Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A phase II clinical trial of a new anthracycline, 4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP-ADM), was performed in thirty-one patients with advanced malignant tumors refractory to standard chemotherapies. The dosage of THP-ADM was 40 mg/m2 by iv bolus injection repeated every 3 weeks. Of 3 evaluable patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, one achieved partial remission. A minor response was noted in one out of 7 patients with gastric cancer and one out of 5 patients with ovarian cancer. Leukopenia less than 4 X 10(3)/cmm and thrombocytopenia less than 100 X 10(3)/cmm were seen in 81% and 19% of cases, respectively. Mild gastrointestinal toxicities including nausea and vomiting and anorexia were observed in about one third of the patients. Mild hair loss occurred in 2 patients (6%). No ECG abnormalities on clinical sign of cardiotoxicity were seen.
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PMID:[Phase II study of 4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin(THP-ADM)]. 669 55

A patient with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach developed microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, renal insufficiency, and fluctuating neurological abnormalities in association with appreciably raised plasma concentrations of immune complexes. This syndrome, similar to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, occurred while the tumour was in sustained objective remission after successful treatment with fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and mitomycin. Reversal of the syndrome was achieved with plasmapheresis, azathioprine, corticosteroids, and antiplatelet treatment; this response was paralleled by a reduction in immune complex concentration, suggesting an immune aetiology for the syndrome. Antibodies eluted from the immune complexes reacted with 50% of cells from the gastric cancer but less than 10% of cells from normal gastric mucosa. There was no reactivity with either carcinoembryonic antigen or mitomycin. A 17S immune complex reacted with a glycoprotein from the patient's autologous platelets and produced platelet aggregation. It is postulated that reducing the tumour and the pre-existing state of antigen excess by chemotherapy allowed soluble antigen-antibody complexes to form and the syndrome to develop.
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PMID:Gastric carcinoma and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: association with plasma immune complex concentrations. 680 53

Sakata, et al. has already reported that the combination therapy of mitomycin-C, carboquone, 5-fluorouracil and OK-432 (MQF-OK therapy) which had established from animal experiments, was exceedingly effective for inoperable human gastric cancer. In this paper, the effectiveness of MQF-OK therapy for inoperable gastric cancer was compared with that of MFC therapy. To perform this controlled study, a "large area" co-operative study group of cancer chemotherapy, composed of 14 institutions in Aomori and a part of Akita prefectures, was organized. From April 1977 to April 1980, patients were registered and 61 cases were evaluable; 31 out of 61 were treated with MQF-OK therapy (MQF-OK group) and the others with MFC group. The background of the cases, such as sex, age etc, was not different significantly between two groups statistically. According to the response criteria of Japan Society for Cancer Therapy, 18 cases out of 31 cases of MQF-OK group and 9 of 30 cases of MFC group showed "improvement." According to Karnofsky's criteria 17 cases of MQF-OK group and 8 of MFC group showed effectiveness more than I-A, respectively. There was a statistical significance between the two groups (P less than 0.001). By Kaplan-Meier's method, the MQF-OK group survived longer than the MFC group (P = 0.05). The complications, such as leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia or gastrointestinal complaints, were more frequently found in MQF-OK-432 group than in MFC group (P less than 0.05). But these complications decreased or resolved spontaneously 1 to 4 weeks after the administration of MQF-OK therapy. On these results, MQF-OK therapy was considered excellent method for treatment of inoperable gastric cancer and will be furthermore attempted against other cancers.
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PMID:[MQF-OK therapy in advanced terminal stomach cancer--with special reference to a comparison with MFC therapy]. 682 Aug 75

