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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The role of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma GT), phosphohexose isomerase (PHI), pseudouridine (psi) and acute phase reactant proteins (C-reactive protein (CRP) alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP] in assessing the prognosis of gastrointestinal neoplasms and the discriminant function in distinguishing benign from malignant diseases of the GI tract was examined. In stomach cancer pre-operative levels of CRP can help in the identification of the patients with a resectable tumour; the pre-operative biochemical measurements do not give any further information on prognosis once stage and site are taken into account. In colorectal cancer pre-operative ACT levels give additional prognostic information once the clinical factors, Dukes stage, sex and age have been accounted for; PHI levels are on the border line of significance. A discriminant function has been devised using sex, CEA, psi, gamma GT, ACT and PHI that can identify 89% of Dukes "D" patients prior to surgery with a misclassification of 7% of other cases of colorectal cancer. A discriminant function using all the biochemical variates separated the cancer from non-cancer patients. The false positive rate for cancer was 16% and a false negative rate of 19%, when the cut-off level was set at 0.7.
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PMID:Multivariate analyses as aids to diagnosis and assessment of prognosis in gastrointestinal cancer. 668 31

Of 16 human malignant tumor cell lines established in our laboratory, seven lines, including three gastric cancer cell lines derived from patients with cancer, were found to carry carcinoembryonic antigen on their cell surface, as determined by radioimmunoassay and indirect immunofluorescence. The existence of antibodies (IgG class) against the gastric cancer cell lines (HPE-GAC-T, -2, -3) and lung cancer cell line (HPL-Ad-K) in the sera of patients with gastrointestinal cancer (incidence 70.8%) was demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence. In nonmalignant cases and healthy controls, the incidence was 7.7 and 3.2%, respectively. Specificity of the antibodies detected in the sera of patients with gastric cancer was examined by absorption and blocking test methods of immunofluorescence. Even though there was an apparent heterogeneity of the specificity among the antibodies, the detection of such antibodies may be a feasible and practical approach to a clinical diagnosis of malignancy.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen producing cultured cell lines enable detection of autoantibodies in sera from patients with gastrointestinal cancer. 674 81

A patient with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach developed microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia, renal insufficiency, and fluctuating neurological abnormalities in association with appreciably raised plasma concentrations of immune complexes. This syndrome, similar to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, occurred while the tumour was in sustained objective remission after successful treatment with fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and mitomycin. Reversal of the syndrome was achieved with plasmapheresis, azathioprine, corticosteroids, and antiplatelet treatment; this response was paralleled by a reduction in immune complex concentration, suggesting an immune aetiology for the syndrome. Antibodies eluted from the immune complexes reacted with 50% of cells from the gastric cancer but less than 10% of cells from normal gastric mucosa. There was no reactivity with either carcinoembryonic antigen or mitomycin. A 17S immune complex reacted with a glycoprotein from the patient's autologous platelets and produced platelet aggregation. It is postulated that reducing the tumour and the pre-existing state of antigen excess by chemotherapy allowed soluble antigen-antibody complexes to form and the syndrome to develop.
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PMID:Gastric carcinoma and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: association with plasma immune complex concentrations. 680 53

The unlabelled antibody-enzyme method with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex (PAP-complex) was used to demonstrate carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or CEA-like substances in paraffin-embedded specimens of tumour tissues with an anti-CEA-antiserum of a rabbit. The anti-CEA-antiserum used in this study exhibited a high anti-CEA-activity and a low activity to an impurity. The paraffin-embedded specimens of tumour tissues were investigated at serum dilutions of 1 : 16, 1 : 64, and 1 : 256. The sections of colorectal cancer showed the highest content of CEA. In 36 of 37 cases the tumour tissue reacted to the anti-CEA-antiserum up to a dilution of 1 : 256. The stomach cancer tissues contained significantly lower CEA-levels than the colorectal cancer. The sarcomas, malignant melanomas, the tumour of testis, the prostatic cancers and basal cell carcinomas of the skin were found to contain none or very low CEA-content. In most specimens of these tumours the CEA was not demonstrable at a 1 : 16 dilution of the primary antiserum.
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PMID:Demonstration of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) by means of the immunoperoxidase technique in paraffin-embedded specimens of tumour tissues. 680 9

In 104 patients with gastric cancer the serum proteins carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) (orosomucoid) and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) were measured pre-operatively. The estimated median survival of patients with both raised CEA and ACT was only 5 weeks in contrast to 64 weeks for those with both proteins normal. An intermediary group with one of these proteins raised and the other normal had an estimated median survival of 15 weeks. Similar results were obtained by considering a combination of CEA with either AGP or CRP. For these data the results were not explicable in terms of associations between survival time and patient's age, stage, operative procedure, histological classification or site of primary tumour.
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PMID:Plasma protein profiles and prognosis in gastric cancer. 689 53

