Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Correlation between carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels of peripheral venous and portal blood and six histopathologic and immunohistochemical variables was examined in 53 gastric cancer patients and in 8 patients with benign diseases, in order to clarify the elevation mechanism of CEA in the peripheral blood. Immunohistochemically, CEA was localized in 48 (90.6%) of the 53 cancer lesions. CEA levels of portal blood (with a mean of 136.5 ng/ml and positive rates greater than 5 ng/ml, 58.3%) were significantly higher than those (30.3 ng/ml and 22.9%) of peripheral blood in 48 patients with CEA localized cancer. However, CEA levels of portal blood were as low as 5 ng/ml and were not different from those of peripheral blood in all of the CEA nonlocalized cancer and benign diseases. Elevation of CEA in portal blood and also peripheral blood was most highly correlated with venous invasion, although CEA levels in portal blood were significantly associated with three other variables including tumor size, lymphatic invasion, and node metastasis. These variables relating to CEA elevation in the blood were significantly related to venous invasion, whereas a relationship between venous invasion and tumor differentiation and the CEA distributed pattern was not found. These results suggest that CEA may be mainly drained by the hematogenous portal system via the draining vein from CEA localized cancer cells in the invaded veins of gastric cancer lesions, and, additionally, that histopathologic CEA elevation-relating variables may secondarily affect the CEA elevation in the blood in association with the venous invasion.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen levels of portal blood in gastric cancer patients. 273 3

It is sometimes difficult to identify scirrhous carcinoma cells microscopically, since individually separated malignant cells grow into the fibrous tissue without glandular formation. In this study, we used anti-scirrhous carcinoma monoclonal antibody S202, which reacted strongly with 100% of scirrhous gastric cancer samples, in order to evaluate the precise depth to which cancer cells invaded in the stomach wall. The invasive carcinoma cells could be detected more clearly by immunohistochemical staining with S202 than by histological staining with hematoxylin-eosin. Furthermore, S202 was more useful than anti-CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) antibody.
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PMID:Histological diagnosis of scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach using monoclonal antibody S202. 283 41

Sera from cancer patients specifically suppressed phosphofructokinase (fructose-6-phosphate kinase [PFK], EC 2.7.1.11), a rate-limiting enzyme in the glycolysis pathway. Among 418 cancerous sera, 68.7% evidence suppression; there was no organ specificity. Among 42 sera from early gastric cancer patients, 29 (69.0%) were positive, as were advanced gastric cancer, 14/19 (73.3%) pancreas cancer, and 75/101 (74.3%) lung cancer sera. In contrast 6/50 (12.0%) sera from patients with gastroduodenal ulcer, 3/23 (13.0%) with myoma uteri, and 0/6 with lung tuberculosis were positive. Patients with diabetes mellitus and those receiving steroid hormone therapy showed strong positive suppression. Comparative studies using other tumor markers (immunosuppressive acid protein, carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, beta 2-microglobulin, and ferritin) and the same sera used from PFK assay showed that the PFK method was two to three times more sensitive. Sephadex G-200 column chromatography revealed that the PFK-suppressive activity was retained in the postalbumin fraction. The PFK method may represent a promising new cancer screening method.
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PMID:A new cancer marker: a possible cancer screening method based on the suppression of phosphofructokinase by sera from cancer patients. 293 46

In an attempt to assess the usefulness of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for predicting the progression of gastric cancer, CEA productivity was evaluated according to serum CEA levels, at the time of recurrence or relapse. In cases of a recurrence, abnormal CEA levels were observed in 14 of 17 (82.4 per cent) with differentiated carcinoma and in 9 of 21 (42.9 per cent) with undifferentiated carcinoma. Preoperative abnormal CEA levels were observed in only 6 of 41 patients (14.6 per cent). A median lead time of manifestation of recurrence was 5 months. In those with relapse, 9 of 11 (81.8 per cent) patients with differentiated carcinoma and 13 of 18 (72.2 per cent) with an undifferentiated carcinoma had abnormal CEA levels. Preoperative abnormal CEA levels were observed in 24 of these 89 patients (27.0 per cent). Postoperative monitoring of CEA seems to be useful for early recognition of gastric cancer progression, irrespective of the preoperative CEA levels.
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PMID:Serum CEA levels facilitate detection of recurrences of cancer in patients after gastrectomy. 298 53

We studied the effect of inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis by alpha-difluoromethylornithine on the growth of a human gastric adenocarcinoma (CLEES) xenotransplanted in nude mice. CLEES is a well-differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma of the intestinal type. The doubling time has ranged from 7 to 10 days through 11 passages. Electron microscopic and immunohistochemical studies comparing the original tumor and xenotransplants showed similar structure and similar amounts of carcinoembryonic antigen. Polyamine biosynthesis is required for cell division. alpha-Difluoromethylornithine inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis. In this study, 48 athymic mice were used in two experiments. In the first experiment, two groups of 12 mice each were inoculated with CLEES tumor cells and received either tap water or a 3% alpha-difluoromethylornithine solution as drinking water. Tumor size was measured twice weekly. Tumor size was significantly decreased from controls by the fourth week of treatment and at all points of analysis thereafter for 7 wk. In the second experiment, alpha-difluoromethylornithine significantly reduced tumor concentrations of the polyamines putrescine and spermidine. In addition, the tumor content of DNA was significantly reduced in treated mice (0.64 +/- 0.16 mg) compared to controls (4.76 +/- 0.92 mg). Our data suggest that inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis may be a useful component of multidrug chemotherapy for human gastric adenocarcinoma. Establishment of tumor lines such as this gastric adenocarcinoma will facilitate further studies on the biological behavior of human gastric cancer and its response to chemotherapeutic manipulation in vivo.
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PMID:Inhibition of human gastric adenocarcinoma xenograft growth in nude mice by alpha-difluoromethylornithine. 313 Jan 88

