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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Substantial agreement has previously been demonstrated between qualitative and morphometric grading of gastric dysplasia. In the present study, a further attempt is made to quantitatively define the dysplastic changes in relation to associated benign or malignant changes of gastric mucosa. In total, 232 cases were studied and were associated with benign peptic ulcer (89 cases), histologically proven gastric cancer (88 cases), and gastritis-associated mild, moderate, and severe dysplasias (55 cases). The analysis showed that one discriminant function consisting of seven morphometric features is sufficient to separate the regenerative and cancer-associated cases. The classification results obtained on the basis of this discriminant function in both training and testing sets are encouragingly similar, indicating that the classification is reliable. This was further confirmed by the results of the application of this rule in the mild, moderate, and severe dysplasia biopsies (the above-mentioned gastritis-associated cases) used in a previous study. The quantitative analysis permits two grades, instead of three, to be distinguished: low-grade and high-grade dysplasia.
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PMID:Morphometric distinction of low- and high-grade dysplasias in gastric biopsies. 277 40

A retrospective analysis of the endoscopic diagnostic data on 151 cases of gastric polyps of various histological structure was carried out. A relationship between the risk of malignant transformation of gastric polyps, on the one hand, and their histology, presence and degree of dysplasia, on the other, was established. Epithelial dysplasia, in pronounced degree included, was observed in 33.7% of patients with hyperplastic polyps and in all cases of gastric adenoma. Epithelial dysplasia of hyperplastic polyps was mild or moderate in most cases while that of adenomatous polyps was moderate or grave. Gastric cancer as a consequence of malignant transformation of polyps was detected in 15 (9.9%) patients (hyperplastic polyps--2; adenomatous polyps--13). No objective endoscopic criteria for establishing the risk of polyp transformation were developed. Grave epithelial dysplasia, i.e. precancerous lesions in the gastric mucosa, may be suggested as such criterion. Moderate or grave dysplasia of the polyp epithelium should be considered in forming the group at risk first and foremost.
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PMID:[The probability of malignant degeneration of stomach polyps]. 281 91

The trace element spectrum of gastric tissue and whole blood specimens from gastric cancer and peptic ulcer patients was recognized with pattern recognition technique in order to obtain the chemical information of gastric cancer. Thirty specimens were obtained from cancer patients in each of the 58 gastric tissues and 54 whole blood specimens. Five pathological types were divided into two groups: peptic ulcer and dysplasia as the ulcer group; well-differentiated, undifferentiated and mucinous carcinoma as the cancer group. The accuracy of recognizing the several spectra was 90%: nine trace element spectra (Cu, Zn, Ni, Co, Cr, Cd, Mn, Fe and Mg) for the tissue specimens from the cancer and ulcer groups; six (Cu, Zn, Mn, Co, Cr and Cd) for dysplasia and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma tissues; five (Cu, Ni, Cr, Cd and Fe) for the whole blood specimens from these two groups and six (Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, Fe and Ni) for the whole blood specimens from dysplasia and peptic ulcer (including 10 normal individuals). The data were treated by non-linear mapping method and calculated by TRS-80 III type microcomputer.
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PMID:[Pattern recognition on the trace element spectrum in gastric cancer and peptic ulcer]. 283 56

For elucidation of histogenesis of gastric cancer derived from relatively flat mucosa, 77 cases of surgically resected stomachs with lesions of severe dysplasia in cancerous mucosae or with cancerous changes in severely dysplastic mucosae were detected out of 380 recently examined cases of early gastric cancer. Several examples of early gastric cancer of the superficial type, showing histological changes indicating that they had developed on the preexisted dysplastic mucosal lesions, have been presented, together with the background data. The frequency for detecting such changes was higher in the slightly elevated lesions than in the depressed or eroded ones.
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PMID:Gastric cancer preceded by severe dysplasia. 298 Jan 12

The authors performed a total of 288 successful endoscopic gastroduodenal polypectomy procedures in 129 patients. Drawing on literary data and the results of follow-up of their own patients, they regard endoscopic gastroduodenal polypectomy as a successful and relatively low-risk method for secondary prevention of gastric cancer. Recurrence of adenomas, with malignant degeneration in 6-75%, was noted, only in the first year after primary polypectomy, in 8% of patients. Four percent of patients after adenoma polypectomy developed gastric carcinoma. Removal of gastroduodenal adenomas by endoscopy represents a final therapeutic procedure significantly reducing the possibility of these originally benign variants transforming into malignant ones. Even polyps smaller than 10 mm in diameter may be adenomas possessing a rather high malignant potential. The authors regard endoscopic polypectomy of hyperplastic polyps as a justified procedure since the literary data compiled and their own experience suggest polyp susceptibility to development of dysplasia. While this tendency gets manifest only rarely, it would be medically wrong to dismiss it as negligible. In case of removal of an early polypoid gastric carcinoma, endoscopic polypectomy is a therapeutic procedure only in clearly defined and histologically well classified cases. In other cases involving prominence of the gastroduodenal mucosa, it is an invaluable diagnostic method whose benefit is that it removes an entire polyp for histologic examination.
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PMID:Endoscopic gastroduodenal polypectomy. 314 73

