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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

There is accumulating evidence that free radicals may contribute to various diseases such as cancer or cardiovascular disease. Possible health hazards can to some extent be prevented by the body's multilevel defense system against free radicals, which comprises, besides others, antioxidant vitamins. The 12-year mortality follow-up of 2,974 participants of the Basal Study allowed to test the hypothesis that low antioxidant vitamin plasma concentrations (vitamin A, C, E and carotene) were associated with increased death from cancer of various sites and death from atherosclerosis such as ischemic heart disease and stroke, respectively. For the analysis 204 cancer cases, 132 fatalities from ischemic heart disease (IHD) and 31 deaths from cerebral vascular disease were available. Cancer mortality. Overall mortality from cancer was associated with low mean plasma levels of carotene adjusted for cholesterol (p less than 0.01) and of vitamin C (p less than 0.01). Bronchus and stomach cancers were associated with a low mean plasma carotene level (p less than 0.01). Subjects with subsequent stomach cancer had also lower mean vitamin C and lipid-adjusted vitamin A levels than survivors (p less than 0.05). Calculating the relative risk with exclusion of mortality during the first two years of follow-up, low plasma carotene was associated with an increased risk for bronchus cancer (RR 1.8, p less than 0.05), and the small number of stomach cancer cases (RR 2.95, p less than 0.05) low plasma levels of carotene and vitamin A with all cancer types (RR 2.47, p less than 0.01), and low plasma retinol in older subjects (greater than 60 years) with lung cancer (RR 2.17, p less than 0.05). Studies in other cohorts with a poor vitamin E status revealed an increased risk of subsequent cancer at low vitamin E levels as well. It is concluded that low plasma levels of all major essential antioxidants are associated with an increased risk of subsequent cancer mortality. Cardio-vascular mortality. Plasma carotene concentration below quartile 1 was associated with an increased risk for IHD (RR 1.53, p = 0.02). The same was true for low levels of both carotene and vitamin C (RR = 1.96, p = 0.022). The risk of cerebrovascular death was elevated in subjects with low carotene in the presence of low vitamin C plasma concentration (RR 4.17, p less than 0.01). These data confirm and extend recent findings on an inverse correlation of beta-carotene and vitamin C respectively to CVD.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Inverse correlation between essential antioxidants in plasma and subsequent risk to develop cancer, ischemic heart disease and stroke respectively: 12-year follow-up of the Prospective Basel Study. 145 Jun

A cohort study has been carried out of 2876 men and women with potential exposure to ethylene oxide. Subjects were identified from employment records at four companies that have produced or used ethylene oxide since the 1950s and at eight hospitals which have had ethylene oxide sterilising units since the 1960s. The cohort represents a substantial proportion of the British workforce with a history of occupational exposure to ethylene oxide. Industrial hygiene data were not available before 1977, but since then time weighted average exposures have been less than 5 ppm in almost all jobs and less than 1 ppm in many. Past exposures were probably somewhat higher. In contrast to some previous studies, no clear excess of leukaemia (three deaths observed, 2.09 expected) and no increase in stomach cancer (five deaths observed, 5.95 expected) were found. This discrepancy with earlier reports may be due in part to differences in levels of exposure. Total cancer mortality was similar to that expected from national and local death rates. Some specific cancers showed small excesses but their relevance to ethylene oxide exposure is doubtful. Again, contrary to some earlier reports, no excess of cardiovascular disease was found. This study does not exclude the possibility that ethylene oxide is a human carcinogen but suggests that any risk of cancer from currently permitted occupational exposures is small.
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PMID:Workers exposed to ethylene oxide: a follow up study. 261 Nov 60