Three patients presenting typical nephrotic syndrome concurrent with gastric cancer are described. The carcinoma was moderately advanced and was histologically an adenocarcinoma in all cases. Morphologic examination of the renal biopsy revealed the characteristic changes of membranous nephropathy and typical subepithelial electron-dense deposits. The glomerular deposits were specifically stained with antihuman IgG and beta-1-c. The eluate of the glomeruli reacted specifically with the surface of the cancer cells from the same patient when studied by the immunofluorescent method. The eluate also reacted with the cancer cell extract as examined with the radioimmunodiffusion technique and with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) prepared by the method of Gold. Furthermore, the nephrotic syndrome completely remitted in 1 patient following surgical removal of the cancer. These bits of evidence indicate a possible role of a stomach cancer related antigen and/or CEA in the development of immune complex nephropathy in these patients.
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PMID:Association of gastric cancer and nephrotic syndrome. An immunologic study in three patients. 698 18

By means of the macrophage electrophoretic mobility technique we could show lymphocytes of patients suffering from cancers of the digestive system to be sensitized to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). These findings conflict with the common view that CEA is not immunogenic in humans. The aim of the present study was to look as to whether conventional anti-CEA sera can neutralize the activity of a CEA preparation which is responsible for the human lymphocyte response. When 60 ng CEA were preincubated with highly diluted anti-CEA serum and the resulting immune complexes were thereafter co-precipitated by protein A-sepharose, positive lymphocyte responses could no longer be obtained. This effect was observed with 3 anti-CEA sera in 3 cancer patients (colon cancer, stomach cancer, teratocarcinoma), who's lymphocytes responded to CEA by lymphokine release. Normal serum had no neutralizing effect. The anti-CEA sera did not influence the activity of another tumour-relevant extract (teratocarcinoma-derived), to which cancer patients' lymphocytes reacted regardless of the tumour site. The lymphocytes from an oesophagus carcinoma patient, though reacting to the teratocarcinoma preparation, did not respond to CEA, thus, logically, all other tests with normal serum and anti-CEA sera were negative, too. The results show that the digest system cancer-associated lymphocyte reactivity to CEA can be abrogated by conventional anti-CEA sera, which finding indicates that there exist closely CEA-associated "tumour-specific" antigenicities.
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PMID:Sensitization of human lymphocytes to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA): neutralization experiments with anti-CEA sera. 707 17

In attempts to predict the recurrence of gastric cancer, postoperative changes in serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels are monitored in our clinic by radioimmunoassay (Dainabot, Japan). Recurrences are suspected when serum CEA levels are 4 ng/ml, in the postoperative period. Out of 34 patients in whom there were increases in serum CEA, 18 were confirmed to have a recurrence and 15 of these 18 patients were assessed accurately by serial postoperative levels of CEA, two patients died of a recurrence after elevation of serum CEA levels. Thus, recurrence was predicted in 17 out of 34 patients (50 per cent) and in 12 out of 17 patients there was a metastasis to the liver. In 14 out of 34 patients there are no signs of recurrence 9 to 25 months after serum CEA elevations.
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PMID:Serial determinations of carcinoembryonic antigen for early detection of recurrent gastric cancer. 716 14

Studies on the purification, characterization and clinical application of pancreatic oncofetal antigen were reported. This antigen was purified from fetal pancreas, and migrated in the beta-region on electrophoresis. Its molecular weight was about 80 x 10(4) daltons on gel filtration with a Sephacryl S-300. This antigen is clearly different from other oncofetal antigens such as alfafetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen or ferritin. Clinically, this pancreatic oncofetal antigen was positive in sera of 68.4% of the patients with pancreatic cancer. However, elevated level of this antigen was also observed in the sera of some patients with biliary tract cancer, colon cancer or gastric cancer. The antigen was also found in pancreatic juice obtained from patients with pancreatic cancer in almost the same incidence as in their sera. It is suggested that a pancreatic oncofetal antigen assay of sera and pancreatic juice in combination with other oncofetal antigens is valuable for the diagnosis and monitoring the clinical course of pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:A pancreatic oncofetal antigen: its partial purification and clinical application. 726 7

The results of an endoscopic study of the incidence of gastritis and gastric cancer in gastric ulcer in a series of 112 patients 1 to 4 years (mean 2.6 years) after the initial examination are presented. Chronic antral gastritis was found in 48 % of cases and was mainly atrophic. In 10 cases both the antral and body mucosa were normal. In 11 cases the antral mucosa was normal before treatment and remained normal in most of them. During the observation period 5 patients died from other than gastrointestinal diseases. Eleven patients were operated on for complications or relapses of ulcer disease. Gastric cancer was found in 4 cases, the interval between the diagnoses of benign ulcer and cancer was from 1 to 27 months. Elevation of the blood carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level was found in 17 cases out of 56 examined and these values remained elevated in most cases at re-examination 3 years later.
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PMID:Gastric ulcer, gastritis and gastric carcinoma. 727 Dec 22


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