Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Based on the findings that the enhancement of serum alpha 2-macroglobulin (A2M) is associated with the occurrence of infectious complications following surgery in patients with esophageal cancer, we examined possible factors which could contribute to the alterations of serum acute phase protein levels in patients with this disease. A multiple linear regression analysis was made for 71 patients with esophageal cancer and 58 with gastric cancer. In patients with esophageal cancer, protein calorie malnutrition (PCM) and age factors more strongly contributed to the alteration of 6 acute phase protein levels than did the malignant tumor when compared to those with gastric acner. PCM was negatively associated with A2M levels while it was positively associated with alpha 1-acidglycoprotein (A1AG) and haptoglobin (Hp) levels. Age did not contribute to the A2M levels but did have a negative effect on the Hp, ceruloplasmin (Cp) and fibronectin (Fn) levels. On the other hand, the malignant tumor was positively related only to the A1AG levels. Since none of these factors contributed to the elevation of A2M levels, it is suggested that the presence of chronic infection might be a factor contributing to the A2M increase which was associated with the occurrence of postoperative infectious complications in patients with this disease.
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PMID:Factors influencing the acute phase protein levels in patients with esophageal cancer. 172 Apr 74

Severe septic complications are the major cause of operative mortality in patients with esophageal cancer. We examined the levels of acute phase proteins together with infection-related complications after surgery in a large number of patients with esophageal cancer and compared them with a group of patients with gastric cancer and healthy controls. Elevations in alpha 1-antitrypsin, alpha 1-acidglycoprotein, haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin were evident in patients with esophageal cancer, being more predominant when compared to the findings in patients with gastric cancer. Although the mean levels of alpha 2-macroglobulin were not significantly elevated in either patients with esophageal cancer or those with gastric cancer, the average level immediately prior to surgery was higher in esophageal cancer patients with postoperative septic complications than in those without any such problems. Preoperative radiation therapy and total parenteral nutrition did not significantly alter the levels of acute phase proteins. It would thus appear that the elevation in alpha 2-macroglobulin is associated with the occurrence of infectious complications following surgery in patients with esophageal cancer.
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PMID:Acute phase proteins and infectious complications after surgery for esophageal cancer. 172 19

The present study attempted to get insight into the etiology of bladder cancer by investigating the relation of this neoplasia to other 4 cancers as regards their risk variations in time and space. The results obtained are as follows: 1) Caucasians in Western countries were more inclined to develop bladder cancer than other ethnic groups, as compared among 43 population units of the world in terms of the age-adjusted incidence rate (AAIR). 2) In the same 43 comparison sets, male populations were always higher than female populations in their bladder cancer risks. The male to female ratio for the majority of the populations ranged from 3 to 4. In some population units, the ratios were much higher. In both male and female populations, the cancer risk increased with age. 3) Bladder cancer incidence in the world has been rising during the past 20 years, as detected in the follow-up study of 16 population units. 4) A negative linear relationship was detected for both sexes between bladder cancer and stomach cancer (non-Western type) regarding their log-transformed AAIRs, as calculated with data of the same 16 population units from 1960 through 1980. The same calculation with the esophagus cancer-bladder cancer pair gave marginally negative and no correlations respectively in the male and female populations. A positive linear relationship was detected in the comparison of bladder cancer with 2 Western type cancers (cancers of the colon and lung). 5) Japanese immigrants to the US were just in between Whites in the US (high-risk populations) and native Japanese (low-risk populations) in their bladder cancer risks. The same Japanese immigrants were again just in between Whites in the US (low-risk populations) and native Japanese (high-risk populations) in their stomach cancer risks. In conclusion, bladder cancer is a Western type cancer with sex and age discriminations in its occurrence. The cancer risk also varies depending on the life style of a population (environment dependent). The results obtained are discussed from the point of view of endocrinological oncology.
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PMID:Interrelation between western type cancers and non-western type cancers as regards their risk variations in time and space. III. A contrast between bladder cancer and stomach cancer. 176 62

Although cases of simultaneous invasive cancer of the esophagus and primary gastric cancer have been reported sporadically, the incidence of the association of superficial esophageal cancer and early gastric cancer is extremely low. In this paper we report on two cases of the rare combination of superficial squamous cell cancer of the esophagus and simultaneous early adenocarcinoma of the stomach. A total of 18 such cases in the literature are reviewed and discussed with respect to surgical procedure and the choice of alimentary tract for the reconstruction of the esophagus.
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PMID:Simultaneous superficial squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus and early gastric adenocarcinoma. 177 90

Phosphotyrosine-containing proteins in various human cancer cell lines were studied by immunoblotting with anti-phosphotyrosine antibody. Of 29 cell lines derived from oral epidermoid cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and malignant melanoma, 3 of the 6 gastric cancer cells showed aberrant elevation of tyrosine-specific phosphorylation. On the other hand, both esophageal cancer cells and colon cancer cells, which were reported to have amplified epidermal growth factor receptor and activated p60v-src kinase, respectively, showed no apparent elevation of tyrosine-specific phosphorylation, and their profiles of phosphorylation were similar to that of normal human fibroblasts. Two gastric cancer cells, NUGC-4 and MKN-45, showed similar profiles of phosphorylation but their responses to growth factors differed from each other. Tyrosine phosphorylation in NUGC-4 was strongly activated by treatment with epidermal growth factor and quickly reduced by the acid treatment which is effective in removing growth factors from cellular surface receptors. On the contrary, phosphorylation in MKN-45 did not respond to either growth factor or acid treatment. These results suggest that NUGC-4 and MKN-45 have tyrosine kinases which are activated by different mechanisms but share similar substrates.
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PMID:Aberrant elevation of tyrosine-specific phosphorylation in human gastric cancer cells. 177 66

