Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A phase II study of MCNU tablets in gastrointestinal cancer was carried out by the Hanshin MCNU cooperative study group involving 21 institutions. The selection of patients and evaluation of tumor response were based on the Criteria for the Evaluation of tumor Response by Chemotherapy in Solid Tumor Patients by Koyama and Saito. Of 67 patients who were entered into the study, 46 patients were evaluable, and comprised of 27 cases of gastric cancer, 13 of colorectal cancer, 2 hepatoma, and 4 patients suffering from other typas of gastrointestinal cancer. MCNU was administered orally at a dose of 50 mg/body/day for 4-6 days consecutive every 6-8 weeks. Only one partial response was obtained among the rectal cancer patients, with a response rate of 2.3% (1/43) in evaluable patients. Minor responses were obtained in 3 patients including 2 of gastric cancer with liver metastasis and 1 colon cancer with liver metastasis. Major side effects were marrow suppression and gastrointestinal symptoms. The former consisted of mainly leukopenia (15 patients, 30.0%), thrombocytopenia (20 patients, 40.0%), and oligochromaemia (10 patients, 20.0%). The latter consisted of mainly nausea and vomiting (5 patients, 10.0%).
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PMID:[A phase II study of ranomustine (MCNU) tablets in patients with gastrointestinal cancer--by cooperative study group]. 649

In a phase II trial we tried to evaluate the efficacy of a sequential combination of high-dose methotrexate (MTX) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) combined with Adriamycin (ADM). In a pilot study we had found high-dose MTX effective as a single agent in gastric cancer. MTX and 5-FU were combined sequentially because Cadman et al had shown synergism for this combination. The therapy protocol consisted of high-dose MTX, 1.5 g/m2 of body surface, and high-dose 5-FU, 1.5 g/m2. MTX was administered 1 hr prior to 5-FU. Both drugs were given as a bolus. Twenty-four hours after MTX administration, citrovorum factor rescue was started, 15 mg/m2, q.6h. X 12, orally. Forty-eight hours after MTX administration, serum concentration of the drug was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Fourteen days after MTX was given, ADM, 30 mg/m2, was injected as a bolus. This protocol was repeated every 28 days. Patients eligible for this treatment should have a creatinine clearance of greater than 60 ml/min. The study included 30 patients with metastasizing gastric cancer and performance status between 40% and 70%. The response rate was 63% (19 of 30 patients). Two of 30 patients had complete remissions, which are still maintained. The median survival for responders is not yet evaluable: 68% are living after 17+ mo. The median survival for nonresponders was only 5 mo. The difference in survival curves is significant at a level of p less than 0.05. Cytostatic treatment was well tolerated. Fifty percent of the patients could be treated on an outpatient basis. Total alopecia was observed in only 10% of the patients. Severe leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and kidney disorders were not observed.
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PMID:High-dose MTX/5-FU and adriamycin for gastric cancer. 660 23

Eighteen patients with gastric cancer in Stage IV who had failed combination chemotherapy were treated with cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum as a single agent. Objective response was observed in four patients (22%), and another two had stable disease lasting 114 and 234 days, respectively. The median duration of the response was 150 days (range, 92-186). Gastrointestinal toxicity occurred in all the patients, but leukopenia and thrombocytopenia was the major complication in patients who had been heavily pretreated. The response rate found in this study shows that cis-platinum is an active drug in gastric cancer.
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PMID:Phase II clinical trial of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum in gastric cancer. 668 84

A phase II clinical trial of a new anthracycline, 4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP-ADM), was performed in thirty-one patients with advanced malignant tumors refractory to standard chemotherapies. The dosage of THP-ADM was 40 mg/m2 by iv bolus injection repeated every 3 weeks. Of 3 evaluable patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, one achieved partial remission. A minor response was noted in one out of 7 patients with gastric cancer and one out of 5 patients with ovarian cancer. Leukopenia less than 4 X 10(3)/cmm and thrombocytopenia less than 100 X 10(3)/cmm were seen in 81% and 19% of cases, respectively. Mild gastrointestinal toxicities including nausea and vomiting and anorexia were observed in about one third of the patients. Mild hair loss occurred in 2 patients (6%). No ECG abnormalities on clinical sign of cardiotoxicity were seen.
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PMID:[Phase II study of 4'-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin(THP-ADM)]. 669 55

Twenty-one patients with advanced gastric cancer were treated with a combination chemotherapy of adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil (AF). The AF regimen consisting of adriamycin 35-50 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1, 5-fluorouracil 350-500 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1-3 was repeated in every three weeks intervals. Partial response was obtained in four patients (25%) in 16 evaluable patients and responded lesions were abdominal mass and skin metastasis. Two patients had minor responses, seven had stable diseases, and three had progressive diseases. The median duration of response for responders was three months ranging one to five months and the median survival time of responders was twelve months ranging two to fourteen months, whereas that of non-responders was eight months. Moderate bone marrow suppression was seen; that is, seven (33%) out of twenty-one patients had leukopenia less than 2,000/mm3 and two (10%) out of twenty-one patients had thrombocytopenia less than 10 X 10(4)/mm3. Moderate nausea occurred in thirteen patients (62%), whereas vomiting did in nine patients (43%). Nearly total alopecia was observed in sixteen patients (76%). Based on these results, we conclude that AF regimen can be administered without severe toxicities and it is one of the useful regimens for advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Co-administration of adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil for the treatment of advanced stomach cancer]. 687 Feb 96

