Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We performed chemotherapy with combination of S-1 and CDDP for two patients with progressive gastric cancer accompanied by disseminated carcinomatosis of bone marrow due to bone metastasis with DIC, which was successfully controlled, and they had about one-year prognosis. We think it is worth trying the chemotherapy for the patients with such a severe condition like DIC.
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PMID:[Two patients of progressive gastric cancer accompanied by disseminated carcinomatosis of bone marrow due to bone metastasis with DIC successfully controlled by combination of S-1 and CDDP]. 1821 23

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis occurs in approximately 5% of patients with cancer. The most common cancers involving the leptomeninges are breast, lung cancer and melanoma. However, gastric adenocarcinoma has been rarely reported with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. The presenting manifestations are usually headache, visual disturbances and seizures. We report a case of leptomeningeal metastasis that presented as a gastric cancer. A 49-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with the symptoms of headache and melena for 10 days. The endoscopy showed a thickening of the folds of the stomach compatible with the diagnosis of a Borrman type IV gastric cancer. The biopsy revealed a signet ring cell carcinoma. The MRI of brain showed no abnormal findings; however, the patient complained of an intractable persistent headache, nausea and vomiting on admission day 6. The cytology examination of the cerebrospinal fluid supported the diagnosis of metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma.
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PMID:A case of gastric adenocarcinoma presenting as meningeal carcinomatosis. 1830 94

Patients with advanced gastric carcinoma, especially peritoneal dissemination, have a poor prognosis even after any treatment. Chemokines are now known to play an important role in cancer growth and metastasis. We recently reported that the chemokine CXCL12 plays an important role in the development of peritoneal carcinomatosis from gastric carcinoma. In this study, we investigated signalling pathway involved in the peritoneal carcinomatosis induced by chemokine CXCL12. Akt was rapidly and strongly phosphorylated by chemokine CXCL12. CXCL12 also induced the activation of p70S6K (S6K) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) included in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways which are located downstream of Akt, resulting in enhancements of metastatic properties such as MMP production, cell migration and cell growth in peritoneal disseminated gastric cancer, NUGC4 cells. Furthermore, mTOR inhibitor rapamycin not only drastically inhibited migration and MMP production, but also induced type II programmed cell death, autophagic cell death. In the present study, we have shown for the first time that the mTOR pathway plays a central role in the development of peritoneal carcinomatosis, and blocking this pathway induces autophagic cell death in disseminated gastric cancer. Therefore, blocking on the CXCR4/mTOR signalling pathway may be useful for the future development of a more effective therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer involved in peritoneal dissemination.
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PMID:Blocking on the CXCR4/mTOR signalling pathway induces the anti-metastatic properties and autophagic cell death in peritoneal disseminated gastric cancer cells. 1837 14

A 63-year-old woman with BMI 46 underwent laparoscopic gastric banding. In the standardized follow-up after 14 and 24 months, the GI series and gastroscopy showed no pathological signs. The patient had hematemesis 32 months after gastric banding, followed by symptoms of obstruction, for which a laparotomy was performed. At operation, peritoneal carcinomatosis due to gastric cancer was found. Symptoms after bariatric procedures can be similar to symptoms of gastric or esophageal cancer. We believe that yearly postoperative gastroscopy is indicated to exclude pathological changes.
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PMID:Gastric cancer after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding. 1839 68

This study evaluated the feasibility and pharmacology of intraperitoneal docetaxel (IP docetaxel) when administered weekly for 3 consecutive weeks, followed by 1 week without treatment. A total of 24 patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis of gastric cancer (10 preoperative, 7 postoperative and 7 recurrent) were enrolled in this study. Docetaxel was dissolved in an isotonic saline to a final 1 liter solution and was administered in a 1 h dosage of 25, 35, 45 and 60 mg/m(2) to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). To measure the docetaxel concentration, blood and peritoneal fluid samples were collected 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 6 and 24 h after administering the drug to 15 patients. A total of 109 chemotherapy cycles were administered, with a median of four cycles per patient (range 2-9). The MTD of the weekly IP docetaxel was defined at 60 mg/m(2). At a docetaxel dosage of 60 mg/m(2) per week, the dose-limiting events of grade 3 abdominal pain and grade 3 diarrhea, which may be associated with local toxicity, occurred. Peak concentrations of peritoneal fluid ranged from 24.5 to 68.7 microg/ml. The mean ratio of the area under concentration (AUC) in the peritoneal fluid to the plasma concentration was 515. Furthermore, the mean of plasma AUC by IP docetaxel was 5.63 microg h/ml versus that of IV docetaxel at a dose of 60 mg/m(2). The response rate of the preoperative IP docetaxel was 80% (4 CR, 4 PR, 1 NC and 1 PD), which was judged with laparoscopy and peritoneal lavage cytology. Gastrectomy, with D2 lymph node dissection, was performed on all of the patients evaluated as CR. The weekly IP docetaxel demonstrated a low toxicity and high efficacy for peritoneal carcinomatosis with dual anti-cancer effects via the peritoneal surface and capillary blood supply due to its unique pharmacokinetic property.
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PMID:Dual anti-cancer effects of weekly intraperitoneal docetaxel in treatment of advanced gastric cancer patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis: a feasibility and pharmacokinetic study. 1842 92

