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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of Laserthermia plus chemotherapy on a human gastric cancer transplanted into nude mice was investigated. Three different treatment regimes were tested. The relative tumor growth rate according to the Battele Columbus Laboratories protocol, was as follows. 5-FU chemotherapy, 54%; Laserthermia, 31%; and combined treatment with 5-FU and Laserthermia, 21%. The greatest degree of tumor regression was achieved in the combined therapy group. It is suggested that the combination therapy of Laserthermia plus antitumor agents may be useful in the treatment of gastric cancer in humans.
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PMID:A combination of Laserthermia and chemotherapy for the treatment human gastric cancers transplanted into nude mice. 213 50

A mathematical model incorporating the processes of both cancer induction and subsequent tumor growth has been developed. The model was applied to incidence data of stomach classified into histologic subtypes: papillary adenocarcinoma (PAP), well and moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinomas (WEL and MOD), poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (POR), mucinous adenocarcinoma (MUC) and signet-ring cell carcinoma (SIG). The multistage theory was assumed for cancer induction as in the Armitage-Doll model. For the period of growth, exponential growth was assumed and clinical surfacing was formulated as a stochastic process related to tumor diameter. The number of stages in cancer induction and the tumor growth rate were simultaneously estimated for each histologic subtype using the maximum likelihood procedure. The present model showed better fits than the Armitage-Doll model in most histologic subtypes except WEL, PAP, WEL and MOD, which are characterized as differentiated subtypes with less mucous production, showed different features from POR, MUC and SIG: 1) the number of stages was estimated to be larger, 2) the differences in incidence rates between males and females were more marked, and 3) males tended to have larger growth rates in PAP and MOD, while in POR, MUC and SIG, females had larger values. The present study showed that an analysis by histologic subtypes is of importance in stomach cancer and that the period of tumor growth should not be ignored when formulating a model of the natural history of stomach cancer.
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PMID:Analysis of stomach cancer incidence by histologic subtypes based on a mathematical model of multistage cancer induction and exponential growth. 217 1

The production of a tumor growth inhibitory factor (TGIF) was induced in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by a streptococcal preparation, OK-432, in vitro. The antitumor effect of locally injecting PBMC treated with OK-432 into the tumor site was studied. PBMC were collected from patients with gastric cancer 5 to 12 days before their operation, and cultured with OK-432 for 24 hr in vitro. After the culture, the PBMC were washed thoroughly to eliminate the OK-432. The washed PBMC went on producing TGIF for more than 72 hr in vitro in the absence of OK-432. A small number of TGIF-producing PBMC, approximately 10(7) cells, were injected around the lesion under endoscopic observation. A remarkable antitumor effect was observed in 2 out of 10 cases of resectable gastric cancer. Histological examinations indicated that the antitumor effect is due to antitumor cytokines such as TGIF produced by PBMC rather than to the OK-432-activated PBMC themselves.
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PMID:The antitumor effects of locally injecting human peripheral blood mononuclear cells treated with OK-432 into the tumor site: the possible role of a tumor growth inhibitory factor (TGIF). 230 90

The antitumor activity of ME 2303 was evaluated on 3 human stomach and 3 colon cancers xenografted to nude mice, which were established in our laboratory. The activity was compared with that of doxorubicin in terms of the inhibition of tumor growth and the histopathological changes. The dosage of ME 2303 was 35 or 50 mg/kg and that of doxorubicin was 5 mg/kg. Both drugs were administered intravenously 4 times at 5-day intervals. Thirty-five mg/kg of ME 2303 was effectively inhibited tumor growth against 3 lines, with marked efficacy against 2 lines. On the other hand, 50 mg/kg of ME 2303 was also effective against 4 lines tested (2 each of gastric and colorectal cancers), with marked efficacy against 3. In all, ME 2303 was more effective than doxorubicin except one of stomach cancer. The histopathological findings also revealed that 35 mg/kg of ME 2303 was equal or slightly superior to doxorubicin in efficacy. The side effects of ME 2303 such as weight loss were as mild as those with doxorubicin, except in the female mice administered 30 mg/kg of ME 2303 and no other adverse effect was observed. ME 2303 seems promising for clinical application in human since the increased efficacy in nude mice human xenograft might be found after more adequate modification of the dosage and administration schedule.
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PMID:[Antitumor activities of ME 2303 on human gastrointestinal cancer xenografted to nude mice]. 235 Jan 90