Because of discharges, mainly of lead, from glassworks in an otherwise rural and unpolluted area in southeast Sweden the population became concerned about the potential risks of cancer and an epidemiological study was requested. The total and the specific cancer mortality in the three parishes around the glassworks were found to be approximately normal, both by comparison with national death rates and the death rates of another, similarly rural, area. More interesting results, however, were obtained in several case-referent studies also undertaken to study mortality from specific cancer sites and cardiovascular disease with regard to employment in the glassworks. A significant excess of deaths from stomach cancer, especially in glassblowers, lung cancer, and cardiovascular disease was observed among the glassworkers. Occupational exposures in the glassworks, especially to arsenic, may be of aetiological importance.
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PMID:Mortality pattern in a glass producing area in SE Sweden. 400 95

The postoperative course of 172 patients with early gastric cancer operated between 1974 and 1987 was reviewed with a median follow-up of 7 years. The survival probability at the end of 1989 was 0.916 (excluding operative mortality and other causes of death) or 0.876 when the operative mortality was included. Univariate analysis showed a significant survival difference according to the presence or absence of submucosal invasion (p = 0.02, Log-Rank test) and lymph node invasion (p = 0.04, age greater than or less than 50 years (p = 0.03) and according to the type of resection performed (total gastrectomy with gastric and perigastric lymph node dissection or subtotal gastrectomy with incomplete lymph node dissection (p = 0.05). Eleven patients died from cancer recurrence, one is still alive with a recurrence of the gastric stump. The other deaths were due to cancers of other organs (6), cardiovascular disease (2), pneumonia (3), septicaemia (1) and a car accident. Although the prognosis of early gastric cancer is relatively favourable in European countries, patients must be carefully followed for a long period because of recurrences and the high incidence of cancers in other organs.
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PMID:[Long-term results of surgical treatment of early cancers of the stomach]. 786 43

In the art glass industry workers run increased risks of dying from several types of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and cerebrovascular diseases. This paper considers the diseases of glass workers in relation to exposure to particular elements, a high degree of correlation being found for some of them. Case-referent evaluations showed an association between stomach cancer and exposure to a mixture of elements, namely, arsenic, copper, nickel, and manganese, and to some extent also to lead and chromium. For colon cancer, a clearly increasing trend in risk was seen with increasing use of antimony, and to some extent also with increasing use of lead, the two elements being strongly correlated. For lung cancer no obvious correlation with any metal could be found. In addition, the risk for death from cardiovascular disease was fairly evenly distributed, although slightly more related to increasing consumption of the strongly correlated metals nickel and copper.
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PMID:Epidemiologic studies of occupational cancer as related to complex mixtures of trace elements in the art glass industry. 815 83

In addition to sclerosifying by use of fibroendoscope which acts upon the source of bleeding, to achieve hemostasis and prevent bleeding relapses nowadays other methods have also gained acceptance. Major importance among these is attached to diathermocoagulation. It may principally be assumed that diathermocoagulation is indicated for critically ill patients with serious accompanying diseases of primary or secondary importance, as well as in the event of persistent bleeding during the clinical examination and impending resumption of bleeding soon after the examination. Hemostasis by electrocoagulation should not be attempted in patients in agonal state when endoscopic examination is in its self dangerous. It is contraindicated also when the source of bleeding can not be established, in cases of severe arterial bleeding, blurring the optics, and in severe concave ulcers carrying the risk of perforation. The method was applied on 173 patients; in 96 (55 per cent) electrocoagulation was successful and in 78 (45 per cent) was unsuccessful. Electrocoagulation was considered a success in patients with acute ulcers and cardiovascular disease, in cases of large erosive units of drug origin, in posteriorly located gastric ulcers, in Mallory-Weiss syndrome and in gastric cancer.
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PMID:[Our experience with diathermy coagulation as a form of therapeutic endoscopy in acute upper digestive tract hemorrhages]. 841 74

