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Query: UMLS:C0024623 (gastric cancer)
 36,219 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Methods have been established to produce gastric cancer in rats and dogs by administration of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine or of the ethyl derivate. The agent is administered in drinking water or by a pellet diet soaked in the carcinogen. Histologically well differentiated and poorly differentiated types of adenocarcinoma and signet-ring cell tumors are induced in several months with greath reliability. Metastases were observed in both rats and dogs with gastric carcinoma. The carcinogenic effect could be enhanced by surface active agents, sodium chloride, iodoacetamide, insertion of plastic beads into the stomach and gastroenteroanastomosis. Follow-up studies by radiologic, endoscopic and bioptic examinations are possible in the dog. There are similarities in these experimental tumors to those in man and thus they provide means for the investigation of histogenesis, prevention, and chemotherapy of gastric cancer. An adenocarcinoma of the glandular stomach of a Wistar rat was successively transplanted to new born rats of the same strain.
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PMID:[Experimental gastric cancer (author's transl)]. 96 36

The enzymological and immunological properties of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) isoenzymes in intestinal metaplasia and gastric carcinoma tissues were compared with those of purified human intestinal, placental, and hepatic ALP's to speculate the gene expression of gastric cancer cells. The results were as follows: Intestinal metaplasia was found in 21 of 23 cases (91%) of gastric cancer, whereas normal gastric mucosa had no ALP activity. ALP extracted from the mucosa of intestinal metaplasia was identical with intestinal ALP as to enzymological and immunological properties. ALP obtained from gastric carcinoma tissues of 23 patients was separated into 3 bands (ALPa, ALPb, and ALPc) by polyacrylamide-gel disc electrophoresis. Ten cases showed ALPa only, 4 cases showed ALPa and ALPb, 5 cases showed ALPa and ALPc, and the other 4 cases showed ALPa, ALPb, ALPc, respectively. It was concluded that ALPa was similar in its enzymological and immunological properties to hepatic-type ALP, ALPb was similar to placental-type ALP, and ALPc was similar to intestinal-type ALP, ALPb probably originates from the cancer cell itself. As for the other enzymes, ALPa and ALPc, further investigation should be made to determine whether they come from the cancer cell itself or not.
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PMID:Alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in intestinal metaplasia and carcinoma of the stomach. 97 61

33 cases of cancer of the gastric stump after gastrectomy for peptic ulcer observed between 1963 and 1972 are reviewed. In 26 patients the average interval between operation and carcinoma detection was over 20 years. No cases of carcinoma occurred in less than 10 years. All patients came too late for surgery, since they had attributed their symptoms to the previous operation. The gradual increase in the gastric-cancer risk of operated patients with time suggests a continuous carcinogenic influence. Regurgitation of duodenal contents through the Billroth II anastomosis seems to be the most important cause of postoperative atrophic gastritis, which is now considered by many authors to be a condition predisposing to gastric cancer. Gastric resection patients should be regarded as a high gastric-cancer risk group. The periodic use of modern procedures for early gastric cancer detection in this group of patients is therefore justified.
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PMID:[Gastric stump carcinoma after resection for benign gastric or duodenal ulcer (author's transl)]. 101 10

A short report is given on the development of diagnostics of early gastric cancers, whereby it is especially referred to the importance of the Japanese investigations of this phenomenon. The notion of the early carcinoma for gastric carcinomata which have affected only the mucous membrane or only in a slight degree the submucosa is widespread. But it contains a notion of time which is falsely presumed. As we at present do not certainly know, whether the early gastric carcinomata, all over the world known as "early cancer", really could not fail in developing to advanced gastric carcinomata, the name "early" carcinoma is questionable. Concerning this question further investigations are necessary, which should be directed to the definition of a risk group of gastric cancer. Finally is reported on own results in the diagnosis of 12 early gastric cancers.
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PMID:[The gastroscopic diagnosis of early stomach carcinoma]. 102 Mar 88

