Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

140 patients with advanced gastric cancer confirmed by pathology were treated by UFT (Uracil, FT-207) and mitomycin C (MMC) from Sept. 1985 to June 1987. All the patients received UFT #3 T. i. d. to a total dose of 30 g. Mitomycin C, 8-20 mg i. v. Q. wk was given to a total dose of 48-60 mg. Of the 140 patients, 65 had cancer of cardia, 36 cancer of gastric body, and 39 cancer of gastric antrum. There were 125 males and 15 females. The ages ranged from 30 to 80 years. In this series, CR was 10.0% and PR 44.3% with total remission rate of 54.3% (76/140). Thirty-four patients receiving UFT alone as control had a response rate of 26.5%. The response rate was higher in patients treated with UFTM than those with UFT alone. The median remission was 4 months. That main side effects were leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. The results showed that combination chemotherapy (UFTM) was valid in treating advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Combined UFTM for 140 patients with advanced gastric cancer]. 255 64

Three hundred five patients with advanced pancreatic and gastric carcinoma were randomly assigned to treatment with fluorouracil, fluorouracil plus doxorubicin (Adriamycin) (FA), or fluorouracil plus doxorubicin plus mitomycin (mitomycin C) (FAM). All regimens were equivalent with regard to patient survival. There is no reasonable likelihood that either the FA or FAM regimen could produce a meaningful survival advantage over fluorouracil alone. Interval to disease progression, objective response rates, and palliative effects (improved performance, body weight, or symptoms) were essentially equivalent among the three regimens. With regard to toxicity, the FAM regimen produced more anorexia, nausea, vomiting, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and cumulative bone marrow suppression. Fluorouracil alone produced more stomatitis and diarrhea. Because of a failure to produce improved survival or palliation, unrewarded toxicity, and excessive cost, neither the FA nor FAM regimen can be recommended for the treatment of advanced pancreatic or gastric cancer.
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PMID:A comparison of three chemotherapeutic regimens in the treatment of advanced pancreatic and gastric carcinoma. Fluorouracil vs fluorouracil and doxorubicin vs fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and mitomycin. 257 57

Three cases of chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) following advanced cancer are reported. Case 1. A 54-year-old male patient was referred to our clinic in a semicomatose state. Bilateral CSH was evacuated through a pair of burr holes, and consciousness was recovered. However, subependymal hemorrhage occurred at the third ventricle 6 days after the operation. Hematological examination revealed thrombocytopenia. He died 12 days after operation because of hemorrhage in the lung. Postmortem examination disclosed metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown origin to the dura mater, lymph nodes, lung and bone marrow. Case 2. A 50-year-old male patient who was diagnosed as having gastric cancer was referred to our clinic in a state of deep coma. CT scan revealed CSH and putaminal hemorrhage at the left side. Hematological examination revealed disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). After the subdural hematoma was evacuated, the putaminal hematoma enlarged and hemorrhagic infarction at the left temporo-occipital lobes occurred. He died 2 days after operation. Autopsy was not carried out, but histological examination revealed poorly differentiated malignant cells in the outer membrane of the subdural hematoma. Case 3. A 53-year-old female patient who had a history of gastric cancer operated on 4 years ago was admitted to our clinic complaining of headache and vomiting. CT scan revealed bilateral subdural hematoma. Following a pair of burr-holes and irrigation of the hematoma, hemorrhage recurred alternatively at the left side on the 6th and at the right side on the 27th day after the operation. Hematological examination revealed DIC, and bone marrow puncture disclosed metastasis of the adenocarcinoma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Chronic subdural hematoma following advanced cancer: report of three cases]. 258 17

Fourteen patients with advanced gastric cancer consisting of seven primary cases and seven recurrent cases were treated with the combination of etoposide, adriamycin and cisplatin (EAP). One of the primary cases (14%) and three of the recurrent cases (43%) responded to the therapy, but a high incidence of toxicities including leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, alopecia, nausea and vomiting was observed. It is concluded that EAP therapy can be useful in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer if countermeasures to the toxicities of these drugs are considered.
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PMID:[Combination therapy with etoposide, adriamycin and cisplatin in advanced primary and recurrent gastric cancer]. 259 54

