Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The patient was a 61-year-old man who initially complained of skin pigmentation. He was diagnosed as malignant acanthosis nigricans associated with gastric cancer (IIc advanced) in March 1981. Surgical excision of the stomach was performed in May 1981. In July 1981 he experienced headache, vomiting and muscle weakness. A diagnosis of meningeal carcinomatosis was made based on his clinical symptoms, spinal fluid examination and a computerized tomography scan. The intraventricular administration of cytosine arabinoside, methotrexate and hydrocortisone via the Ommaya reservoir resulted in complete remission. In November 1981 the patient died of bronchopneumonia and sepsis due to pancytopenia.
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PMID:[Case of gastric cancer associated with acanthosis nigricans and meningeal carcinomatosis]. 688 26

Recurrent and/or inoperable gastric cancer has been treated by thermoradiotherapy at Kyoto University Hospital since 1983. In the present study, the efficacy of hyperthermia (using radiofrequency capacitive heating) plus radiotherapy for gastric cancer was evaluated in 21 patients with local recurrence, abdominal wall metastases, peritonitis carcinomatosis or paraaortic node metastases. The intratumour temperature was measured using a microthermocouple thermometer. The means of the maximum, average, and minimum intratumour temperature were 43.5, 42.1, and 41.1 degrees C respectively. The local tumour response was evaluated using computed tomography (CT). The local response rate (complete regression plus partial regression/all tumours) was 88.9%, which seemed to be higher than that of other reports using thermochemotherapy or radiotherapy alone. The one-year cumulative survival rate was 39.1%.
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PMID:Clinical experiences in the thermoradiotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. 759 4

A novel method of prophylaxis and treatment for peritoneal carcinomatosis--mitomycin C bound to activated carbon particles (MMC-CH)--was tested in patients with advanced gastric cancer in a prospective randomized study. Activated carbon particles are taken up selectively by lymphatic tissues, which seem to be a primary site of peritoneal carcinomatosis in the peritoneal cavity, and adsorb a large amount of anticancer agent mitomycin C, which is subsequently released slowly and for a protracted period. A group of 113 patients who underwent radical resection for gastric cancer with definite serosal involvement were entered in this trial. Those in the control group received no intraperitoneal anticancer drugs. Patients in the MMC-CH group were given 50 mg mitomycin C as MMC-CH, which was dispersed throughout the peritoneal cavity just before surgical closure. No other anticancer drugs were given to these patients after surgery. The 2- and 3-year survival rates for the MMC-CH group were 42% and 38%, respectively; and the rates for the control group were 28% and 20%, respectively. The difference in survival between the two groups was significant at 2 and 3 years (p < 0.05). For the survival of patients with macroscopic peritoneal carcinomatosis, there was no difference between these two groups. For the survival of patients who underwent histologically curative resection, 2- and 3-year survivals for the MMC-CH group were 66% and 66%, respectively and for the control group 35% and 20%, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p < 0.01) at both 2 and 3 years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Prophylaxis and treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis: intraperitoneal chemotherapy with mitomycin C bound to activated carbon particles. 767 1

Even with extended surgery, including systematic lymphadenectomy of the lymph node compartment II, only half of the patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC), which comprises stages IIIA, IIIB, and IV, undergo a macroscopic and microscopic tumor-free resection (i.e., R0 resection, according to UICC 1987/AICC 1988). An improvement of this situation is best accomplished by preoperative treatment modalities to increase the R0 resection rate and by preoperative and postoperative treatment to reduce local recurrences and distant metastases. For LAGC, which includes approximately two-thirds of patients with locoregionally confined tumors, preoperative chemotherapy (CTx) represents a promising approach. Among a group of patients with surgically or clinically staged unresectable LAGC, approximately half underwent R0 resection after down-staging induced by active modern CTx. The long-term survival of these patients seems to be improved. Even in patients who had primarily unresectable tumors as defined by an explorative laparotomy, the long-term survival was about 20% after preoperative CTx and subsequent surgery. Based on these experiences, randomized trials investigating preoperative CTx versus surgery alone are clearly needed to define whether such an approach has an impact on R0 resection rates and survival of patients with LAGC. Preconditions for such trials are clinical staging procedures, including endoscopic ultrasonography (T category) and surgical laparoscopy plus lavage (excluding peritoneal carcinomatosis), and a standardized surgical procedure.
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PMID:Preoperative chemotherapy for unresectable gastric cancer. 775 25

A series of 126 patients with gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy with systemic lymph node dissection revealed 9 patients who survived for a median time of only 3 months. Of these 9 patients, 4 were classified by the UICC system as stage II and 5 as stage III, all of whom had lymphangitis carcinomatosis of the lesser omentum. These data suggest that although lymphangitis carcinomatosis of the lesser omentum is an uncommon finding, if it is present, curative surgery is impossible and an operation should therefore be limited to tumor palliation.
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PMID:Lymphangitis carcinomatosis of the lesser omentum: a prognostic factor in gastric cancer. 777 6