The postoperative course of 159 patients with early gastric cancer operated on between 1974 and 1987 was followed for a median of 7.3 years. The cumulative 10-year survival rate(s.e.) calculated using follow-up data to the end of 1989 was 90.6(2.7) per cent excluding operative death and that from causes other than gastric cancer, or 86.3(3.0) per cent when operative mortality was included. The overall 10-year survival rate(s.e.) was 77.3(3.7) per cent. Univariate analysis showed a significant difference in survival rates between cancers confined to the mucosa and those with submucosal invasion (P = 0.02), between patients with and without lymph node metastases (P = 0.05) and between those < or = 50 and > 50 years of age (P = 0.02). Using Cox multivariate analysis and a stepwise procedure for eight variables (sex, age, depth of invasion, lymph node metastases, presence of ulceration, location, histological type, type of surgery), age and histological type had the most significant effect on survival. Seven operative deaths were recorded. Eleven patients died from recurrent cancer and one is still alive with a gastric remnant recurrence. Other causes of death were metachronous primary cancer (six patients), cardiovascular disease (two), pneumonia (three), sepsis (one) and car accident (one). Although the prognosis of early gastric cancer is relatively good in western countries, patients should be carefully followed over a long period for late recurrence and for metachronous cancer, which has a high incidence.
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PMID:Early gastric cancer: follow-up after gastrectomy in 159 patients. 847 41

Authors analysed changes in consumption of selected food groups (cereals, fruit, vegetables, meat, fat, sweets) as well as mortality indexes (CVD, intestinal cancers, diabetes) among four European countries (the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Norway, Sweden) during 1970-1992. It was shown that consumption of fruit and vegetables (except the Netherlands) significantly increased. The growing tendency of meat consumption was decelerated, whereas no changes were observed in case of cereals, total fats and sweets. However (except Sweden) fats of animal origin decreased in favour of vegetable ones. As far as mortality from CVD and stomach cancer is concerned some decrease was observed in all countries. In addition mortality from intestine and colon cancer was lower in Sweden as well as UK. Although changes in dietary pattern are playing the crucial role observed mortality rates, other factors related to style of life incl. smoking or physical activity should not be overlooked.
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PMID:[Nutrition and mortality from some diet-related diseases]. 902 97

The postoperative course of 172 patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) was followed for a median 7 years to evaluate the causes of death, incidence and patterns of recurrence, and characteristic findings in the recurrent cases. The cumulative 10-year mortality rate (+/- SE) was 22 +/- 3.7%. Seven patients (4.1%) died of operative mortality, 11 (6.4%) died of a recurrence of the gastric cancer and 13 (7.6%) died of unrelated causes. Unrelated causes of death were metachronous primary cancer (n = 6), cardiovascular disease (n = 2), pneumonia (n = 3), sepsis (n = 1), and car accident (n = 1). Four patients died from gastric stump recurrence, three from liver metastases, two from lymph node metastases, and two from peritoneal dissemination. Using Cox multivariate analysis, histologic type had the most significant effect on recurrence. Although influenced by the tumor nature, the EGC prognosis is relatively good. Based on the results of this study, particularly in Western institutions, histologic examination of resection margins and lymphadenectomy should be improved. Moreover, patients must be carefully followed for late recurrence and metachronous cancer.
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PMID:Causes of death and recurrence after surgery for early gastric cancer. 914 77

The concentration of Mg, Ca and total hardness of well and tap water were examined in 98 towns and cities in Hyogo prefecture. The annual mortality rates of stomach cancer and CVD in these areas during 1975-1979 were analyzed by the concentration of Mg and Ca in well water. The mortality rate of stomach cancer was correlated significantly positively to Mg2+/Ca2+ ratio of well water, and a similar tendency was shown in tap water. A covariance analysis indicated Mg2+ to be correlated significantly to the mortality rate of stomach cancer. Thus, it is suggested that the relatively high concentration of Mg2+ compared to Ca2+ in drinking water might be one of the causes of stomach cancer in Japanese. But the concentration of Ca2+ was correlated significantly negatively to the mortality rate of CVD.
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PMID:Relationship between mortality rate of stomach cancer and cerebrovascular disease and concentrations of magnesium and calcium in well water in Hyogo prefecture. 948 82


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