The biological properties of human gastric cancer cell line G/F implanted into either the subcutis or the stomach wall of nude mice were compared. The G/F tumor in the stomach wall showed a slower growth rate than that in the subcutis. The level of carcinoembryonic antigen in serum was greater when the tumor was in the stomach wall than when it was in the subcutis. The tumor in the stomach wall invaded the surrounding tissues and metastasized to the regional lymph nodes and distant organs such as the lung and the liver in 27 of the 43 mice (68%). In contrast, the tumor in the subcutis was highly encapsulated and metastasis to other organs was not observed. These findings indicate that the stomach wall might provide a suitable microenvironment for G/F gastric cancer to exert its intrinsic properties. Therefore, implantation of human gastric cancer into the stomach wall of nude mice may provide a useful model to study the intrinsic characteristics of human cancer as well as the effectiveness of experimental chemotherapy.
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PMID:Manifestation of metastatic potential in human gastric cancer implanted into the stomach wall of nude mice. 314 29

Correlation between carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels of peripheral and draining venous blood, and 11 histopathologic and 2 immunohistochemical variables, was examined in 53 gastric cancer patients and 8 patients with benign diseases. CEA levels of draining blood (with a mean of 136.5 ng/ml and positive rate greater than 5 ng/ml, 58, 3%) were significantly higher than those (30.3 ng/ml, 22.9%) of peripheral blood in patients with CEA producing cancer. However, CEA levels of draining blood were as low as 5 ng/ml and were not different from those of peripheral blood in all of the patients with CEA non-producing cancer and benign diseases. Elevation of CEA levels in draining and peripheral blood was most highly correlated with the venous invasion, although the levels in draining blood were related to other histopathologic variables including tumor size, macro- and microscopic types, invasive layer of gastric wall, peritoneal dissemination, liver and node metastasis, lymphatic invasion and stage classification except tumor location. These variables relating to CEA elevation in the blood were highly correlated with venous invasion. However, tumor location was not found the relation with venous invasion. These results suggest that CEA may be haematogenously drained by the portal system via the draining vein from the CEA producing cancer cells in the invasive veins but not by the thoracic duct of the lymphatic system, and that histopathologic CEA elevation-relating variables may affect secondarily the CEA elevation in the blood in association with the venous invasion.
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PMID:[Histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies on the elevation mechanism of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in gastric cancer patients]. 318 71

The in vitro synthesis of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was observed by tissue culture of biopsied gastric cancer tissue and gastric mucosa in other gastric diseases. The level of SIgA Synthesis in cultured gastric cancer tissue was lower than that in gastric mucosa in chronic atrophic gastritis, chronic superficial gastritis and normal stomach. The gastric mucosa of chronic gastritis can produce more SIgA than the normal gastric tissue, but the difference between chronic atrophic gastritis and chronic superficial gastritis was of no statistical significance. The CEA level was significantly higher in cancerous tissue than that in noncancerous ones, the amount of CEA synthesis by gastric mucosa in chronic atrophic gastritis was higher than that in chronic superficial gastritis and normal stomach. Well differentiated adenocarcinoma secreted much more SIgA and CEA than the poor-differentiated ones. The results suggest that the estimation of secretory function of SIgA and CEA be helpful for clinical diagnosis of gastric cancer.
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PMID:[In vitro synthesis of SIgA and CEA and their relationship in gastric cancer tissue]. 321 78

The levels of squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen (SCC) in sera of 71 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, 7 patients with benign esophageal diseases, 11 gastric cancer patients and 15 normal volunteers were studied in order to evaluate its clinical significance as a tumor marker. In the patients with esophageal carcinoma, immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were also measured simultaneously. In the normal volunteers, patients with benign esophageal diseases and gastric cancer patients, the SCC levels were negative except for only one patient. However, in patients with carcinoma of the esophagus 37 out of 71 were positive, the positivity rate being 52.1%. Comparison among SCC, IAP and CEA showed that the positivity rates for SCC and IAP increased with progression of the disease. In contrast, CEA levels did not correspond to clinical stage except in several patients with non-resectable and recurrent disease. With regard to the changes in serum levels of SCC, IAP and CEA before and after surgery and radio-chemotherapy. SCC was the most sensitive marker of the three, and responded well to the effects of therapy. SCC was thus considered to be a useful marker for monitoring esophageal cancer patients.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of serum levels of SCC antigen in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma]. 335 86

Between 1980 and 1984, preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was determined in 468 patients with gastric cancer to evaluate its clinical usefulness. The positive rate of preoperative CEA was 20.9 per cent in these 468 patients. A significantly higher CEA positive rate was obtained in those patients with liver metastasis (69.2 per cent), n3-4 (40.0 per cent), stage IV gastric cancer (37.0 per cent) and Pap, Tub1 histological type (26.3 per cent) (p less than 0.01). It is interesting that the positive rate of the 49 unresectable patients was 51.0 per cent, which was significantly higher than 17.4 per cent of the 419 resectable cases (p less than 0.01). CEA levels in 16 of the 39 patients with liver metastasis were more than 100 ng/ml. In contrast, serosal invasion and peritoneal metastasis were less correlated to the CEA positive rate. In the 419 resected cases, the 5 year survival rate in the higher CEA group of more than 50 ng/ml (35 cases) was 4.4 per cent, which was significantly lower than 64.0 per cent in the negative group (346 cases) (p less than 0.01). These results show that CEA determination in patients with gastric cancer is useful for the prediction of prognosis, as well as for a diagnostic tool to discover the presence of liver or lymph node metastasis.
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PMID:The clinical usefulness of preoperative CEA determination in gastric cancer. 343 Aug 98


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