Morphological characteristics of Barrett's oesophagus were specified in 17 patients with cancer located in the cardiac orifice of the stomach. It was found that Barrett's oesophagus patients comprise 6.7% of all the authors' observations with relevant cancer diagnosis. The oesophagus appeared different in mucosal pattern, cells of the coat, glands, the degree of glandular epithelial dysplasia. Barrett's oesophagus is suggested to play a role in the genesis of cardiac gastric cancer whose malignant potential is the highest when oesophageal glands are cardiac. Applicability of the findings in general and in particular in clinical practice for deciding on the level of oesophageal resection in patients with cardiac gastric cancer is discussed.
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PMID:[Barrett's esophagus and cancer of the cardial section of the stomach]. 319 77

Fifty-two patients with early gastric cancer are described. At presentation, the average age was 60 years and the male:female ratio was 3:2. The patients had presenting symptoms indistinguishable from those due to benign peptic ulcer disease. Endoscopic examination with multiple biopsies was the most accurate means of diagnosis, with an overall 93% detection rate. The tumours were located predominantly along the lesser curve (75%) and in the antrum (64%), with ulcerated or depressed lesions most common and flat lesions least common. Approximately 58% of lesions were of intestinal type, submucosal invasion was seen in 45% and lymph node metastases had occurred in 7% of cases. Lesser curve and antral lesions were more likely to be ulcerated. Ulcerated lesions were on average, the same size as non-ulcerated lesions. Body lesions were larger than antral lesions and lesions which had spread to the submucosa were larger than mucosal lesions. Diffuse-type lesions were more likely to be ulcerated than intestinal-type lesions and dysplasia was more commonly associated with intestinal-type lesions than with diffuse or mixed-type lesions. The crude 5-year survival rate was 80%, but only one death was associated with a recurrence of gastric cancer.
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PMID:Early gastric cancer: 52 cases of combined experience of two south Australian teaching hospitals. 320 92

Dysplasia cancer sequence has not been determined in gastric cancer yet. Dysplastic changes are not frequent. Gastric cancer generally develops in areas of chronic atrophic gastritis. This chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is often associated with intestinal metaplasia (IM). IM has been classified in three types, according to morphologic patterns, differentiation and mucins production. We reviewed 55 gastrectomy specimens and 278 endoscopic biopsies. In order to determine an histological high-risk group, we chose cases with preneoplastic conditions (60 CAG, 10 biopsies of gastric remnants, 3 flat adenomas and 55 gastrectomies by cancer or ulcer). We also included 12 hyperplastic polyps because they may contain foci of intestinal metaplasia. Mucin techniques (PAS-ALCIAN BLUE Ph 2.5 and HID-A.B) were used in all cases that showed extensive intestinal metaplasia. In addition, we used immunohistochemistry techniques to detect CEA. Dysplasia was found only in flat adenomas (3 cases), early gastric cancer (1 case) and advanced cancer (3 cases). We considered a preneoplastic lesion only to moderate or severe dysplasia. Hyperplastic regenerative pathology is considered a reversible condition. Therefore, it should be differentiated from dysplasia. We found that IM type III (sulfomucin predominance) is the most related to carcinoma, particularly to the intestinal type. CEA antigen is poorly specific in detecting high-risk lesions because it was seen in regenerative pathology and in gastric cancer too. Relationship of dysplasia and carcinoma, and/or neoplastic polyps was similar to other series. Concerning to follow-up items, we agree with the concepts proposed by the Japanese Research Society for Gastric Cancer.
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PMID:[Gastric dysplasia: its incidence in precancerous conditions, advanced cancer and early cancer]. 325 19

A research on pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma was carried out by observing microcarcinoma, small carcinoma, early multicarcinoma as well as the mucosa around the cancer. The results show that the site of different types of carcinoma is correlated to the type of gastric dysplasia. In this paper, various types of gastric dysplasia and multicentric histogenesis of gastric cancer are discussed.
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PMID:[Precancerous lesion and carcinogenesis of stomach cancer]. 345 34

Levels of lactic dehydrogenase and beta-glucuronidase were measured in gastric wash samples obtained from 445 patients over 40 years old attending a routine diagnostic endoscopy clinic. An index was derived from the two levels and used as a test for the presence of gastric cancer. Of the 24 patients with an endoscopic diagnosis of gastric cancer, 21 (91.3%) proved positive on this test, including all four cases of early gastric cancer, which were found at repeat endoscopy. The specificity of the test for gastric cancer was 81.3%. Among those patients with false positive results who had endoscopic biopsy were four out of the five cases of severe dysplasia, and four out of the 13 cases of type 2B intestinal metaplasia. Atrophic gastritis alone or with intestinal metaplasia was found in 95.9% of the false positives who were biopsied.
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PMID:Gastric enzymes as a screening test for gastric cancer. 357 36


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