Bone marrow necrosis (BMN) is a rare complication and is characterized by the presence of an eosinophilic amorphous material in the bone marrow. The clinical, analytical and histological characteristics of 4 patients with BMN associated to a neoplastic process are described. One of them was a gastric cancer but the neoplastic origin could not de determined in the other three cases. Three patients presented bone pain, but in all four patients thrombopenia, anemia, leuko-erythroblastic reaction and elevated LDH was found. A literature review is carried out and the possible physiopathological mechanisms are discussed.
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PMID:[Necrosis of the bone marrow and cancer]. 269 2

Thirty-four patients with locally advanced, nonresectable gastric cancer (staged by laparotomy) received etoposide, Adriamycin (doxorubicin; Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH), and cisplatin (EAP). Thirty-three patients were evaluable for response and toxicity. Second-look surgery with removal of residual tumor by gastrectomy and lymphadenectomy was performed in case of complete/partial remission (CR/PR) after EAP. After successful resection (R0- and R1-resection), two cycles of EAP were administered for consolidation therapy. Patients refusing reoperation received up to six cycles of EAP. The response rate (CR/PR) after EAP was 70% (23/33), including a 21% (7/33) rate of clinical CRs (CCRs). Two patients had minor remission (MR)/no change and seven had progressive disease. There was one early death. Nineteen of 23 responders (5 CCRs, 14 clinical PRs [CPRs]) and one patient with MR underwent second-look surgery. Five CCRs were pathologically confirmed; 10 patients with CPR were without evidence of disease (NED) after resection. In three patients (CPR), R1-resections (microscopically tumor-cell positive proximal margin) were performed; two patients are disease-free, 22+ and 33+ months after consolidation chemotherapy. In two patients, the tumor was again considered nonresectable. Twenty patients were disease-free after EAP +/- surgery +/- consolidation chemotherapy. Toxicity was primarily hematologic. Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia of World Health Organization (WHO) grade 3 occurred in 30% and 9%, respectively and grade 4 in 18% and 9% of the patients, respectively. There was no increased peri- or postoperative morbidity. After a median follow-up of 20 months for disease-free patients, the relapse rate is 60% (12/20). The median survival time for all patients is 18 months and for disease-free patients 24 months. EAP is highly effective in locally advanced gastric cancer, and offers a chance for surgery with curative intention in patients with an otherwise fatal prognosis.
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PMID:Preoperative chemotherapy in locally advanced and nonresectable gastric cancer: a phase II study with etoposide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin. 276 30

Disease-oriented phase II trials of doxifluridine were performed in advanced colorectal, breast, renal, endometrial, stomach, and ovarian carcinomas. The dose schedule recommended by the phase I trial (12.5 g/m2 by continuous iv infusion over 6 hours once a week for 3 weeks followed by a 1-week rest) was chosen first: the initial dose was later decreased to 10 g/m2 due to the fact that several neurotoxic effects were reported. A total of 207 patients were entered: 137 patients who received at least two courses of treatment were evaluable for response. Therapeutic activity was demonstrated in breast cancer [two complete responses (CR) and 13 partial responses (PR) among 42 patients], colon cancer (seven PRs among 35 patients), and rectal cancer (six PRs among 23 patients). Some therapeutic activity was detected in ovarian cancer (one CR among nine patients), endometrial cancer (one PR among five patients), and stomach cancer (one PR among five patients). No significant activity was noticed in renal cancer (one PR among 18 patients). Nonhematological toxicity was evaluated according to World Health Organization criteria. Nausea and vomiting were recorded in 50% of the patients (Grade 3-4 in 5%), diarrhea was recorded in 20% (Grade 3-4 in 5%), and cutaneous and allergic reactions were recorded in 10% (Grade 3-4 in 2%). Myelotoxicity during the first treatment course was mild; median wbc and platelet count nadirs (x 10(9) cells/L) were 4.1 (range, 0.1-11) and 194 (range, 20-482), respectively. Nevertheless, some cases of acute leukopenia and thrombopenia were reported. Consciousness alterations and neurologic symptoms were the major side effects (72 of 173 evaluable patients), since treatment had to be interrupted in 34 patients and four lethal neurotoxic effects occurred. At the same total dose of doxifluridine, the risk of neurotoxicity significantly increases with age and with the weekly dose and to the contrary it decreases with increasing bilirubin level. Although activity was demonstrated, this treatment cannot be recommended because of major neurotoxicity. Further pharmacological studies seem warranted to define the optimal dosage schedule and to obtain a better therapeutic index.
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PMID:Phase II clinical evaluation of doxifluridine. 294 45

