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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We encountered a relatively rare case of primary double cancer arising simultaneously from both the stomach and choledochus in a 72-year-old woman with obstructive jaundice. The patient was admitted to Saiseikai Shigaken Hospital, and was diagnosed as having both early gastric cancer at the lesser curvature of the antrum and cancer of the choledochus. She underwent curative pancreato-duodenectomy with extended gastrectomy. One of the resected tumors was histopathologically diagnosed as a well differentiated, tubular adenocarcinoma of the stomach with invasion reaching as deep as the submucosa. The other tumor was a moderately differentiated, tubular adenocarcinoma of the choledochus with lymph node metastases (hepatic, retroligamentic, paracholedochal, and posterior and superior pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes). Our review of the literature suggests that the incidence of primary double malignancies is on the increase.
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PMID:[A case report of primary double cancer of the stomach and choledochus]. 670 Jan 18

A patient with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach developed microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, renal insufficiency, and fluctuating neurological abnormalities in association with appreciably raised plasma concentrations of immune complexes. This syndrome, similar to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, occurred while the tumour was in sustained objective remission after successful treatment with fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and mitomycin. Reversal of the syndrome was achieved with plasmapheresis, azathioprine, corticosteroids, and antiplatelet treatment; this response was paralleled by a reduction in immune complex concentration, suggesting an immune aetiology for the syndrome. Antibodies eluted from the immune complexes reacted with 50% of cells from the gastric cancer but less than 10% of cells from normal gastric mucosa. There was no reactivity with either carcinoembryonic antigen or mitomycin. A 17S immune complex reacted with a glycoprotein from the patient's autologous platelets and produced platelet aggregation. It is postulated that reducing the tumour and the pre-existing state of antigen excess by chemotherapy allowed soluble antigen-antibody complexes to form and the syndrome to develop.
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PMID:Gastric carcinoma and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: association with plasma immune complex concentrations. 680 53

Ten permanent clones derived from a single biopsy specimen of an untreated human adenocarcinoma of the stomach were established and characterized in vitro. Tissue culture growth properties, doubling times, plating efficiencies, growth fractions, cell cycle phase distributions, DNA indices, modal chromosome numbers, and ploidies were determined. Growth fractions were nearly 100%, and doubling times ranged from 23 to 37 hr. The plating efficiencies were generally high for tumor cells in culture, ranging up to 70%. Modal chromosome numbers varied from 45 to 48, with a wider range of variability in about 25% of the cells studied in each clone. In addition, the parent cell line (from which the clones were isolated) was shown to grow in athymic mice and to have the same histochemical and cytological characteristics as the specimen taken from the patient. It is important to characterize human tumor cells in vitro in this detailed manner, since they serve as excellent model systems for other studies involving the heterogeneous responses to drugs and radiation. The identification of mechanisms of drug sensitivity and resistance and the testing of drug and radiation combination treatment schedules in such in vitro systems can provide valuable insight into the design of clinical protocols for treatment of stomach cancer in humans.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of an in vitro model system for human adenocarcinoma of the stomach. 683 14

The reactivities of leukocytes from gastric cancer and noncancer patients to gastric tumor and normal tissue extracts were tested by the leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) microtest, assessing cell-mediated immunoreactivity to adenocarcinoma of the stomach. The reactivities were expressed with the LAI index. All leukocyte preparations showed low reactivities, a LAI index of less than 20%, to normal tissue extracts and only the preparations of leukocytes from cancer patients displayed high reactivities, a LAI index of more than 20%, to tumor extracts. Assuming that a patient is sensitized to gastric tumor antigen if his leukocytes respond to at least one tumor extract with a LAI index of more than 20%, approximately half of the cancer tumor antigen. Thus, the LAI microtest appears to be a simple, rapid and specific method for demonstrating cell-mediated immunity to tumor.
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PMID:Leukocyte adherence inhibition microtest for the detection of cell-mediated immunity to tumor in gastric cancer patients. 700 59

Nineteen male Wistar rats received N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in drinking water (83 mg/L) to initiate glandular adenocarcinoma of the stomach; eight control rats received tap water. After 12 weeks a pyloroplasty was performed on nine rats receiving MNNG and three control rats. Ten MNNG-treated rats and five control rats had no operation. All were observed for 38 weeks before being killed. No difference in the incidence of antral adenocarcinomas was found between the MNNG-treated groups; however, those without operation showed in situ changes in the duodenum and those treated with pyloroplasty showed five invasive adenocarcinomas. In this model pyloroplasty alone did not increase the risk of gastric cancer but increased the risk of duodenal tumors. Pyloroplasty apparently accelerated the gastric evacuation rate, resulting in greater insult to the duodenal mucosa. Such a condition may require a higher proliferative rate in the duodenum and may increase subsequent formation of malignant tumors.
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PMID:Cancer induction after pyloroplasty in rats: treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. 708 68

One hundred and fifteen patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer (stomach cancer, 42 patients; gastroesophageal junction cancer, ten; pancreatic cancer, 32; and other upper gastrointestinal cancers, 31) were treated with a combination chemotherapy regimen consisting of 5-FU, doxorubicin, mitomycin, and semustine (methyl-CCNU) (FAMMe). Of the 31 patients with stomach cancer who were evaluable for response and had had no previous chemotherapy, 12 (39%) achieved complete or partial remission. One of eight (12%0 patients with gastroesophageal junction cancer and five of 23 (22%) patients with pancreatic cancer achieved a partial remission. The median duration of survival for all patients with adenocarcinoma of the stomach was 7.1 months. The median duration of survival for responding patients with stomach cancer was 13.6 months, and the median survival for nonresponding patients was 6.1 months. FAMMe chemotherapy was generally well-tolerated and can be administered in adequate doses without producing prohibitive myelosuppression. The starting dose should be reduced for patients greater than or equal to 70 years old or for patients who have received pelvic or vertebral radiation therapy. FAMMe is effective against advanced gastric cancer; however, because this was not a randomized comparative study of the relative effectiveness of FAMMe and FAM (5-FU, doxorubicin, and mitomycin), no recommendation for the use of one regimen instead of the other for advanced adenocarcinoma of the stomach can be made. FAMMe chemotherapy cannot recommended for advanced adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and gastroesophageal junction.
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PMID:Phase I--II study of the combination of 5-FU, doxorubicin, mitomycin, and semustine (FAMMe) in the treatment of adenocarcinoma of the stomach, gastroesophageal junction, and pancreas. 710 51

