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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a group of 322 patients with adenocarcinoma of the stomach, 158 underwent resection. The only 5 year survivors came from the resection group. Increasing age, lymph node metastases and increasing depth of invasion of the gastric wall were all adverse prognostic features. There was a high incidence (19%) of resected patients who had suture line involvement. In spite of this there were 5 year survivors among those patients with suture line involvement and also those with lymph node involvement. The judicious implementation of an aggressive resection policy will give patients with favourable tumours the chance of a 5 year cure without involving patients with widespread neoplasm in radical surgery. Patients who had undergone previous gastric surgery for any cause had an extremely bad prognosis. Improvement in 5 year survival rates in patients undergoing resection for gastric cancer could be attributed to the increase in the number of patients with early gastric cancer.
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PMID:Factors influencing prognosis in gastric cancer. 347 12

In vitro effects of radiation were studied in two permanent cell lines (AGS and SII) from two patients with adenocarcinoma of the stomach and three permanent sublines from each cell line. Radiation survival parameters for AGS and SII parent cell lines and sublines were determined after in vitro irradiation of their cells with 0.5 to 10 Gy of 60Co gamma rays. The AGS and SII cell lines had different growth properties, DNA contents and radiation survival curves. Surviving fractions of SII parent cells (76 chromosomes) after 2.0 and 10 Gy were 1.22 and 17.8 times greater, respectively, than values for AGS parent cells (47 chromosomes). Sensitivities (D0) were 1.08 and 1.45 Gy for AGS and SII parent lines, respectively. The D0 values for AGS parent cells and sublines were similar (1.01 to 1.08 Gy), but SII parent cells and sublines had D0 values of 1.45, 1.36, 1.37 and 1.12 Gy (for SII-A). Also, the SII parent cells had survival fractions after 2.0 and 10 Gy that were 1.3 and 11.3 times greater, respectively, than values for the SII-A cells. These data show differences in radiation responses among stomach cancer cell lines and sublines that may relate to DNA content, but there was no consistent correlation between radiation response and a particular cell characteristic.
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PMID:Differential response to gamma radiation of human stomach cancer cells in vitro. 348 85

This study attempts to determine the relative prevalence of intestinal-type and diffuse-type carcinomas (using a modified Lauren classification of gastric carcinomas) and to evaluate its significance in relation to the difference in stomach cancer risks among the different ethnic and Chinese dialect groups in Singapore. Of the 648 cases of primary adenocarcinoma of the stomach studied, 405 (62.5%) were of the intestinal type, 206 (31.8%) of the diffuse type, and 37 (5.7%) of the mixed type. Men had higher proportions of intestinal-type carcinoma than women. The intestinal-diffuse carcinoma ratio increased progressively with age. Although the relative intestinal-diffuse carcinoma ratios in women appeared to reflect the relative incidence rates of stomach cancer of the different ethnic and dialect groups, the ratios in men were inconsistent. Indian men had a higher intestinal-diffuse carcinoma ratio than Chinese men despite a lower incidence of stomach cancer. Hokkien men had the highest incidence of stomach cancer and the lowest intestinal-diffuse carcinoma ratio among the Chinese dialect groups. The use of the ratio as an indicator of relative risks for gastric cancer between populations of different genetic makeup is inconsistent and unreliable.
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PMID:Intestinal and diffuse carcinoma of the stomach among the ethnic and dialect groups in Singapore. 359 11

From January 1974 to October 1983, 5072 gastroscopies were performed in 3351 patients with a total of 14,554 biopsy specimens taken from 2565 lesions in the stomach. The endoscopic diagnoses and their histologic counterparts were recorded and the diagnostic yield of specimens from each type of lesion analyzed. Gastric adenocarcinoma was finally diagnosed in 139 patients. The diagnosis was delayed, from 1 to 4 months, in five patients because of false-negative diagnoses. These patients all had ulcerating cancers. Moreover, early gastric cancer was mainly of the ulcerating type. Accordingly, an ulcer lesion is the most important one to biopsy. Only four cancers were found in 959 benign-appearing gastritic lesions. Twenty-one patients with negative biopsy results at the first endoscopy were later shown to have cancer. When these biopsy specimens were re-examined, malignant lymphoma was found in one and adenocarcinoma in three cases. In spite of false-negative endoscopic findings, nonrepresentative biopsy material and false-negative histologic reports, the combination of biopsy results and clinical judgement led to correct and timely treatment in nearly all patients.
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PMID:Cancer detection in biopsy specimens taken from different types of gastric lesions. 371 31

Comparative cytomorphometric and cytospectrophotometric investigations have been carried out on Hematoxylin-Eosin and Feulgen stained paraffin sections from 150 patients with normal gastric mucosa, chronic atrophic and hypertrophic gastritis, benign and malignantly transformed stomach ulcers and adenomatous polyps and adenocarcinoma of the stomach. The changes in the small and large nucleus (cell) diameters; nucleus, cell and cytoplasma area (volume) and nucleus/cell and nucleus/cytoplasma ratio for area and volume as well as the nuclear DNA content values have been presented in the pathway from normal stomach mucosa to gastric cancer. The presented results give us more information about the dynamics of malignant cell transformation.
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PMID:Comparative cytomorphometric and cytospectrophotometric investigations of gastric lesions. 398 68