Twenty-five patients with gastrointestinal tumors (stomach 13, colon 8, pancreas 2, liver 2) were treated with a combination chemotherapy regimen consisting of CDDP (30 mg/m2/day d 1, 2) and 5-FU (500 mg/m2/day d 1-3), repeated every 3 or 4 weeks. The patients comprised 14 males and 11 females with a median age of 50 years (range 24-69), and a median performance status of 80% (range 40-100%). Thirteen patients had had prior chemotherapy. Partial response was observed in 2 patients (colon and liver), which lasted for 2 months each, respectively. No objective response was observed in 11 patients evaluable for gastric cancer. Non-hematological toxicities were nausea (92%), vomiting (56%), proteinuria (17%), transient elevation of BUN (8%), and hepatotoxicity (11%). Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia were observed in 71% and 25%, respectively. However, these toxicities were mild to moderate, and generally well tolerated.
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PMID:[Combination chemotherapy of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in gastrointestinal tumors]. 301 30

The effect of postoperative immunochemotherapy with mitomycin C (MMC), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and OK-432 was evaluated as an adjuvant therapy after curative resection for gastric cancer. Immediately after surgery, patients were randomly allocated to the following three treatments: (A) chemotherapy with MMC and 5-FU (32 cases); (B) chemoimmunotherapy with MMC, 5-FU and OK-432 (33 cases); and (C) surgery alone as control (34 cases). There were no significant differences in the background factors influencing survival time among the groups, and there was no dose-distribution of chemotherapeutic agents between groups A and B. While the differences were not statistically significant, the survival rate and disease-free interval of group B were better than those of groups A or C. Side effects such as gastroenteric disorder, leukopenia (less than 3,000/mm3), thrombocytopenia (less than 7 X 10(4)/mm3) and increase of serum transaminase level (GPT greater than or equal to 100 units) were less frequently observed in group B than in group A. The results of the present study seemed to indicate that chemoimmunotherapy with OK-432 may be effective for surgical adjuvant therapy.
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PMID:[A randomized controlled trial of surgical adjuvant therapy with mitomycin C, 5-fluorouracil and OK-432 in patients with gastric cancer]. 308 93

To evaluate the therapeutic effects of THP-adriamycin (THP), single agent chemotherapy and combination chemotherapy with THP were undertaken in 16 patients with advanced gastric cancer. In the eight patients in the THP single agent group. Only three minor responses (MRs) were obtained. However, three partial remissions (PRs) and one MR were observed in the eight patients in the THP combination group. In which 5-FU was two patient FT-207 in another two and CDDP in one. No severe side effects were observed with the THP chemotherapy, while leukopenia of less than 3,000/mm was commonly seen (69%). Only three patients showed alopecia. Thrombocytopenia of less than 30,000/mm3 and transient arrhythmia were observed in one patient each. These side effects were apparently milder than those with adriamycin. From a pharmacokinetic study of THP and adriamycin. It was found that THP was superior to adriamycin in its transferability from the blood to cancer tissue. In conclusion, it is suggested that combination chemotherapy with THP is useful for advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Clinical study of THP-adriamycin in patients with advanced gastric cancer]. 309 Mar 1


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