Twenty-one patients with advanced gastric cancer were treated with a combination chemotherapy of adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil (AF). The AF regimen consisting of adriamycin 35-50 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1, 5-fluorouracil 350-500 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1-3 was repeated in every three weeks intervals. Partial response was obtained in four patients (25%) in 16 evaluable patients and responded lesions were abdominal mass and skin metastasis. Two patients had minor responses, seven had stable diseases, and three had progressive diseases. The median duration of response for responders was three months ranging one to five months and the median survival time of responders was twelve months ranging two to fourteen months, whereas that of non-responders was eight months. Moderate bone marrow suppression was seen; that is, seven (33%) out of twenty-one patients had leukopenia less than 2,000/mm3 and two (10%) out of twenty-one patients had thrombocytopenia less than 10 X 10(4)/mm3. Moderate nausea occurred in thirteen patients (62%), whereas vomiting did in nine patients (43%). Nearly total alopecia was observed in sixteen patients (76%). Based on these results, we conclude that AF regimen can be administered without severe toxicities and it is one of the useful regimens for advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Co-administration of adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil for the treatment of advanced stomach cancer]. 687 Feb 96

50 patients with advanced gastrointestinal malignancies were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5FU), 1-(2-chloroethyl)3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea (MeCCNU) and mitomycin C (Mito C). 43 patients, with diagnoses of colorectal, pancreatic or gastric cancer, were evaluable. 13 patients (30%) achieved complete remissions, and 4 achieved partial remissions. The median durations of responses in colorectal, pancreatic and gastric disease were 11.0, 11.0, and 11.5 months, respectively. Survival was definitely prolonged in responding patients with pancreatic and gastric carcinomas. The combination was well tolerated. Mucositis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia were the major toxicities that occurred. The quality of life was improved in all responding patients.
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PMID:The efficacy of 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C, and methyl CCNU in advanced gastrointestinal malignancy. 701 Feb 57

The Southwest Oncology Group conducted a phase II study of anguidine in 134 patients with gastrointestinal malignancies. Anguidine was administered as a 4-hour infusion at doses of 3.0 and 4.5 mg/m2 daily x 5. Response rates for patients with colon carcinoma were 22% (four of 18 patients without previous chemotherapy) and 6% (four of 63 patients with previous chemotherapy). There were no responses in patients with pancreatic cancer (four patients) or gastric cancer (six). Toxic effects included thrombocytopenia (19.8%), leukopenia (18.8%), nausea and vomiting (49%), hypotension (37%), and confusion (12%). Antitumor activity of anguidine in patients with colon cancer may be similar to that of 5-FU, but nonhematologic toxicity is substantial.
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PMID:Phase II study of anguidine in gastrointestinal malignancies: a Southwest Oncology Group study. 705 20

4'-Carboxyphthalato(1,2-diaminocyclohexane)platinum(II) is a new, second generation platinum analog which had demonstrated in vitro activity in L1210 cell lines resistant to cisplatin and had less nephrotoxicity than did cisplatin in preclinical animal testing. A Phase I trial with this agent has been performed in 45 patients with advanced refractory cancers. Nine dosage levels, ranging from 40 to 800 mg/sq m, were studied. Major toxicities seen were myelosuppression, nephrotoxicity (which was generally mild), nausea and vomiting (which was quantitatively less than that seen with cis-platin), allergic reactions, and a peripheral neuropathy. The dose-limiting toxicity was thrombocytopenia. Pharmacokinetics performed at three dosage levels indicates that 4'-carboxyphthalato-(1,2-diaminocyclohexane)platinum(II) has a long t1/2 of 20 to 30 hr (total platinum) and is only partially excreted in the urine and that a high proportion of the drug is nonfilterable within 30 to 60 min of administration. Therapeutic responses were seen in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, adenocarcinoma of the cervix, and lung and gastric cancer. As a starting dose for Phase II studies, which are planned for patients with ovarian, testicular, lung, gastric, and esophageal cancers, 640 mg/sq m given every 3 to 4 weeks is recommended.
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PMID:Phase I clinical trial and pharmacokinetics of 4'-carboxyphthalato(1,2-diaminocyclohexane)platinum(II). 712 19