Enhancement of the antitumor effects of adriamycin (ADR) by concomitant use of degradable starch microspheres (DSM) and pharmacokinetics of ADR in combination with DSM was investigated. An intra-arterial chemotherapy model of the nude rats transplanted of human gastric cancer xenografts (H-154) in the hind-limbs was used for this study. Drug was administered through a catheter inserted into the carotid artery with the tip in the common iliac artery. In the pharmacological study, increase of regional uptake of ADR and decrease of systemic distribution of ADR were recognized in some degree. DSM 30 mg/kg, which caused temporary arrest of blood flow in the tumor, had an only weak effect on tumor growth. ADR 3 mg/kg mixed with DSM 30 mg/kg was more effective than ADR 3 mg/kg solution. Furthermore, mixture of ADR 2 mg/kg and DSM 30 mg/kg had a greater effect on tumor growth than ADR 2 mg/kg following DSM 30 mg/kg. It seems that embolization by DSM, retention of ADR in regional tissues and cytotoxic effect of ADR have contributed to such a strong effect of ADR mixed with DSM.
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PMID:[Enhanced effect of intra-arterial adriamycin administration in combination with degradable starch microspheres on an intra-arterial chemotherapy model of nude rats transplanted of human gastric cancer]. 235 88

The antitumor effect of combined use of UFT and verapamil, a calcium antagonist, was examined in gastric cancer transplanted to BALB/c athymic nude mice. Four experimental groups included Group I (Control) which was administered 3% Gummi Alabicum (p.o.), Group II (UFT) which was administered 64.8 mg/kg UFT (p.o.), Group III (UFT + verapamil) which was administered UFT and 10 mg/kg verapamil (s.c.) and Group IV (verapamil) which administered same doses of verapamil. All mice were sacrificed at the day of 12 and pathological and flow cytometric studies were performed to those tumors. At the day of 8, significant retardation of tumor growth was observed in Group II and Group III compared with Group I (P less than 0.05). The ratio of tumor retardation of Group III was more predominant than that of Group II at the day of 9 (p less than 0.05). However, no difference in pathological and flow cytometric changes was observed between Group II and Group III. Weight loss and death, as side effects, were found in Group II and III. It was assumed that this may be depend on the over dose of UFT or methods of administration. These results suggested that combination chemotherapy of UFT and verapamil was effective in the retardation of gastric cancer, however the doses of UFT and verapamil have to be reexamined in order to control the side effect.
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PMID:[Experimental study on combination chemotherapy of UFT and calcium antagonist in gastric cancer]. 249 67

Fourteen days' culture of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) with recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL 2) or T cell growth factor (TCGF) results in the generation of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) effector cells which have the unique property of lysing natural killer (NK)-resistant human tumor cells, Daudi, as well as NK-sensitive, K562 cells. LAK cells were generated from both normal and gastric cancer patients' PBL. However, LAK cell activities induced by rIL 2 or TCGF decreased with the progress of the tumor growth. In addition, TCGF-induced LAK cell activities were found to be lower than the rIL 2-induced LAK cell activities. Different mechanisms may be involved in the decreases of the rIL 2-induced and TCGF-induced LAK cell activities. This study further demonstrates that the cell types involved are also heterogeneous, as determined by phenotypic characteristics. The LAK-effector cell type was analyzed by two-color flow cytometry. RIL 2-induced LAK cells showed increased proportions of CD4+Leu 8- and Leu 7+CD16-, and a decreased proportion of CD8+CD11- cells, which are believed to be associated with killer T cell functions. In contrast, TCGF-induced LAK cells revealed significantly increased proportions of CD8+CD11- and CD4+Leu8- cells, and a decreased proportion of Leu 7+CD16- cells. Thus, LAK cells with different surface phenotypes were induced by the cultivations with rIL 2 and with TCGF.
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PMID:Differential activation of lymphokine-activated killer cells with different surface phenotypes by cultivation with recombinant interleukin 2 or T-cell growth factor in gastric cancer patients. 249 49

Hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) is a photosensitizer for use in photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this paper, HPD was conjugated with monoclonal antibodies 3G9 or 3H11 for use against gastric cancer in order to enhance the photosensitive effect and reduce side effect of PDT. The biological activities of the McAb conjugates were demonstrated. The killing effect on BGC-823 cells of 3G9-HPD or 3H11-HPD conjugates plus exposure to light showed 17 fold and 8.6 fold greater cytotoxicity, respectively than free HPD at an equivalent HPD concentration in vitro. When 3G9-HPD and 3H11-HPD were used in combination at 7:3, 5:5 and 3:7 proportion, the cytotoxicity was increased 12.9, 11.8 and 9.4 fold on target cells, respectively. The results indicate that the cytotoxicity was not further enhanced by the combination scheme. When tumor-bearing nude mice were treated with the different conjugates. Significant inhibition of tumor growth was observed and the survival period of animals was markedly prolonged in comparison with PBS, free HPD and NIgG-HPD treated groups.
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PMID:[Experimental study of anti-tumor effect with conjugates of monoclonal antibodies and hematoporphyrin derivative]. 253 54

Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) in serum of cancer patients was measured by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the effect of sTfR for natural killer cytotoxicity was also studied. The statistical values of sTfR levels in sera were found to be 250 +/- 77 U (Mean +/- SD) in healthy individuals, while 288 +/- 162 U in chronic liver disease, 402 +/- 290 U in hepatocellular carcinoma, 429 +/- 261 U in gastric cancer, 347 +/- 207 U in acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma, and 251 +/- 100 U in other cancer. No significant difference in the sTfR levels among the patients was observed, although the difference between the healthy individuals and the patient groups was shown to be statistically significant at p less than 0.01 level. The effect of sTfR isolated from serum of a patient with iron-deficiency anemia by means of Sephadex G-200 column for natural killer activity was carried out. Cytotoxicity of natural killer cell in healthy individuals was inhibited by sTfR as the dose dependent manner, and the inhibitory rate was found to be 23.1 +/- 12.8% (Mean +/- SD) when the concentration of the sTfR was 1,250 U added in the cytotoxicity test. Furthermore, the inhibitory activity of serum in cancer patients was correlated with the sTfR level. These results suggest that sTfR is one of the inhibitory factors for the natural killer cell activity in vivo, and the factor could be facilitated for tumor growth and metastasis. Therefore, the measurement of sTfR in serum may be useful for monitoring immunological competency in cancer patients.
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PMID:[Elevation of soluble transferrin receptor substance in serum of cancer patients with suppressed natural killer activity]. 261 80

The murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb)3H11 against human gastric cancer was purified with affinity column and conjugated with Mitomycin C (MMC). The binding activity of MoAb in the conjugate retained more than 90% of the original MoAb 3H11 when the molar ratios of MMC to 3H11 was 7-8:1. The killing rate of 3H11-MMC conjugate on human gastric cancer cells BGC 823 was increased significantly than that of free MMC in vitro. The selective cytotoxicity was verified with the following results: (1) the cytotoxicity of the conjugate was much higher than that of normal mouse IgG (nMuIgG) conjugated with MMC; (2) when breast cancer cells MCF-7 was used as target cells instead of BGC 823 cells, much lower cytotoxicity of the conjugate was observed; (3) the cytotoxicity of the conjugate on BGC823 cells could be blocked when the target cells was preincubated with MoAb 3H11, but not with MoAb 3G9 which did combine with BGC823 cells at binding sites different from MoAb 3H11. Nude mice were inoculated with BGC823 cells as a model of gastric cancer and treated with conjugate 3H11-MMC, nMuIgG-MMC, MMC or PBS (ip). It was shown that the time of tumor formation and the rate of tumor growth in 3H11-MMC conjugate treated animals were significantly different from that in control groups. The rate of inhibition of tumor weights was 60.4% for the conjugate 3H11-MMC treated group which was significantly higher than for other groups.
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PMID:[The selective cytotoxicity of monoclonal antibody conjugated with mitomycin C on human gastric cancer cells]. 261 75


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