50 patients with advanced gastrointestinal malignancies were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5FU), 1-(2-chloroethyl)3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea (MeCCNU) and mitomycin C (Mito C). 43 patients, with diagnoses of colorectal, pancreatic or gastric cancer, were evaluable. 13 patients (30%) achieved complete remissions, and 4 achieved partial remissions. The median durations of responses in colorectal, pancreatic and gastric disease were 11.0, 11.0, and 11.5 months, respectively. Survival was definitely prolonged in responding patients with pancreatic and gastric carcinomas. The combination was well tolerated. Mucositis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia were the major toxicities that occurred. The quality of life was improved in all responding patients.
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PMID:The efficacy of 5-fluorouracil, mitomycin C, and methyl CCNU in advanced gastrointestinal malignancy. 701 Feb 57

The Southwest Oncology Group conducted a phase II study of anguidine in 134 patients with gastrointestinal malignancies. Anguidine was administered as a 4-hour infusion at doses of 3.0 and 4.5 mg/m2 daily x 5. Response rates for patients with colon carcinoma were 22% (four of 18 patients without previous chemotherapy) and 6% (four of 63 patients with previous chemotherapy). There were no responses in patients with pancreatic cancer (four patients) or gastric cancer (six). Toxic effects included thrombocytopenia (19.8%), leukopenia (18.8%), nausea and vomiting (49%), hypotension (37%), and confusion (12%). Antitumor activity of anguidine in patients with colon cancer may be similar to that of 5-FU, but nonhematologic toxicity is substantial.
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PMID:Phase II study of anguidine in gastrointestinal malignancies: a Southwest Oncology Group study. 705 20

Fifteen patients with advanced gastric cancer received orally etoposide 100 mg daily for 14 days and escalating doses of tegafur. The starting dose was 400 mg daily. The maximum tolerated dose of tegafur was identified at 850 mg daily. Unacceptable toxicity was seen at 1000 mg, and consisted of diarrhea, stomatitis and leukopenia. Two partial responses were seen at 800 mg daily. In conclusion, our data show that etoposide and tegafur can be safely administered in combination by the oral route.
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PMID:Escalating dose of tegafur combined with oral etoposide in metastatic gastric carcinoma. 757 67

Sequential MTX/5-FU therapy was performed on 64 patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer. The therapy was most effective in patients with poorly differentiated type gastric cancer. We adopted the intermediate (MTX: 100mg/m2, 5-FU: 800mg/m2) and low (MTX: 30mg/m2, 5-FU: 600 mg/m2) dose regimens. The latter was performed at the outpatient clinic every 2 weeks. This therapy was used for patients with Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer or advanced gastric cancer of poorly differentiated type as postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. The response rate was 25% in 44 evaluable patients, and 33% in patients with poorly differentiated type cancer. As an adverse effect, leukopenia (grade 3, 4) was observed in 4 patients (9%). The 5-year cumulative survival rate of the sequential MTX/5-FU therapy group (52.6%) was much better than the conventional adjuvant chemotherapy group (32.1%) in patients who underwent curative resection with Borrmann type 4 gastric cancer. One patient survived more than 900 days after non-curative resection with peritoneal dissemination (P 3) after low dose therapy of sequential MTX/5-FU. For the patients who did not respond to the MTX/5-FU therapy, MTX/CDDP/LV/5-FU therapy was adopted. This protocol consisted of MTX (30 mg/m2 iv; day 1), CDDP (60 mg/m2 div; day 2 and day 9), Leucovorin (30 mg iv; day 2-9) and 5-FU (250 mg/m2 div; day 2-9). We also performed MTX/CDDP/LV/5-FU therapy for the treatment of differentiated type gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of sequential MTX/5-FU therapy for gastric cancer]. 761 69

A phase II study was performed to determine the efficacy and toxicity of the etoposide, doxorubicin, cisplatin (EAP) regimen in the treatment of patients with advanced measurable gastric cancer in a multi-institutional cooperative group setting. Thirty-one evaluable patients with advanced measurable gastric adenocarcinoma were treated with etoposide 120 mg/m2 on days 3, 4, and 5, doxorubicin 20 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8, and cisplatin 40 mg/m2 on days 2 and 9. The treatment was repeated every 28 days. Objective responses were seen in 7 (23%) patients, all achieving partial remissions. Median survival was 9 months for the entire group. Toxicity was mostly hematologic, with grade 3 leukopenia in 26% and grade 4 leukopenia in 55% of the patients. There were 4 treatment-related deaths that were attributable to severe leukopenia and sepsis. Because of the high toxicity and moderate response rate, this regimen is not superior to other less toxic regimens and cannot be recommended for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer outside of an investigational protocol.
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PMID:Phase II trial of etoposide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin combination in advanced measurable gastric cancer. An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study. 762 73


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