F-18 FDG PET-CT is a useful modality for monitoring residual or recurrent tumors after surgical resection. We report on 3 patients with intraperitoneal charcoal-induced granulomas mimicking peritoneal carcinomatosis on PET-CT images. Two of them underwent a radical gastrectomy because of advanced gastric cancer, and the other underwent a hemicolectomy because of sigmoid colon cancer. All 3 patients had a history of intraperitoneal chemotherapy using mitomycin C bound to activated carbon particles during surgery. Follow-up PET-CT studies demonstrated increased FDG uptake mimicking peritoneal carcinomatosis on PET images alone. However, the accompanying noncontrast CT showed variously shaped hyperdense nodules in the dependent positions of the peritoneal cavity, including the paracolic gutter and rectovesical space, indicating charcoal-induced granulomas rather than peritoneal carcinomatosis.
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PMID:F-18 FDG PET-CT findings of intraperitoneal carbon particles-induced granulomas mimicking peritoneal carcinomatosis. 1843 Nov 43

One of the specific forms of progression of malignant tumors of the central nervous system is meningeal dissemination. Meningeal dissemination is a condition in which tumor cells migrate to the brain surface and sub arachnoid space via cerebrospinal fluid and then infiltrate there. This condition can arise from both primary and metastatic brain tumors, with reported incidences of 4.2% for primary tumors and 5.1% for metastatic tumors. Meningeal dissemination frequently arises from germinoma, medulloblastoma, ependymoma and glioblastoma in cases of primary brain tumors and frequently arises from breast cancer, lung cancer and gastric cancer in cases of metastatic brain tumors, known as meningeal carcinomatosis. The prognosis of meningeal dissemination is poor, and conventional treatments such as systemic chemotherapy and radiation therapy are ineffective. Intrathecal infusion of anti neoplastic agents is one of the options for treatment of meningeal dissemination. The advantage of intrathecal chemotherapy is that the anti neoplastic agent is rapidly diffused in the sub arachnoid space, and its duration of activity is long due to its slow clearance and metabolism. Routes of administration include infusion into the lateral ventricle by puncture of the Ommaya reservoir, infusion into the sub arachnoid space by lumbar puncture, or both of these procedures performed alternately or simultaneously, and methods of infusion include bolus injection and ventriculo lumbar perfusion. Commonly used drugs include methotrexate (MTX), cytarabine (Ara-C), and 3-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-1-(2-chloroethyl)- 1-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU), and some new drugs have also begun to be used clinically. Although there are differences depending on the histological type of the tumor, the anti neoplastic agent administered and the method of administration, the response rate is about 40-80% and mean survival time is about 4-25 months. Although side effects of the anti neoplastic agents are not as severe as with agents used for systemic chemotherapy, specific side effects include nonspecific drug-induced meningitis or ventriculitis, transient or permanent paralysis and leukoencephalopathy. These side effects can be alleviated by reducing the dose or discontinuing the anti neoplastic agents, and a small dose of an adrenocorticosteroid is sometimes administered simultaneously. Bacterial meningitis is another complication and requires discontinuation of anti neoplastic agents, removal of the Ommaya reservoir, or systemic or intrathecal administration of antibiotic agents. Although meningeal dissemination is a rare metastatic condition with a poor prognosis, there have been some reports of successful treatment using this method, which is expected to be widely used in the future.
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PMID:[Intrathecal infusion of the antineoplastic agents for meningeal dissemination]. 1863 17

Since 20 years, treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis has been developed in expert centers. Cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy, especially hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, was assessed by many nonrandomised studies for the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from gastric cancer. Results described increased survival, especially for the most favourable cases: limited carcinomatosis and complete cytoreductive surgery. A strict selection of the patients is necessary because of the important morbidity of those treatments. Only patients with good general health, able to tolerate a threatening treatment, with possible complete cytoreduction, may benefit from those treatments. Many japanese studies had demonstrated the efficacy of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the prophylactic treatment of carcinomatosis in advanced-gastric cancers. These results have to be confirmed by european randomised studies.
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PMID:[Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for the treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from gastric cancer]. 1863 80

So far, peritoneal carcinomatosis had been considered as the last progression stage of intra-abdominal cancers, and thus without any therapeutic recourse. During the last ten years, the association of tumour surgical resection and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (with or without hyperthermia) has proven to produce long term survival and even cure. This aggressive therapeutic strategy is associated with mortality and morbidity, which add to the mortality and morbidity of surgery and chemotherapy. It thus requires a careful patient selection conducted by specialized multidisciplinary teams. The main indications are peritoneal carcinomatosis on colorectal cancer, stomach cancer, ovarian cancer, pseudomyxoma and mesothelioma. The treatment can also be initiated secondarily, if carcinomatosis is detected during a procedure performed in a center where this type of treatment is not provided. An organ resection should thus be performed. The patient is then referred to a specialized center, either within the ten days following the procedure, or after three months, most of the time after an adjuvant therapy.
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PMID:[Surgical treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis with reduction surgery and perioperative chemotherapy]. 1867 58

Metastatic involvement of the musculoskeletal system is one of the most significant clinical issues facing orthopaedic oncologists. The number of patients with metastasis to the skeletal system from a carcinoma is 15 times greater than the number of patients with primary bone tumours of all types. However, progression patterns like disseminated carcinomatosis of bone marrow are comparatively rare. The pathophysiology for disseminated carcinomatosis of bone marrow, with a prognosis reported to be very poor, is still unknown. We describe a patient who had no symptoms with hyperphosphatasia. Bone scintigraphy showed a so-called super bone scan and a needle biopsy from the ileum showed adenocarcinoma cells. Additional endoscopic investigation was performed and signet cell gastric cancer was found. From the bone scan and biopsy, we established the diagnosis of disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow. From the experience of this case, we believe that intensive stomach investigation should be considered in cases with hyperphosphatasia, even when the patient has no symptoms.
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PMID:Asymptomatic disseminated carcinomatosis of bone marrow presenting as hyperphosphatasia: report of a case. 1872 Sep 42


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