Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The antimicrobial and antitumor activities, and the pulmonary toxicity of pepleomycin (NK631) were studied in comparison with bleomycin (BLM). NK631 showed a broad antimicrobial spectrum against gram positive and gram negative bacteria equally to BLM, and its activity was about twice higher than BLM. NK631 showed higher activity on cultured HeLa S3 cells and higher antitumor effect on the transplanted tumors of Ehrlich solid carcinoma in mice, AH66 and AH66F ascites hepatoma in rats, and lower antitumor effect on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice than BLM. Similarly to BLM, NK631 did not show satisfactory activity on L1210 leukemia in mice. NK631 showed marked effect on chemically induced squamous cell carcinoma, spontaneous lymph sarcoma of a dog, human and dog gastric cancer heterotransplanted in nude mice equally to BLM. Furthermore NK631 exhibited remarkably higher antitumor activity on lymph node metastasis of AH66 ascites hepatoma of rats and chemically induced gastric carcinoma of rats than BLM. Pulmonary toxicity of NK631 was low as 1/3 in incidence and 1/4 in grade of the BLM in old mice system. This trend was confirmed by chemical analysis of hydroxyproline in lung.
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PMID:[Studies on antitumor activities and pulmonary toxicity of pepleomycin sulfate (NK631) (author's transl)]. 8 10

Vitamin A level and the cytosol-binding proteins specific for vitamin A ere studied in human tumor and its surrounding tissue. The tissues examined were 10 hepatocellular carcinomas which were surgically removed, 4 other malignant tumors (2 metastatic liver cancer and one each of gastric cancer and glioma), and 3 human fetal livers. Compared with surrounding tissues, considerable decrease of vitamin A content was observed in the hepatocellular carcinoma suggesting local deficient state of the vitamin. In addition to cellular retinol-binding protein (CRBP) and retinoic acid-binding protein (CRABP), a new molecular species having affinity for both retinol and retinoic acid was detected in the cytosols obtained from hepatocellular carcinoma as well as glioma by means of gel filtration on Sephadex G-75. With regard to ligand specificity, the protein was found to be similar to cellular retinol-binding protein, F-type or CRBP(F) which was originally recognized in the fish eye cytosol. Since the protein was also demonstrated in human fetal liver, CRBP(F) is considered to be an oncofetal protein in nature. The present study further revealed that CRBP(F) was detected in 80% of hepatocellular carcinoma (whereas plasma alpha-fetoprotein was significantly elevated only in 50%), and hepatocellular carcinoma contained CRBP(F) in a larger amount than CRABP.
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PMID:Demonstration of a novel cellular retinol-binding protein, F-type, in hepatocellular carcinoma. 8 58

Incorporation of uracil and uridine into ribonucleic acid (RNA) was compared among the ascitic and solid forms of Ehrlich mouse tumor, Morris hepatoma, Rhodamine sarcoma, gastric cancer and ulcer from human patients, and several normal rat tissues. Of these cells tested, the cells of Ehrlich ascites and solid tumors, human gastric cancer and ulcer, and certain tissues of a normal rat showed a considerably high activity. Furthermore, Ehrlich ascites tumor cells indicating a high incorporation activity was also high in activities of both phosphorylase and kinase for uridine, while Rhodamine sarcoma as a representative having a low incorporation activity was considerably low in these two enzymic activities. RNA synthesis from uridine phosphates by Rhodamine sarcoma was maintained to a fairly high extent contrary to its low activities of the phosphorylase and the kinase. Consequently, the low utilization of uracil and uridine by certain tumors was suggested to be due to the extremely low activities of both enzymes.
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PMID:Incorporation characteristics of uracil, uridine, and orotic acid into ribonucleic acid of neoplastic cells. 19 18

