Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The distribution of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) activity in extracts of tumors from 74 patients was measured. The results demonstrated that there was considerable variation of MGMT activity in different human tumor tissues as well as in different individuals. The mean values (X +/- SD, pmol/mg of protein) in breast cancer, stomach cancer, small cell lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, brain tumors, colon carcinoma and malignant melanoma were 1.071 +/- 0.374 (9), 0.515 +/- 0.107 (5), 0.509 +/- 0.251 (5), 0.461 +/- 0.227 (24), 0.329 +/- 0.246 (5), 0.273 +/- 0.376 (5), 0.244 +/- 0.175 (14), 0.242 +/- 0.308 (5) and 0.201 +/- 0.161 (2) respectively. It was notable that six samples (1/24 non-small cell lung cancer, 3/5 esophageal carcinoma, 1/14 brain tumors and 1/5 colon carcinoma) did not have any detectable level of MGMT activity. Activity of glutamine pyruvic transaminase (GPT) was also measured in the same extracts used for the assay of MGMT activity. The activity of GPT in these samples with undetectable level of MGMT activity was similar to those with significant MGMT activity. These results further strengthen the assumption that a certain fraction of human tumors are Mer-.
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PMID:O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase activity in human tumors. 139 31

Development of double cancer was evaluated in 311 small cell lung cancer patients who had received intensive chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy. Of those, 10 patients (3.2%) developed a second malignancy:stomach cancer in four, non-small cell lung cancer in three, acute myelogenous leukemia in two, and liver cancer in one. The cumulative risk for the development of double cancer was 1.0% at 1-year, 17.0% at 3-years, and 100% at 8.1 years. The relative risk for the development of double cancer calculated by person-year method utilizing age and sex adjusted cancer incidence in Japan was 2.96-fold (p less than 0.01). The risk of non-small cell lung cancer (6.65-fold) and acute myelogenous leukemia (54.9-fold) was particularly high. Of 21 patients who survived disease-free for more than 2 years, 8 patients died; four patients (50%) died of second malignancy, two died of infectious disease, and only two patients died from recurrent small cell lung cancer. These results indicate that a cautious follow-up program for the detection of double cancer is indicated in patients surviving small cell lung cancer.
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PMID:[Double cancer in small cell lung cancer patients treated with intensive chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy]. 166 79

By flow cytometric assays, we tested the antibodies of the Second International Workshop on Small Cell Lung Cancer Antigens against 20 normal peripheral leukocytes, four small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines (one classic type, and three variant type) and one gastric cancer line (KATO 3). Thirteen antibodies (Code # 4, 12, 21, 31, 34, 41, 48, 58, 60, 61, 74, 77, 82) among 98 registered antibodies showed a very similar pattern to antibody NE150, which was previously characterised as SCLC cluster 1. Since NE150 showed a positive reaction to the natural killer (NK) cell population, the serological specificity was compared with NK cell-associated antibodies, NKH1 (CD56), Leu7 (CD57) and Leu11 (CD16). Only NKH1 antibody showed a similar pattern to NE150, when tested against various target cells including SCLC lines and peripheral leukocytes, suggesting that NKH1 is a cluster 1 antibody, although it was already classified as CD56 of hematopoietic cells. By sequential immunoprecipitation, the antigen detected by NE150 antibody was depleted by preincubation with NKH1 antibody, but the reactivity of NE150 was not inhibited by NKH1 antibody, suggesting that NE150 and NKH1 detect different epitopes on the same antigen molecule. Epitope analysis was also conducted with 13 antibodies of cluster 1. Ten were found to detect the same epitope as NE150. The other three did not inhibit the binding of NE150 or NKH1, suggesting that there are at least three epitopes. Since the cluster 1 antibodies were demonstrated to detect NCAM, the present results suggest the presence of at least three epitopes on this molecule.
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PMID:Epitope analysis of cluster 1 and NK cell-related monoclonal antibodies. 171 Jan 38

DNA fragments amplified in a stomach cancer-derived cell line, KATO-III, were previously identified by the in-gel DNA renaturation method, and a 0.2-kilobase-pair fragment of the amplified sequence was subsequently cloned. By genomic walking, a portion of the exon of the gene flanking this 0.2-kilobase-pair fragment was cloned, and the gene was designated as K-sam (KATO-III cell-derived stomach cancer amplified gene). The K-sam cDNAs, corresponding to the 3.5-kilobase K-sam mRNA, were cloned from the KATO-III cells. Sequence analysis revealed that this gene coded for 682 amino acid residues that satisfied the characteristics of the receptor tyrosine kinase. The K-sam gene had significant homologies with bek, FLG, and chicken basic fibroblast growth factor receptor gene. The K-sam gene was amplified in KATO-III cells with the major transcript of 3.5-kilobases in size. This gene was also expressed in some other stomach cancer cells, a small cell lung cancer, and germ cell tumors.
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PMID:K-sam, an amplified gene in stomach cancer, is a member of the heparin-binding growth factor receptor genes. 237 25

The effectiveness of polychemotherapy (platidiam + chemoradiation treatment) for extensive cancer of the esophagus, stomach and lung was studied in 71 patients. Response rate in esophageal cancer patients after platidiam, methotrexate and prospidin was 31%, which increased to 65% after irradiation. In stomach cancer patients treated with platidiam, 5-fluorouracil and vincristine, antitumor effect was registered in 30% and a 50% regression of tumor following radiotherapy--in 37%. In small cell lung cancer group, chemotherapy (platidiam + cyclophosphamide + vincristine) was effective in 37.5% and in 83% when combined with radiotherapy.
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PMID:[The effectiveness of chemoradiotherapy of malignant tumors using platidiam]. 284 30