A case-control study focusing on the role of diet in the etiology of gastric cancer was undertaken in Piraeus, the sister city of Athens, in a population characterized by ethnic homogeneity but substantial heterogeneity with respect to dietary habits. The case series consisted of 110 consecutive patients with histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the stomach, admitted to two teaching hospitals during a 3-year period; the control series consisted of orthopedic patients admitted to a nearby hospital for accidents, fractures and other orthopedic disorders, during the same time period. Dietary histories concerning the frequency of consumption (per month or per week) of about 80 food items were obtained by the same interviewer. Cases reported significantly less frequent consumption of lemons, oranges, brown bread, and raw, salad-type vegetables (particularly lettuce, onions and cucumbers) and, independently, significantly more frequent consumption of pasta, beans and nuts. A relative risk of about 40 was found between extreme quintiles when the above 9 food items were combined in a linear risk score. Use of an index constructed from the study material will clearly overestimate the level of risk between the extreme quintiles, but nevertheless the risk differences appear noteworthy, and consistent with the international variation in the incidence of gastric cancer. No significant associations were found with alcoholic beverages, coffee or tea.
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PMID:Diet and cancer of the stomach: a case-control study in Greece. 403 Jan 36

The case records of 101 patients operated on for adenocarcinoma of the stomach at one hospital over a 25-year period were reviewed. Generally, the patients had advanced disease (80% had Stage III or Stage IV tumors) at the time of treatment. Curative procedures were possible in only 46 patients and yielded a five-year survival rate of 16.7 per cent. The overall operative mortality rate was 25 per cent, although in the last decade that rate decreased to 15 per cent. Good palliation in the early months was achieved with both subtotal gastric resection and bypass gastrojejunostomy. Because of patient selection, however, the palliation provided by bypass was of shorter duration (mean less than six months). The main reason for these disappointing results was the advanced stage of the cancer at the time of diagnosis and treatment. The prognosis for patients with gastric cancer clearly correlates with the stage of the disease at the time of operation. Surgical resection provides the most effective relief of symptoms and offers the only hope of cure. The importance of diagnosing gastric cancer early when the tumor is still confined to the stomach wall is emphasized and recommendations for achieving this goal are discussed.
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PMID:Gastric carcinoma. A 25-year experience. 618 69

Gastric adenocarcinoma developed in two young patients following successful radiation therapy and chemotherapy for malignant lymphoma in childhood. The age of presentation with gastric cancer, 14 years and 24 years, respectively, is so strikingly different from that expected as to suggest a causal relationship. Gastric adenocarcinoma may be another complication of the "successful" aggressive management of malignant tumors in young people.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoma of the stomach following irradiation and chemotherapy for lymphoma in young patients. 646 43

Erythrocytes from a patient with blood type of A1 became nongenetically reactive with A (anti-B) serum, following the development of gastric cancer. Transient polyagglutinability was also apparent. The in vitro acetylation of the erythrocyte antigens abolished both the acquired B antigen and the polyagglutination. Although incubation of the heterologous type A1 erythrocytes with the patient's serum did not produce B antigen, deacetylase activity in the serum seems to relate to the acquired B antigen. In this case, either ileus as a result of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach, or urinary tract infections could be the cause of the acquired B antigen.
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PMID:Acquired B antigen and polyagglutination in a patient with gastric cancer. 667 86

Four permanent clones of a human adenocarcinoma of the stomach and the parent line from which they were isolated were used as an in vitro model system to evaluate the effects of 8 anticancer agents on cell survival. The drugs tested were actinomycin D (Act-D), Bleomycin (Bleo), adriamycin (adria), melphalan, chlorambucil, 5 Fluorouracil (5FU), 1,2:5,6-Dianhydrogalactitol (DAG), and 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-(4-methyl cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea) (MeCCNU). Although the cell lines had similar growth properties, morphologies and modal chromosome numbers, the clones expressed heterogeneous survival responses to each of six drugs tested. A comparison of the doses lethal to 90% of a clonal population (LD90) for each drug indicated large differences between the most sensitive and least sensitive clones. For chlorambucil there was a 160% difference between the LD90 values of the most and least sensitive clones. For MeCCNU the difference was 200%; for adria, 230%; Bleo, 280%; 5FU, 360%; and melphalan, 600%. Despite the heterogeneity in response among the clones to these agents, no particular clone was always the most sensitive or resistant. Of particular interest was the finding that these stomach cancer clones demonstrated uniform responses to both Act-D and DAG. Since the differential drug sensitivities expressed by heterogeneous tumor populations could be a cause of treatment failure in the patient, the demonstration of uniform sensitivities to Act-D and DAG are encouraging and suggest that other anticancer drugs which produce uniform cell killing may be identified and tested. Act-D and adria were the most effective of the drugs tested when compared on a dose for dose basis. Both agents killed more than 99.9% of the parent cell line with doses below 3 micrograms/ml (1-h treatments). The cells were least sensitive to 5FU, with only 30% of the cells killed at 100 micrograms/ml. The studies reported here indicate that this human stomach cancer model can provide valuable insight into the design of clinical protocols for treatment of gastric carcinoma in man.
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PMID:Heterogeneous responses of an in vitro model of human stomach cancer to anticancer drugs. 667 61


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