Using the simple thin layer polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, serum alkaline phosphatase could be separated 5 isozyme bands in various digestive diseases, consisting of 54 cases of gastric cancer, 11 of colonic cancer, 12 of hepatoma, 4 of cholangioma, 14 of pancreatic cancer, 81 of benign hepatobilliary diseases, 13 of cancers of other organs and 61 of control. The obtained results were as follows: 1) The electrophoretic analysis of serum alkaline phosphatase showed the specific band remaining at the origin, already reported as "alkaline phosphatase O", in primary and metastatic cancer of the liver and cholelithiasis. On the contrary, alkaline phosphatase O was never found in gastric and colonic cancer without cholelithiasis. On the contrary, alkaline phosphatase O was never found in gastric and colonic cancer without cancerous metastasis to the liver, and it was also inclined to be positive with the progress of liver metastasis among them. 2) Intestinal alkaline phosphatase was usually found in higher frequency in blood group B and O than in the others, and it was apt to disappear in gastric or colonic cancer with an exacerbation of its cancerous lesions. 3) Heat-stable alkaline phosphatase was found in 10% of gastric or colonic cancer, all of which were histologically proved to be well differentiated adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Serum alkaline phosphatase (Al-Pase) isozyme in gastric and colonic cancer (using a simple thin layer polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). 21 41

We describe the case of a 56-yr-old man with primary gastric adenocarcinoma, who had an extremely high plasma level of des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (2.45 AU/ml) and of serum alpha-fetoprotein (2810 ng/ml). Histopathologically, the gastric cancer was a IIc type of early cancer which consisted of a combination of a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and a well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. The association of a hepatic tumor including hepatocellular carcinoma or liver metastasis was ruled out by ultrasonography, computed tomography, radiocolloid liver scan, magnetic resonance imaging, and angiography. Foci strongly resembling hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoid differentiation) were noted in the gastric tumor. Localization of des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin and alpha-fetoprotein within the tumor cells, especially within the hepatoid differentiated foci, was demonstrated by the immunohistochemical staining of tissue obtained at biopsy and the resected specimen. This case seems to be the first case reported in which des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin was produced by the gastric cancer. This finding supports the theory of hepatoid differentiation of a gastric cancer.
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PMID:Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (PIVKA-II) and alpha-fetoprotein-producing IIc-type early gastric cancer. 128 Apr 6

A monoclonal antibody (MoAb HG1-219) against a human gastric cancer cell line (HuG-1) and its shedding antigen (HG1-219 Ag) was generated and a solid-phase sandwich enzyme immunoassay (EIA-219) was developed. The mean serum HG1-219 Ag concentration in normal individuals was 30.5 +/- 14.5 U/ml measured by EIA-219. When the mean +3 SD of the antigen concentration in normal individuals was used as a cut-off level, 4.3% (2/47) of patients with chronic hepatitis, 9.1% (4/44) of cirrhotic patients and 37.5% (18/48) of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) had HG1-219 Ag above the cut-off value. The positive rates of a-fetoprotein (AFP) (> 400 ng/ml) and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) for HCC were 26.7% (12/45) and 33.3% (12/36), respectively. There was no significant correlation between HG1-219 Ag and AFP or PIVKA-II in patients with HCC. The combination assay of EIA-219, AFP and PIVKA-II for HCC gave the positive rate of 75% (27/36). The effect of periodic acid on the HG1-219 Ag and the inhibition of EIA-219 by CA 19-9 suggest that the epitope of HG1-219 Ag is a suger chain similar to CA 19-9.
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PMID:Establishment of an enzyme immunoassay using monoclonal antibody (HG1-219) and its application for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. 128 11

The cytotoxicities of 2 derivatives of artemisinin B and 2 derivatives of artemisic acid (designated as Compound A, B, C, and D) were investigated, using trypan blue dye exclusion test and colony-forming units assay. At the concentration of 5 micrograms.ml-1, the inhibition rates of these 4 compounds against murine leukemia cell line P388 were > 85%. When tested against human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 at 25 micrograms.ml-1, the inhibition rates of Compound A, B, C, and D were found to be 92.3%, 96.9%, 84%, and 82.1%, respectively, and 27%, 8%, 37.8%, 1.7% against normal human embryonic lung cell line WI-38, respectively. These 4 compounds all showed an inhibition rate of 100% against human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901 at 50 micrograms.ml-1.
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PMID:[Antitumor activities of 4 derivatives of artemisic acid and artemisinin B in vitro]. 130 44