Based on data indicating that decreases in body weight (BW), arm muscle circumference (AMC), and rapid-turnover proteins (RTPs) correlate with fatal septic complications after surgery for esophageal cancer, we examined possible factors contributing to protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM) in patients with this disease. Eight parameters of nutritional status were assessed. Associations between sex, age, stage of cancer, and degree of dysphagia and PCM were analyzed via multiple linear regression for 75 patients with esophageal cancer and 58 with gastric cancer. These four factors independently contributed to PCM in patients with esophageal cancer, whereas malignant tumor and age contributed to PCM in those with gastric cancer. The degree of dysphagia was related to decreases in serum albumin and RTP and weakly related to decreases in BW and AMC. Stage of cancer, age, and sex were associated with reductions in albumin and/or RTP. Thus, we conclude that simple starvation, malignant tumor, age, and sex contribute to PCM and probably to the occurrence of fatal septic complications postoperatively.
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PMID:Factors related to malnutrition in patients with esophageal cancer. 180 92

K-SAM gene was originally isolated as an amplified gene in a stomach cancer cell line by in-gel DNA renaturation method. K-SAM encodes a membrane receptor with tyrosine kinase and is often amplified in poorly differentiated type of stomach cancer, while c-ERBB-2 is often amplified in well differentiated type of stomach cancer. There are several forms of K-SAM mRNAs which are generated by alternative splicing, and two types of K-SAM protein without transmembrane region. The ligand of K-SAM is considered to be growth factor(s) belonging to fibroblast growth factor (FGF) or heparin binding growth factor (HBFG) family. We have also frequently found amplification of HST-1 or HSTF1 gene in esophageal cancer. HST-1 gene, originally found as a transforming gene, is located on human chromosome 11q13, and it locates 35 kbp apart from its related gene, INT-2. Neither of the genes was expressed even in cancer cells with the co-amplification. By cosmid walking, we have identified at least two genes, designated tentatively as EXP1 and EXP2, on the same amplicon as HST-1 and INT-2, and the mRNAs for EXP1 and EXP2 genes were increased in amounts proportional to the degree of amplification.
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PMID:Biological significance of gene amplification in carcinogenesis. 184 51

A rare case of esophageal carcinoma metastasizing to early gastric cancer is reported herein. A 66 year old man who had experienced dysphagia for 8 months was preoperatively diagnosed as simultaneously having esophageal and gastric cancers. Thus, a lower esophagectomy and total gastrectomy with paraesophageal and paragastric lymph node dissection were performed. The surgical specimen revealed an ulcerative tumor in the lower esophagus and a slightly depressed lesion with a central elevation similar to that of early type IIc + IIa gastric cancer in the upper part of the stomach. Microscopically, the esophageal tumor was revealed to be well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma while the gastric tumor was found to be early gastric cancer with a metastatic focus of esophageal cancer in the center. Though less than one hundred cases of metastasis of cancer to cancer have previously been reported, metastasis from cancer of one digestive organ to that of another digestive organ is very rare. To our knowledge, this report represents the first case of an esophageal carcinoma metastasizing to a gastric carcinoma.
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PMID:Metastasis of cancer to cancer: report of a case of esophageal carcinoma metastasizing to early gastric cancer. 185 41

Correlations between defective cell-mediated immunity (CMI) and infections following surgery for esophageal cancer were evaluated. Peripheral lymphocytes, T cells, B cells, PHA transformation, and PPD skin test were measured in 81 patients with esophageal cancer, 58 with gastric cancer, and 50 healthy controls. The depression of CMI was predominant to a similar extent in patients with esophageal cancer and in those with gastric cancer. The average level of PHA transformation immediately before surgery was significantly lower in the esophageal cancer patients with fatal septic complications than in those without such problems. Although preoperative radiation therapy markedly depressed the levels of the four parameters, this association was also noted in 28 patients not given radiation. It thus appears that PHA transformation may be valuable in the prediction of fatal septic complications after major surgery in patients with esophageal cancer.
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PMID:Complications of infection and immunologic status after surgery for patients with esophageal cancer. 189 Aug 35

Severe septic complications account for the high mortality of patients with esophageal cancer. We examined the levels of immunoglobulins and complements together with infection-related complications in a large number of patients. Enhancements of IgG, IgA, C3, C4, and CH50 were evident in patients with esophageal cancer and were more predominant compared to findings in cases of gastric cancer. Average levels of IgG and IgA immediately before surgery were significantly higher in esophageal cancer patients with postoperative septic complications than in those without such problems. Preoperative radiation therapy and total parenteral nutrition did not significantly alter the levels of immunoglobulins and complements. It would thus appear that the enhancement of IgG and IgA is associated with the occurrence of infectious complications following surgery for patients with esophageal cancer.
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PMID:Enhanced immunoglobulin levels correlate with infectious complications after surgery in esophageal cancer. 189 52


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