Cross-sectional studies in France have shown strong regional correlations between death rates from alcohol related diseases and death rates from gastric cancer. The present study involved 40 cases of newly diagnosed adenocarcinoma of the stomach and 168 control subjects with one of four other gastrointestinal diagnoses selected from the same hospital service during the same time period, 1978-1980. On the basis of a standard nutritional interview alcohol and particularly red wine were seen to be significant risk factors for this cancer (relative risks of 6.9 with 95% confidence limits (CL) of 3.3-14.3 for alcohol and 6.3 with CL 3.1-12.7 for wine). Smoking of one or more cigarettes per day was associated with a relative risk for gastric cancer of 4.8 with CL of 1.6-14.8. The presence of both risk factors was associated with a relative risk of 9.3 with 95% CL of 4.6-19.0. Possible confounding by age, smoking, and eating lettuce (a reported protective factor for gastric cancer in other studies) did not explain these results. The relative risks were consistently found and remained significant when each diagnostic group of control subjects was analyzed separately. These results suggest that alcohol, and particularly red wine, may be important risk factors for adenocarcinoma of the stomach in France. In addition, cigarette smoking, a risk factor in itself, when coupled with alcohol appears markedly to increase the risk.
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PMID:Wine and tobacco: risk factors for gastric cancer in France. 723 55

The management of 124 patient diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the stomach from 1971 to 1990 was reviewed. Early gastric cancer increased from 0% to 9% of the cases between the first and last quarter of the study. Proximal gastric cancer similarly increased from 8% in the first decade to 29% of all cases diagnosed during the second decade of the study. Follow-up information was available for all patients. Nineteen patients (15%) had no operation and two survived more than 2 years. Twelve patients had a surgical biopsy only and four had a palliative bypass; none survived 2 years. Eighty-six patients (69%) had a surgical resection with a 30-day operative mortality of 8% and a 5-year survival of 17%. Prognosis was significantly better for patients with T-1 and T-2 tumors and for those with distal cancers. Patients with early gastric cancer had 67% 5-year survival. These data should encourage efforts to improve the diagnosis of early gastric cancer.
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PMID:Survival following surgical treatment of gastric cancer. A challenge for the community endoscopist. 752 99

Thirty-six patients with nonmucinous adenocarcinoma of the stomach, candidates for surgical laparotomy, were studied to evaluate the presence and extent of coagulation disorders in gastric cancer. They were staged according to TNM cancer staging (T: extent of primary tumor; N: lymph node involvement; M: presence of metastases), and a blood sample was collected before surgery. Platelets, platelet factor four (PF4), beta-thromboglobulin (BTG), activated partial thromboplastine time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), factors five (V) and seven (VII), fibrinogen, cross-linked fibrin degradation products (XDP), fibrinopeptide-A (Fp-A), and antithrombin three (AT III) were assayed. Only fibrinogen, Fp-A, PF4, and factors V and VII were increased in more than 50% of patients. Fibrinogen and Fp-A were positively correlated with T(r = 0.29, p < p < 0.05; and r = 0.35, p < 0.05; respectively), whereas the other parameters did not show any statistically significant relationship with T, N, and M. Considering the subgroups including only the patients with pathological values, Fp-A (31 patients) was positively correlated with N (r = 0.4, p < 0.05), PF4 (25 patients) showed a positive correlation with T and N (r = 0.42, p < 0.05; r = 0.46, p < 0.05; respectively), and a significantly higher median in the presence than in the absence of metastases (median in the M+ subgroup: 42.7 ng/ml, range 38.6 to 102.8; median in the M- subgroup: 33.7, range 20.3 to 85; p < 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Usefulness of coagulation markers in staging of gastric cancer. 755 75

The success of surgical treatment of gastric-, colorectal- and pancreatic cancer is often limited due to local recurrence, the development of metastases or peritoneal carcinosis by cells which have been seeded already at the time of operation. Immunocytological methods enable the detection of disseminated cancer cells before their clinical manifestation as demonstrated by this study. Lavage samples from the peritoneal cavity and bone marrow samples from 147 patients with an adenocarcinoma of the stomach, colon and pancreas were investigated with a panel of six different monoclonal antibodies against tumor-associated antigens (CEA, CA-19-9, 19-1A, C-54-0, Ra96) and cytokeratin, respectively. Additionally, 43 patients with benign diseases were investigated as a control group. Micrometastatic cells were detected either in the bone marrow or the peritoneal cavity in 51% of the cancer patients (gastric cancer: 51%, colorectal cancer: 40%, pancreatic cancer: 72%). The occurrence of stained cells in the peritoneal cavity and bone marrow samples correlated with the tumor stage and showed even in about 30% of patients with a stage I tumor positive bone marrow and/or peritoneal cavity samples. No unspecific reactions were found in the control group. The 2-year follow up shows a significant correlation between tumor cell detection and the survival. Our study strongly indicates a clinical benefit of this method in adjuvant therapy concepts.
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PMID:[Immunocytologic detection of micro-metastatic cells in patients with gastrointestinal tumors]. 770 62


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