Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The availability of more treatment options for gastrointestinal cancer requires precise and reliable pretherapeutic staging. Despite impressive technical progress in modern imaging procedures, this high level of staging quality is not yet warranted in all instances. Visual exploration of the abdominal cavity in extended diagnostic laparoscopy (EDL), including surgical dissection of areas which are primarily inaccessible, biopsy retrieval, and laparoscopic ultrasound, is superior in the diagnostic workup of early peritoneal carcinomatosis and (small) liver metastases. It is helpful to evaluate lymph node infliction and local resectability. In esophageal carcinoma, pretherapeutic EDL is valuable in case of advanced adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus (AEG I according to Siewert), whereas the incidence of abdominal tumor manifestations in squamous cell carcinoma is too low to perform staging laparoscopy. In advanced gastric cancer, EDL yields relevant additional information in up to 20% of cases. If a multimodal therapeutic strategy is considered, EDL should be obligatory at least in prospective therapeutic studies. In carcinoma of the pancreas, EDL is in general not recommended by the majority of centers. Selective use (in particular in advanced cancer with a high probability of local irresectability) is gaining importance. In hepatobiliary malignancy including colorectal metastases, the high yield of additional information by EDL was confirmed in recent studies.
 ...
PMID:[Staging laparoscopy in oncology]. 1706 69

Peritoneal carcinomatosis is found in approximately 15 % of patients with colorectal cancer during the course of their disease, and is associated with a poor prognosis. Even more patients with gastric cancer develop peritoneal seeding. Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) have been introduced in the past decade and have led to 5-year survival rates of 30 to 40 % for selected patients with colorectal cancer and peritoneal carcinomatosis. These numbers have been demonstrated by many retrospective analyses and by prospective Phase II studies. The clinical assessment to select patients who will benefit from the combined therapy and achievement of complete macroscopic cytoreduction both play a crucial role. Less favourabale results have been achieved for patients suffering from stage IV gastric cancer with peritoneal seeding. Promising results were demonstrated for postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy following curative gastrectomy. Patients with hepatic, biliary and pancreatic cancers and peritoneal carcinomatosis do not benefit from cytoreductive surgery. There is a need for further multicentre, prospective trials analysing the use of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. They should be conducted in the specialised centres by interdisciplinary teams.
 ...
PMID:[Surgical management of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis of gastrointestinal origin]. 1716 75

Peritoneal carcinomatosis is detected in 10-40% of patients with "first look" peritoneal tumors. Median survival after chemotherapy is generally 2-6 months. Use of cytoreductive surgery and intraoperative intraperitoneal chemohyperthermic perfusion (ISHTP) improves the end results significantly. The study included 45 cases of surgery: gastric cancer (15), ovarian and cervical carcinoma ('17), colorectal cancer (8) and miscellaneous cancers involving advanced peritoneal carcinomatosis (5). ISHTP procedure was carried out immediately after cytoreductive surgery including peritonectomy (Sugarbaker). Postoperative complication and lethality frequency was 37.7 and 22.2%, respectively; mean survival--17 months. Eight patients have survived without signs of relapse; three of them--for more than 2 years. Cytoreductive surgery plus ISHTP protocol for peritoneal carcinomatosis increases survival time 3-fold and improves quality of life.
 ...
PMID:[Combined cytoreductive surgery and intraoperative hyperthermic chemo-perfusion for peritoneal carcinomatosis: methods, postoperative features and end results]. 1733 40

The alpha-emitter 213Bi is characterized by a high relative biological effectiveness. 213Bi-immunoconjugates targeting tumor-specific d9-E-cadherin have been proven to effectively kill tumor cells in a murine peritoneal carcinomatosis model. The aim of the present study was to optimize the efficacy of 213Bi-radioimmunotherapy for disseminated gastric cancer in a mouse model of early- and advanced-stage disease and to evaluate the long-term toxicity of 213Bi-immunoconjugates. For that purpose, nude mice were treated with different activities of 213Bi-d9 monoclonal antibody (MAb) targeting d9-E-cadherin or unspecific 213Bi-d8MAb at days 1 or 8 after inoculation of HSC45-M2 gastric cancer cells expressing mutant d9-E-cadherin. Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by monitoring survival for up to 300 days. Long-term toxicity was evaluated by the survival of tumor-free mice injected with 213Bi-immunoconjugates, kidney function parameters and histopathological examination of kidneys. We showed that survival was significantly prolonged following treatment of mice with 213Bi-immunoconjugates (0.37-22.2 MBq) at day 1 after tumor cell inoculation (P < 0.002). Therapy with 1.85 MBq of 213Bi-d9MAb was most successful, defeating early-stage disease in 87% of all cases. Treatment at day 8 after tumor cell inoculation was less efficient. Long-term nephrotoxicity could only be observed following application of 22.2 MBq of 213Bi-d9MAb, the highest activity applied in the therapy trials. As treatment with 1.85 MBq 213Bi-d9MAb showed excellent therapeutic efficacy without any signs of acute or chronic toxicity, radioimmunotherapy with the alpha-emitter 213Bi is a promising concept for treatment of early peritoneal carcinomatosis.
 ...
PMID:213Bi-radioimmunotherapy defeats early-stage disseminated gastric cancer in nude mice. 1756 73