Hemostatic abnormalities are rather frequent in cancer patients either in hematological or in solid tumors. Acute disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a rare coagulopathy in cancer patients, but when it develops it becomes rapidly fatal. Between June 1988 and December 1992 we observed 8 cases of acute DIC occurring in gastric cancer (4 patients), breast cancer (3 patients) and high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma (1 patient). In 3 patients affected by gastric carcinoma, acute DIC was the first manifestation of the presence of the tumor, while in the other patients DIC occurred during the course of the disease. All the patients were treated with heparin, fresh frozen plasma and platelet support, but only in 1 patient was a short duration improvement of clinical conditions and coagulation tests recorded. Acute DIC can be the first manifestation of gastric tumors and the presence of the hemorrhagic syndrome associated with thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products should initiate a search for gastric carcinoma.
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PMID:Acute disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome in cancer patients. 747 40

A patient with advanced gastric cancer with multiple liver metastases was treated by reduction surgery at the primary site as well as by the intraarterial administration of mitomycin C (MMC) and cisplatin (CDDP) through a reservoir catheter inserted into the proper hepatic artery. After a palliative subtotal gastrectomy, MMC 8 mg/m2 was administered intraarterially (i.a.) followed by the administration of CDDP 80 or 40 mg/m2 i.a. with an interval of less than 1 week. After the completion of five courses of this regimen, a complete reduction of the hepatic tumors was achieved, while the level of serum carcinoembryonic antigen decreased to the normal range. The patient is currently alive with signs of disease recurrence at 17 months after initial diagnosis, while additional therapy with MMC + CDDP was continuously undergone until 17 months' after initial diagnosis with various interval. Although thrombocytopenia occurred during the treatment, it resolved within a few weeks after completing the combination chemotherapy without any specific treatment. The present case showed a better prognosis than we had expected, which suggested that combination chemotherapy with MMC and CDDP might thus be clinically useful because of its excellent antitumor activity and low toxicity.
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PMID:Combination chemotherapy with mitomycin C and cisplatin for advanced gastric cancer with multiple liver metastases. 753 79

A phase III randomised study, comparing treatment with fluorouracil, epidoxorubicin and methotrexate (FEMTX) with the best supportive care, was conducted in patients with unresectable or metastatic gastric cancer. During the period from July 1986 to June 1992, 41 patients were randomised to receive FEMTX or best supportive care. MTX was given in a dose of 1500 mg m-2 intravenously (i.v.) followed after 1 h by 5-FU 1500 mg m-2 i.v. on day 1; leucovorin rescue was started after 24 h (30 mg orally every 6 h for 48 h) and epidoxorubicin 60 mg m-2 i.v. was administered on day 15. In addition both groups received tablets containing vitamins A and E. Response rates for FEMTX were as follows: complete response (CR), 19% (4/21); partial response (PR), 10% (2/21); no change (NC), 33% (7/21); and progressive disease (PD), 24% (5/21). Response rates in the control group were: NC, 20% (4/20); and PD, 80% (16/20). Increased pain was observed in one patient in the treated group and in 11 patients in the control group within the first 2 months. WHO grade III/IV toxicity in the chemotherapy group was as follows: nausea/vomiting 40%, diarrhoea 10%, stomatitis 15%, leucopenia 50% and thrombocytopenia 10%. One possible treatment-related death was due to sepsis. The median time to progression in the FEMTX group was 5.4 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.1-11.7 months], but only 1.7 months in the control group (95% CI 1.2-2.7 months) (P = 0.0013). Similarly, the FEMTX group displayed significantly (P = 0.0006) prolonged survival compared with the control group, i.e. median survival 12.3 months (95% CI 7.1-15.6 months) vs 3.1 months (95% CI 1.6-4.6 months). In conclusion, FEMTX combined with vitamin A and E is a fairly well-tolerated treatment, giving a response rate of 29% in patients with advanced gastric cancer, and also prolonging patients' survival. It can be used as a reference treatment in testing new investigational combinations.
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PMID:Randomised comparison of fluorouracil, epidoxorubicin and methotrexate (FEMTX) plus supportive care with supportive care alone in patients with non-resectable gastric cancer. 753 17


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