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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Age-adjusted mortality rates (MRs) in all four population groups in the RSA (age range 25 - 74 years) for different types of cancer were compared and ranked. Lung and stomach cancer had the highest MRs in white, Indian and coloured males. In white males lung cancer ranked 1st (MR more than twice as high as that for stomach cancer), while in Indian and coloured males stomach cancer ranked 1st and lung cancer 2nd. The MR for lung cancer in coloured males was a little higher than that in white males. In black males oesophageal cancer ranked 1st and liver cancer 2nd. In white females breast cancer ranked 1st and lung cancer 2nd. In coloured females cancer of the cervix ranked 1st followed by cancer of the breast and of the stomach. In black females cancer of the oesophagus and of the liver ranked 2nd and 3rd after cancer of the cervix, and in Indian females the rank order was stomach cancer 1st, breast cancer 2nd, and cervical cancer 3rd. Cancers of the rectum and bladder were low in the rank order in both males and females of all four population groups. The main feature of age-specific MRs for the more common cancers was the fact that MRs for stomach cancer in both coloured males and females were relatively high in the younger age groups. Also, the MRs for cancer of the cervix in coloured and black females were not only higher at all ages (except in the highest age group in blacks) but were particularly high in the younger age groups compared with figures for the other populations.
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PMID:Comparison and ranking of cancer mortality rates in the various populations of the RSA in 1970. 398 39

A Japanese pathologist's contribution to the discussion of the problem on differentiation of hyperplasia from neoplasia is to introduce his experience and knowledge in human and experimental pathology of gastric, hepatic, and uterine cervical cancers, all of which are prevalent in Japan. Canine and rodent gastric cancers induced experimentally by N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine or N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, respectively, show different histologic types which are similar to human gastric cancer when examined routinely by endoscopic method. Dogs show more similarities to human gastric cancer than rats in the morphologic features and responses to chemotherapy. Serial liver biopsies performed on patients with liver diseases revealed the final stages of liver cell carcinoma in some of them. They all progressed to liver cirrhosis before terminating in carcinoma. However, this does not mean that the hyperplastic nodule is an obligatory precursor of carcinoma in human. Among experimental models of liver cancer produced by a large number of agents, only carbon tetrachloride and luteoskyrin seem to induce liver cell carcinoma combined with cirrhotic lesions in rodents. The mode of manifestation of atypical changes in the proliferating cells as preneoplastic or neoplastic lesions seems to differ according to tissue. The cellular pathology of cervicovaginal smears is a reliable index for detection of carcinoma in the cervix, where the appearance of atypical cells represents a landmark between benign and malignant tumors.
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PMID:How does Japan differentiate hyperplasia from neoplasia? 404 65

Primary liver cancer incidence data from 30 populations reported in Cancer Incidence in Five Continents were analyzed. After adjustment for time trends, log incidence increases linearly with log age. Liver cancer risk increases more rapidly with age than that of colon cancer, stomach cancer, or lung cancer in non-smokers; it increases less rapidly than that of prostatic cancer or of lung cancer in smokers. Over the past 20 years, most populations have been found to have increasing age-adjusted liver cancer incidence. There is no correlation between change in rates and magnitude of rates. Male rates are higher than female rates and the ratio of the two tends to be higher in high-risk areas.
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PMID:Age and cohort effects in primary liver cancer. 632 24

The geographical differences in mortality from cancer of seven sites of the digestive organs and consumption of foods in 46 of the prefectures, excluding Okinawa and their capital cities were statistically observed. The groups of foods statistically associated with cancer death are: pork, cooking oil and shochu (low class distilled spirits) for esophageal cancer; fresh fish, salted fish, vegetables and alcoholic beverages for stomach cancer; alcoholic beverages, salted or dried fish, vegetables, bread, milk, butter, margarine, ketchup, beer and fresh fish for colonic cancer; fresh fish, salted or dried fish, salt and popular grade sake for rectal cancer; pork, popular grade sake and green tea for cancer of the biliary passages; salted or dried fish, vegetables, alcoholic beverages, oil and fresh fish for pancreatic cancer; beef, poultry, eggs and vinegar for liver cancer. Further epidemiological analyses are required to find the biological causal relationships.
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PMID:[Geographical difference of mortality of digestive cancers and food consumption]. 651 19

The author indicates briefly the results from the statistical and epidemiological studies of cancer in Spain. Between 1903 and 1978 cancer mortality passed from 39.00 per 100.000 to 152.4 per 100.000, and sex distribution from 43% men and 56% women to 57% men and 42% women. Cancer represented 1.52% of the total mortality in 1903 and 18.95% in 1978. The largest incidence of cancer diseases is observed for ages between 45 and 75 years in men, with a maximum at 60, and between 40 and 71 years in women, with a maximum at 55. In all Spanish regions the most frequent mortal localizations are lung cancer among men and mammary cancer among women. The second place corresponds to stomach cancer in both sexes. Other important causes of death are the tumors of the prostate, liver, urinary bladder, larynx, colon and rectum, hematopoietic system, and esophagus in man, and the neoplasms of liver, lung, body of the uterus, colon and rectum, hematopoietic system and gallbladder and bile ducts in women. It is surprising the high frequency of primitive liver cancer in some regions, reaching an incidence of 4.39% in Tarragona and 6.07% in Zaragoza.
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PMID:[Statistical research and epidemiology in oncology]. 654 66