Intraoperative chemotherapy with heat has been identified as a treatment option for patients with cancer spread to peritoneal surfaces. This treatment modality is viewed as a supplement to several other treatments for this group of patients including cytoreductive surgery, systemic chemotherapy, early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy, and long-term bidirectional chemotherapy. The pharmacologic basis for using heat to supplement chemotherapy effects are related to the increased penetration of chemotherapy into tumor with hyperthermia, the delayed clearance of chemotherapy from the peritoneal cavity after direct instillation, and an increased cytotoxicity that has been documented with selected chemotherapy agents. Data to support the use of perioperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy with mucinous appendiceal carcinomatosis comes from a large number of single institution phase II studies. Also, peritoneal and pleural mesothelioma are benefited. In colon cancer carcinomatosis, large phase II multi-institutional trials and a single phase III trial documented an increased median survival of these patients from approximately 1 year to over 2 years. Prophylaxis against peritoneal carcinomatosis in gastric cancer has been demonstrated in phase III trials. In ovarian cancer the rationale for this treatment remains large but its current application is limited. Much work needs to be done to identify a proper clinical perspective on hyperthermia used with chemotherapy in patients with peritoneal surface malignancy.
 ...
PMID:Laboratory and clinical basis for hyperthermia as a component of intracavitary chemotherapy. 1770 34

The chemotactic cytokines called chemokines are a superfamily of small secreted cytokines that were initially characterized through their ability to prompt the migration of leukocytes. Attention has been focused on the chemokine receptors expressed on cancer cells because cancer cell migration and metastasis show similarities to leukocyte trafficking. CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) was first investigated as a chemokine receptor that is associated with lung metastasis of breast cancers. Recently, CXCR4 was reported to be a key molecule in the formation of peritoneal carcinomatosis in gastric cancer. In the present review, we highlight current knowledge about the role of CXCR4 in cancer metastases. In contrast to chemokine receptors expressed on cancer cells, little is known about the roles of cancer cell-derived chemokines. Cancer tissue consists of both cancer cells and various stromal cells, and leukocytes that infiltrate into cancer are of particular importance in cancer progression. Although colorectal cancer invasion is regulated by the chemokine CCL9-induced infiltration of immature myeloid cells into cancer, high-level expression of cancer cell-derived chemokine CXCL16 increases infiltrating CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells into cancer tissues, and correlates with a good prognosis. We discuss the conflicting biological effects of cancer cell-derived chemokines on cancer progression, using CCL9 and CXCL16 as examples.
 ...
PMID:Chemokine receptors in cancer metastasis and cancer cell-derived chemokines in host immune response. 1789 51

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis due to gastric cancer is rare. Gadolinium enhanced MRI and CSF analysis for malignant cells are necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:Gastric cancer with isolated leptomeningeal metastases: a case report. 1789 11

We report a 55-year-old male who developed advanced hepatic metastasis and peritoneal carcinomatosis after resection of remnant gastric cancer resection 3 mo ago. The patient only received epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor antibody (Cetuximab) plus recombinant human endostatin (Endostar). Anti-tumor activity was assessed by (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computer tomography (PET/CT) at baseline and then every 4 wk. The case illustrates that (18)FDG-PET/CT could make an early prediction of the response to Cetuximab plus Endostar in such clinical situations. (18)FDG-PET/CT is a useful molecular imaging modality to evaluate the biological response advanced hepatic metastasis and peritoneal carcinomatosis to Cetuximab plus Endostar in patients after remnant gastric cancer resection.
 ...
PMID:Epidermal growth factor receptor antibody plus recombinant human endostatin in treatment of hepatic metastases after remnant gastric cancer resection. 1802 13

We report the case of a 63-year-old male who developed rapidly progressive bilateral deafness. Two months later he became stuporous, and was transferred to our hospital. The patient's MRI demonstrated bilateral hypertrophic VII-VIII cranial nerve roots that were well enhanced. Gradually, the patient's condition worsened, and he died on the 12th day after admission. Autopsy revealed meningeal carcinomatosis with poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma. White firm masses of the bilateral seventh and eighth bilateral cranial nerve roots were found at autopsy, which were found to be metastases of the gastric cancer cells as well. Metastatic tumors can be take into consideration as a differential diagnosis for bilateral-enhanced eighth cranial nerve root masses.
 ...
PMID:[A case of meningeal carcinomatosis presenting with bilateral hearing loss]. 1809 90

Peritonectomy was done for 125 patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC): 19-pseudomyxomaperitonei (PMP), 15-appendiceal carcinoma (AC), 20-colorectal cancer, 67-gastric cancer, 2-small bowel cancer and 2-peritoneal mesothelioma. Cytoreduction by the standard techniques was done in 130 patients with PC. Complete cytoreduction (CC-0) was achieved in 85 of 125 (68%) patients, who have undergone peritonectomy, but was performed only in 28 of 130 (21%) by the standard surgical techniques. CC-0 could be done to patients with peritoneal cancer indices (PCI) of less than 14. A Cox model showed that significant prognostic factors are CC-0, and the patients were younger than 66 years old. Accordingly, peritonectomy increased the incidence of CC-0, and may have improved the prognosis of patients with PC. Peritonectomy is recommended for patients with PMP, AC and colorectal cancer. In gastric cancer, it is indicated for patients with PCI less than 14.
 ...
PMID:[Long-term results of peritonectomy on the patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis]. 1821 55


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>