinoids are differentiating agents that have been used successfully for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. When combined with interferons, they are active in preventing second malignancies in patients with head and neck cancer. Our previous studies have demonstrated cytostatic effects of alltrans-retinoic acid (tRA) on SC-M1 gastric cancer cells in vitro. The activity of tRA and 13-cis-retinoic acid (cRA) on SC-M1 cells was compared both in vitro and in vivo in this study. Measurement of total cellular DNA was used to determine cell growth in vitro. The effect of retinoic acid on tumor growth was evaluated by implanting sustained release tRA or cRA pellets into athymic nude mice. The results showed that tRA was more potent than cRA in suppressing the growth of SC-M1 gastric cancer cells in vitro. Both tRA and cRA were effective in suppressing the growth of SC-M1 tumors in athymic nude mice. No change in the differentiation status and cell cycle phase distribution in excised tumors was observed. Side effects such as bone fractures and weight loss were observed in mice of both treatment groups. The results suggest that retinoic acid may provide therapeutic advantages for the treatment of gastric cancer.
 ...
PMID:In vitro and in vivo growth inhibition of SC-M1 gastric cancer cells by retinoic acid. 869 40

The effects of shock waves in combination with various anti-cancer agents i.e. Bleomycin (BLM), Cisplatin (CDDP) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on tumor cells suspended in media containing these agents were examined. GCIY cells derived from human gastric cancer and LS 174T and SW480 cells derived from human colon cancers were used for in vitro experiments; GCIY and SW480 cells were also transplanted into nude mice for in vivo study. It was only with BLM that enhancement was evident in all three cell lines, with a degree of chemotherapeutic enhancement proportional to the amount of shock wave energy applied. Ladder formation of DNA in GCIY cells was observed only when treated with both BLM and shock waves in combination. When SW480 and GCIY cells transplanted into the backs of nude mice were treated with a combination of intravenously (i.v.) injected BLM and regional exposure to shock waves, a significant enhancement of chemotherapeutic effects was observed in terms of the tumor growth curve.
 ...
PMID:Enhancement of chemotherapeutic effects with focused shock waves: extracorporeal shock wave chemotherapy (ESWC). 879 42

The clinicopathological features of 31 young patients with early gastric cancer, defined as under 40 years of age, were reviewed retrospectively from hospital records between 1969 and 1993. The results were compared with those for 549 patients 40 years of age or older. Early gastric cancer was found in 36.0% of the younger patients with gastric cancers and in 36.3% of the older patients with those. The gender ratio of m/f was 1.21 for the younger patients and 2.37 for the older patients. The macroscopic characteristics of early gastric cancer for the younger patients were superficial depressed lesions and a larger tumor size. The distinguished histologic features of early gastric cancer for the younger patients were a diffuse type of cancer and infiltrative tumor growth with a scirrhous stroma. More extensive lymph node dissection was performed on the younger patients than on the older patients. The younger patients had a prognosis similar to that of the older patients. We conclude that early gastric cancer in young patients possesses histological aggressiveness, but those patients rather show a similar survival to older patients.
 ...
PMID:Early gastric cancer in young adults. 887 65

A new method of biochemical modulation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) was studied experimentally. Nude mice transplanted with cells of the human gastric cancer cell line MKN28 were divided into 4 groups, i.e., control, 5-FU, AZT, and 5-FU plus AZT, and the antitumor activities were compared. Based on the assessment of tumor volume, significant suppression of tumor growth was observed in the 5-FU and 5-FU plus AZT groups (P<0.05, P<0.01, versus control, respectively). The thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibition rate, an index of inhibition of the de novo pathway, was significantly higher in the 5-FU and 5-FU plus AZT groups than in the control group (P<0.01), but it did not differ from the control in the AZT group. TS-bound FdUMP tended to be higher in the 5-FU plus AZT group than in the 5-FU group. The activity of thymidine kinase (TK) and the uptake ratio of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), indices of salvage pathway activity, were significantly lower in the AZT and 5-FU plus AZT groups than in the control group (TK, P< 0.05, P < 0.01; uptake ratio of BrdU, P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively). There were slight losses of body weight in the 5-FU and 5-FU plus AZT groups compared with that in the control group, but no difference between the AZT and control groups in weight loss. These findings suggest that addition of AZT plays an important role in potentiating the antitumor activity of 5-FU through both blockage of a compensatory increase of activity in the salvage pathway and also an increase in TS-bound FdUMP, and has no adverse effects. Thus, the combination of 5-FU and AZT could be useful as a new modality in gastric cancer chemotherapy.
 ...
PMID:Experimental studies on potentiation of the antitumor activity of 5-fluorouracil with 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine for the gastric cancer cell line MKN28 in vivo. 904 2

The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein which overexpressed in the majority of human gastric cancers. We demonstrated that recombinant adenoviral vector (AdCEAtk), containing the CEA promoter, could transfer the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVtk) gene into CEA-producing gastric cancer cells to confer sensitivity to ganciclovir (GCV) in vivo. In an ex vivo experiment, the tumor growth was inhibited after GCV treatment when the tumor contained more than 20% of AdCEAtk infected cells, indicating an efficient bystander killing effect. With intra-tumoral injection of AdCEAtk, the HSVtk were selectively expressed in approximately 30% of CEA producing cancer cells. By AdCEAtk injection and GCV administration, the growth of tumors was significantly inhibited by 20% as compared to untreated tumors. It is hoped that these results provide a strategy of tumor specific gene transfer for CEA producing gastric cancers.
 ...
PMID:Adenovirus-mediated gene therapy of gastric carcinoma using cancer-specific gene expression in vivo. 907 Aug 91

This study aims to determine prognostic indicators among patient-, tumor-, and treatment-related factors of gastric cancer patients. A total of 510 patients who underwent curative gastric resection were studied. Univariate analysis of patient-related factors showed a significantly lower survival in patients with a history of obstruction, hypoalbuminemia, and anemia. Tumor-related factors including gross appearance, location, and size of tumor; depth of cancer invasion; level, number, and frequency of lymph node metastasis; stromal reaction and tumor growth pattern; and histological classification all significantly affected survival. Surgical treatment related factors such as total or distal subtotal gastrectomy, extent of lymphadenectomy, and combined resection of adjacent organ(s) showed a statistically significant adverse influence on survival. Multivariate analysis identified only four tumor-related factors-number of metastatic lymph nodes, depth of cancer invasion, stromal reaction, and gross appearance of the tumor-as independently affecting survival. These findings suggest that only four tumor-related factors were prognostic indicators in patients with gastric cancer.
 ...
PMID:Prognostic indicators for survival after curative resection for patients with carcinoma of the stomach. 920 Oct 93


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>