The precision of CA 19-9 RIA kit was evaluated by recovery, reproducibility and dilution test with very satisfactory results. The CA 19-9 value in sera from 52 healthy individuals and from 224 patients with gastric intestinal cancer and other benign disease, showed an increased positive rate in several cases of gastric intestinal cancer. For example, the positive rate in pancreatic cancer, bile duct cancer, colo-rectal cancer, gastric cancer, esophagus cancer, primary biliary cirrhosis diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis was 60%, 75%, 55.6%, 45.6%, 20%, 28.6%, 22.7%, 13.7% and 1.7% respectively. By contrast, values from patients with acute hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, fatty liver, gastric duodenal ulcer, pancreatitis, and primary liver cancer were within the normal range. In this study, CA 19-9 RIA were found to be significant as an adjunct in the management of patients with gastrointestinal cancer, especially pancreatic cancer, and bile duct cancer.
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PMID:[Serum determination of CA 19-9 in patients with digestive cancers and its diagnostic evaluation]. 658 10

Changes in environments and life styles in Japan have caused the recent changes in the time trends of cancer incidence for various sites. Using the data from the Osaka Cancer Registry, time trends during 1966-80 were analysed for cancer incidence of the leading 5 sites: stomach, lung, liver, uterus and breast. Age-adjusted incidence rates of cancers of the stomach (both sexes) and uterus (invasive cancer) decreased to 75% and 64% respectively between the two periods of 1966-68 and 1978-80 while cancers of the lung, liver, and breast reached 163%, 140%, and 143 % during the same period. Decrease of stomach cancer incidence was observed in all age-groups under 79, however, not in the 25-44 age-groups among females. Analyzing the histological data in the registry, it was noticed that estimated incidence of the intestinal type of stomach carcinoma had decreased more rapidly than the diffuse type. In the 30-49 age-groups among females, no decrease was observed of the diffuse type of carcinoma. Concerning lung cancer, a marked increase was observed over 60 years of age. The age-specific incidence curves by birth cohort showed no or very small cohort effects for the population born 1920-29. Among males, percentages of adenocarcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma have increased and that of epidermoid carcinoma decreased. The change was more marked in the age-groups younger than 59. Liver cancer showed the 3rd highest incidence rate among males and 6th among females. A rising trend in recent years was noticeable over 45 years of age among males. For the invasive uterine carcinoma, the incidence rate has been decreasing in all ages. Comparing these figures with those of whites in Connecticut or of Japanese in Hawaii, the former was higher than the latter and the difference was larger in age-groups over 40. The recent age incidence curve of breast cancer in Osaka came to be close to that in Iceland in 1930-49 when the curve had kept a constant level for age-groups after menopause. Birth cohort effect was observed for in these age classes.
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PMID:[Time trends in cancer incidence in Osaka]. 670 15

The concentrations of N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen in the sera of patients with various cancers were measured by radioimmunoassay. The mean value (with standard deviation) in the control group was 9.9 +/- 2.6 ng/ml. Serum levels exceeding 15 ng/ml were defined as positive, and it was found that 94% of 18 patients with primary liver cancer with cirrhosis, 88% of 8 patients with primary liver cancer without cirrhosis, 77% of 13 patients with metastatic liver cancer, 86% of 7 patients with recurrent breast cancer, 86% of 8 patients with colonic cancer, 75% of 8 patients with pancreatic cancer, 70% of 23 patients with stomach cancer, 51% of 35 patients with lung cancer, and 54% of 28 patients with uterine cancer showed positive levels. The concentrations showed great intersubject variations, probably reflecting the activity of tumor growth and/or invasion. The concentrations in the sera of patients with primary liver cancer with cirrhosis were generally higher than those in patients with liver cirrhosis alone or primary liver cancer without cirrhosis. This result suggested that the growth of primary liver cancer complicated by cirrhosis might be detected by serial measurements of this peptide in the serum of patients with liver cirrhosis. Present data suggested that this peptide is not cancer-specific, but assay of the peptide might be of value as an auxiliary means of detecting and monitoring various cancers, especially liver cancer.
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PMID:High concentrations of N-terminal peptide of type III procollagen in the sera of patients with various cancers, with special reference to liver cancer. 673 30

Using data from the Osaka Cancer Registry, we calculated age-standardized cancer mortality rates among Koreans and Japanese living in Osaka, Japan, during 1968-77. The following points were elucidated: 1) Among Koreans in Osaka, the mortality rate for liver cancer was about twice that among Japanese; 2) Among Koreans in Japan, the mortality rate of stomach cancer has been declining more rapidly than it has among Japanese. The factors involved in the Korean-Japanese difference of liver cancer and those involved in the rapid decrease of stomach cancer among Koreans in Japan are discussed.
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PMID:Cancer mortality among Koreans in Osaka, Japan. 716 75

We conducted a prospective study to clarify mortality patterns among Japanese coal miners in a former coal mining area. Subjects included 1,796 coal miners and 4,022 non-coal-miners, who were identified by a mail survey between 1987 and 1989, and then followed up from the date of the survey to April 30th, 1994. We applied Cox's proportional hazards model to compare the mortalities between coal miners and non-coal-miners. Among the coal miners, significantly high risk ratios were observed in all causes of death (risk ratio = 1.4, p < 0.05) and all malignant neoplasms (risk ratio = 1.5, p < 0.05). Risk ratios for all causes of death and all malignant neoplasms also rose with the length of experience in coal mining. Analysis of the results for sites of cancer showed that coal miners had high risk ratios for stomach cancer (risk ratio = 1.6), liver cancer (risk ratio = 1.4) and lung cancer (risk ratio = 1.6), though these ratios were not statistically significant. When the risk ratio for lung cancer was analyzed according to the length of experience in coal mining, coal miners with at least 15 years' experience had a significantly high risk ratio (risk ratio = 2.4, p < 0.05), though coal miners with less than 15 years' experience had almost the same risk as non-coal-miners.
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PMID:A prospective study on mortality among Japanese coal miners. 749 23


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