Nineteen patients diagnosed with peritoneal carcinomatosis were treated by in-home chemotherapy over a period of four years from August, 1990 to July, 1994. Primary diagnoses of the four male and 15 female patients included 12 cases gastric cancer (four males, eight females), five cases of ovarian cancer, one case (female) of appendicular cancer, and one case (female) of breast cancer. In addition to oral administration of UFT-E and 5'-DFUR, chemotherapy included weekly intravenous injection of a massive dose of 5-FU (1,000 mg/m2), subselective intraaortic infusion and intraperitoneal infusion using a reservoir. These methods were used individually and in combination. The drugs used included 5-FU, CBDCA, CPA, THP, and EPIR. Subselective intraaortic infusion was performed by low dose continuous infusion using the Baxter infusor multiday type. Six gastric cancer patients lived normally for over one year, while four died in less than a year. All ovarian and appendicular cancer patients were CR, the breast cancer patient was PR. Ten patients continued working at their jobs while receiving at home chemotherapy treatments. Diuretics were used to alleviats ascites. Although there were no side effects on digestive organs, 5-FU and CBDCA were mixed with 100 mg hydrocortisone in the infusor to improve cachexia, and promote appetite and activity. Bone marrow suppression was very slight at these dosages, and weekly checkups were adequate. The at-home rate (number of days at home/entire period since onset) of all patients was 78%.
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PMID:[Home chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis]. 780 51

In spite of recent advances in the early diagnosis of gastric cancer by mass screening, gastric stump cancers following gastrectomy are still diagnosed at a highly advanced stage, and the surgical results remain very poor. Involvement of the fourth level lymph node stations, local peritoneal carcinomatosis and tumor growth invading the neighboring organs are frequently observed in advanced stump cancers. With the aim of achieving complete resection of these tumors, left upper abdominal evisceration (LUAE) + R4 gastrectomy was performed in 29 patients (Group B) with stump cancer as a radical surgical procedure. The survival of these patients was compared with that of 74 patients (Group A) who underwent total gastrectomy with or without pancreaticosplenectomy. Duration of surgery blood loss, and incidence of postoperative complications were similar with the two methods. When the survival rates were compared, the 5-year-survival rate in stage IV cases was higher for Group B than for Group A. LUAE + R4 gastrectomy is a rational technique for the surgical treatment of stage IV gastric stump cancer.
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PMID:A new surgical technique (left upper abdominal evisceration) for advanced carcinoma of the gastric stump. 805 99

Two patients, with terminal stage digestive tract carcinoma, are presented who received continuous nocturnal administration of intravenous 5-FU (300 mg/m2/day), between 9:00 pm and 8:00 am for more than 45 consecutive days. They showed improvement in general physical and functional status, and no side effects were observed. The first case is that of a patient with not only an early gastric cancer, but also a nonresectable esophageal cancer. After therapy, complete disappearance of the gastric cancer was noted by endoscopy. The second patient had advanced gastric cancer with carcinomatosis. He received intraperitoneal cisplatinum for intractable ascites without improvement. But after continuous nocturnal 5-FU therapy, a significant reduction in ascites was noted. Two cases did not experience leukopenia and no significant side effects were noted, even in the second patient who received nocturnal 5-FU for 122 days. The therapeutic effects of continuous nocturnal 5-FU administration generally appeared after 20 days, so a prolonged period of time seems to be important.
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PMID:[Nocturnal infusion of 5-fluorouracil in advanced digestive tract cancer--two case reports]. 818 49

The effectiveness of the intraperitoneal administration of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) for peritoneal carcinomatosis by gastric cancers was evaluated through experimental and clinical studies. In experimental studies, the effect of sodium thiosulfate (STS) on cytotoxic activity of DDP was evaluated by MTT assay using human gastric cancer cell lines. The cytotoxic activity of DDP was reduced by 50% with 100-fold STS in the area under the curve (AUC), whereas 10-fold STS in AUC did not reduce the cytotoxicity of DDP. In clinical studies, patients were treated with one of three protocols: Group A was treated by the intraperitoneal injection (ip) of DDP at a dose of 70 mg/m2, and group B or C was treated by ip DDP at a dose of 110 mg/m2 with or without STS rescue. The pharmacodynamics and the adverse effects of treatments were evaluated between these three protocols. In group C, the means of AUC of STS were 2.43-, 10.8- and 86.8-fold those of total platinum in the peritoneal cavity, plasma, and urine, respectively. There were 1/5, 1/2 and 2/2 partial responses in peritoneal carcinomatosis patients treated with A, B and C. Renal toxicity was not observed in the patients treated with DDP and STS rescue. STS does not seem to reduce the antitumor activity of DDP in peritoneal cavity and plasma, while the renal cytotoxicity was reduced by STS rescue. The result led us to conclude that intraperitoneal DDP treatment combined with STS rescue would be useful chemotherapy against peritoneal carcinomatosis by gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Intraperitoneal administration of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) for peritoneal carcinomatosis caused by gastric cancers]. 837 38

A new dosage format (MMC-CH) of mitomycin C, which is composed of mitomycin C on activated carbon particles, was efficacious for prevention of peritoneal recurrence of gastric cancer. However, it had no such excellent therapeutic effect on the survival of patients with peritoneal dissemination. Out of 50 patients with peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer treated by intraperitoneal administration of MMC-CH, 4 patients have survived for long periods of time (39-80 months). However, all of the other 50 patients, who did not receive intraperitoneally administered MMC-CH, died of peritoneal carcinomatosis within two years.
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PMID:[Four long-surviving cases of gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination treated by intraperitoneal administration of mitomycin C adsorbed on activated carbon particles]. 837 53


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