A 53-year-old man complained of anorexia and abdominal distention of one month's duration. The chest X-ray demonstrated a mass in the left lung with hilar and mediastinal adenopathy and a lytic lesion in the right fourth rib. A transbronchoscopic biopsy of the mass revealed oat cell carcinoma (WHO classification). The endoscopic evaluation also revealed a gastric lesion (IIc type). Biopsy of this lesion indicated signet ring cell gastric cancer. An abdominal CT scan demonstrated multiple liver metastases. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed as having synchronous lung and gastric primaries, with liver and bone metastasis from lung cancer. Carboplatin (CBDCA) was administered by intravenous drip infusion of 450 mg/m2. After a second treatment with CBDCA about 3 weeks later, the patient achieved a partial response at the primary site of lung cancer as well as at the liver and bone metastases. In addition, repeat endoscopy of the stomach demonstrated a complete regression. A biopsy specimen taken by gastroscopy was negative for cancer cells. Subsequent chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer was administered with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and vincristine, and to date there is no evidence of recurrence. Further studies on CBDCA treatment of small cell lung cancer and gastric cancer are needed to establish the efficacy of this drug against these two histologically different cancers.
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PMID:A case report of synchronous small cell lung cancer and gastric cancer successfully treated with carboplatin. 301 77

The effects of carboplatin and cisplatin on colony formation in stomach and lung cancer cell lines were examined and compared. The colony-inhibitory activity of carboplatin against stomach and lung cancer cell lines was similar to that of cisplatin when one-tenth of the peak plasma concentration of each drug was used (r = 0.80). One of the four stomach cancer cell lines was sensitive to carboplatin although all the stomach cancer cell lines were resistant to cisplatin. Of the three small cell lung cancer cell lines tested, two were sensitive to both carboplatin and cisplatin, and only one cell line (N857) was resistant to cisplatin; all the non-small cell cancer cell lines tested were resistant to both drugs. On the basis of these preliminary results, we suggest that carboplatin has potential therapeutic activity against stomach cancer and should be evaluated carefully from this aspect.
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PMID:In vitro colony inhibition of carboplatin against stomach and lung cancer cell lines in comparison with cisplatin. 303 44

In vitro antitumor effects of human recombinant tumor necrotizing factor (rH-TNF) were examined against nine lung cancer cell lines including six non small and three small cell lung cancer, four stomach cancer cell lines and 30 freshly isolated lung cancer cell samples by the human tumor clonogenic assay. rH-TNF did not show any inhibitory effect on the colony formations of lung and stomach cancer cell lines, except for PC10 established from squamous cell carcinoma even at the high concentration. The overall response rate of fresh material was 11.5%. The colony formations of only two materials from 20 patients without prior chemotherapy were significantly suppressed by rH-TNF in vitro. Three specimens of adenocarcinoma exhibited more than 70% decrease in colony number by treating with 100 and 1000 u/ml of rH-TNF resulting in the response rate of 15.8% (3/19). From these results, it can be concluded that rH-TNF has modest direct cytotoxic effect on lung cancer, and additional study against adenocarcinoma of the lung might be warranted.
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PMID:In vitro antitumor effect of recombinant human tumor necrotizing factor on cultured human cancer cell lines and freshly isolated lung cancer cells by the human tumor clonogenic assay. 343 40

We have utilized a recently developed human tumor cloning system to screen for antitumor effects in vitro of a new anthracenedione derivative, Mitoxantrone. The object was to determine if the system is useful for pinpointing the types of tumors in patients which should be studied in early Phase II clinical trials. Tumors from 267 patients were placed in culture (20 different histological tumor types). One hundred seventy tumors both grew and formed enough colonies for drug sensitivity assays. Excellent in vitro antitumor activity was noted for Mitoxantrone against human adenocarcinoma of the lung, small cell lung cancer, melanoma, and biliary tree cancer. Good antitumor activity was noted against breast cancer, ovarian cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, head and neck cancer, squamous cell lung cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, gastric cancer, and hepatomas. The drug showed no in vitro activity against colon cancer. These data indicate that Mitoxantrone has a wide spectrum of in vitro antitumor activity. A comparison of these in vitro results with the results of Phase II clinical trials with the drug should allow an evaluation of the utility of the human tumor cloning system for predicting clinical antitumor activity of a new compound.
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PMID:Activity of mitoxantrone in a human tumor cloning system. 721 52

Ten patients with stage I-II SCLC received IC-AS between 1984 and 1993. As induction chemotherapy, COMP-VAN alternating chemotherapy and CAV-PVP hybrid chemotherapy were administered. The former consisted of a 4-drug combination of cyclophosphamide (CPA), vincristine (VCR), methotrexate (MTX) and procarbazine alternated with a 3-drug combination of etoposide (ETP), adriamycin (ADM) and nimustine every 4 weeks. In the latter, a 3-drug combination of CPA, ADM and VCR given on day 1, and a 2-drug combination of ETP and cisplatin on day 8, were repeated every 4 weeks. All the patients had an objective response, including one complete response by induction chemotherapy. Post-operative pathology revealed SCLC in 4 patients, adenocarcinoma in 2 and no tumor (pathological CR) in 4. Four patients relapsed, and a intrathoracic relapse was experienced in only 2 patients. Six patients have died: 3 from relapsing SCLC, 2 from stomach cancer, and 1 from squamous lung cancer, who was salvaged from relapsing SCLC. The median survival time was 27.5 months, and the 3-year survival rate 37.5%. These results indicate that IC-AS is highly effective for stage I-II SCLC and warrant additional studies comparing IC-AS with chemo-radiotherapy.
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PMID:[Induction chemotherapy followed by adjuvant surgery (IC-AS) in patients with stage I-II small cell lung cancer (SCLC)]. 748 26


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