In this study, 125I or 131I labelled intact IgG and its F(ab')2 fragments of an antihuman hepatoma monoclonal antibody, HAb18, was used for in vivo radioimmunoimaging of malignant hepatomas. Clear imaging of the tumor was obtained in 168 hours for intact IgG or in 72 hours for F(ab')2 fragments after iv injection or via selective catheterization of the arteriae hepatica communis. In addition, 99mTc-PHY (500 microCi) was simultaneously injected for static scanning of the liver, with which the tumor appeared as defects. All the 20 patients in this study were operated and the lesions were pathologically examined to verify the imaging results. The tumor: liver isotopic ratios were 2.15 +/- 0.15 and 2.63 +/- 0.21 for intact IgG and F(ab')2 fragments, respectively. In other vital organs, such as heart, brain, spleen, lungs and kidneys, as well as non-hepatoma neoplasms, including 3 cases of liver cavernous hemangioma and 2 cases of gastric cancer metastasized to the liver, no radioisotopic concentration was observed. Both the labelled IgG and F(ab')2 fragments had the same targeting potential, but a better contrast was obtained with F(ab')2 fragments. Furthermore, its clearance rate was faster than intact IgG. The smallest tumor diagnosed with this antibody was 0.5 cm in diameter and the positive rate for imaging primary hepatoma was 86.7% (13/15). The results obtained in this study promisingly indicate that HAb18 antibody may become the first choice for the early radioimmunodetection of human hepatoma.
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PMID:[Significance and application of anti-malignant hepatoma MAb HAb18 in radioimmunal diagnosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma]. 132 94

Frequent loss of heterozygosity at chromosomal loci in a specific tumor type may indicate the presence of a tumor suppressor gene. We have examined loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 8p in paired tumor and constitutional DNA from 346 patients representing seven different types of human cancer. Frequent allelic losses were observed in hepatocellular carcinoma (22 of 46 cases, 47.8%), in colorectal cancer (12 of 26, 46.2%), and in non-small cell lung cancer (14 of 35, 40.0%), in contrast to low frequencies detected in breast cancer (5 of 56, 8.9%) and renal cell carcinoma (2 of 27, 7.4%). Ovarian cancer and gastric cancer showed intermediate frequencies of 33.3% and 22.2%. Subsequent analysis of 120 hepatocellular carcinomas and 94 colorectal cancers with five polymorphic markers along the short arm of chromosome 8 defined commonly deleted regions within the same chromosomal interval, 8p23. 1-8p21.3, suggesting that one or more tumor suppressor genes for both cancers may be present in that region.
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PMID:Frequent loss of heterozygosity for loci on chromosome 8p in hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and lung cancer. 135 16

Malignant tumors registered with the Tumour Registry of Papua New Guinea (PNG) from 1958-1988 were analyzed with emphasis on the variation of incidence with time and different regions. Cancer incidence was generally low in PNG. During this period, carcinoma of oral cavity, cervix, breast, and skin, hepatoma, and lymphoma were the most common types of malignant lesions detected. The incidence of carcinoma of the oral cavity has increased. Currently, it is more common in the Highlands region and is associated with the spread of betel nut chewing. A threefold increase in cervical carcinoma registration was observed nationally, with a sixfold increase in the Highlands region; this was attributed both to social changes and improved registration. The incidence of breast cancer has doubled, in keeping with better registration, but there is little interregional variation. The decline in registrations of hepatocellular carcinoma is artifactual. PNG is a high-incidence area for Burkitt lymphoma, but Hodgkin disease is rare. Both Burkitt and other non-Hodgkin lymphomas are uncommon in the Highlands. A decline in the incidence of squamous carcinoma of skin was observed that was associated with improved control of tropical ulcers. The incidence of stomach cancer is falling. The registered cancer incidence in PNG is low, even when compared with that in native people from other Pacific nations, such as Fijians and New Caledonian Melanesians. Preventive measures have been hitherto ineffective, with the exception of squamous carcinoma of skin.
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PMID:The spectrum of cancer in Papua New Guinea. An analysis based on the Cancer Registry 1979-1988. 145 Oct 78


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