Serum RNase (ribonuclease) of normal persons and of patients with pancreatitis, carcinoma of pancreas, or other neoplasms was determined with poly(C) as substrate. Strikingly abnormal elevations occur in the serum RNase of patients with pancreatic cancer. There is no elevation in the serum RNase level of patients with pancreatitis. Average serum RNase values of 52 normal persons, 10 patients with pancreatitis, 30 patients with pancreatic cancer, 28 patients with breast cancer, 11 patients with lung cancer, 20 patients with colon cancer, six patients with stomach cancer, and four patients with liver cancer, respectively, were 104, 120, 383, 131, 173, 197, 194, and 152 units/ml of serum. Ninety percent of the patients with pancreatic cancer were above the level of 250 units of serum and 90% of all patients with varied cancers were below this level. In the presence of severe renal insufficiency, marked elevation of serum RNase was also observed. Serum RNase, because of its unique specificity, pancreatic origin, and its abnormal elevation in sera of patients with pancreatic cancer, serves as a reliable biochemical marker of carcinoma of the pancreas in the presence of normal renal function.
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PMID:Elevated serum ribonuclease in patients with pancreatic cancer. 106 80

Immunohistological studies, using the fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled antibody against gastric mucosal glycoprotein, were made during the development of gastric cancer, induced in dogs and rats by oral administration of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). In an early stage, the regenerative glands were lined by fluorescent mucus cells. Carcinoma cells of orderly glandular structure, produced in dogs, were devoid of fluorescence. Carcinoma cells of less differentiation, produced in rats during further advanced stage, were well fluorescent. The immunofluorescent profiles of such experimentally induced gastric carcinoma were found to be the same as those of human gastric adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Immunofluorescent staining of gastric mucosal glycoprotein in gastric carcinoma of dogs and rats induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. 110 80

The morphological state of gastric body mucosa was examined in 269 first-degree relatives of 64 index patients with gastric carcinoma and in 142 subjects selected at random. Gastric carcinoma was divided into three groups according to histological properties: carcinoma mucocellulare, carcinoma adenomatosum, and carcinoma anaplasticum. The state of gastric body mucosa was divided into five stages: normal, superficial gastritis, slight moderate, and severe atrophic gastritis. The results were subjected to the numerical analysis based on the stochastic theory. The term 'age-adjusted score' (AAS) employed therein defines the individual susceptiability to chronic gastritis. In terms of AAS, the material could be divided into 'high' and 'low' gastritis risk families. It appeared that the subjects belonging to carcinoma mucocellulare index patient families had a significantly higher susceptibility to chronic gastritis than the other relatives examined. These families were also significantly concentrated in the group of 'high risk' families. The heterogeneity of the relatives of gastric cancer patients as regards their gastritis risk should obviously be taken into account in future epidemiological studies. These findings constitute further justification of the genetic approach in studies concerning gastritis-gastric cancer relationship.
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PMID:Heterogeneity in susceptibility to chronic gastritis in relatives of gastric cancer patients with different histology of carcinoma. 118 7

An analysis of changes in the mucosa typical of chronic ulcer, polyp, gastric cancer and chronic gastritis was carried out on the basis of gastrobiopsy specimens. All these diseases were characterized by rearrangement of the mucosa, which manifested itself in atrophy of the specialized glandular parenchyma, proliferation of pavement-cuboidal and colomnar epithelium, intestinal metaplasia, and hypermucoidization of the stomach glands. Certain difficulties presents diagnosis based on gastrobiopsy specimens of cricoid, granulating and trabecular cancer. Of a decisive significance in the diagnosis of carcinoma is the presence in the mucosa proper of cricoid cells, which are stained with mucicarmine and give positive Schick-reaction, or pironinophilic epithelial ligaments not forming glandular lumens. The author analyses, on the basis of his personal experience, cases of hyperdiagnosis of gastric carcinoma. Proliferating glandular parenchyma, proliferation of pavement-cuboidal and colomnar epithelium, epithelial regenerates, and elements of the granulation tissue from the fundus of an ulcerative defect were taken for cancer.
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PMID:[Gastric biopsy in the diagnosis of stomach diseases]. 122 88

Gastric surface carcinoma or early cancer is defined as carcinoma limited to the mucosa or submucosa of the gastric wall. It has an excellent prognosis. Enormous progress in detection and histological diagnosis of early gastric carcinoma has been made with fibre-optic gastroscopy and guided biopsy. Macroscopic types and histological pattern of 18 cases of early cancer are described (16 mucosal and 2 submucosal carcinomas). The endoscopic biopsy allows the diagnosis "carcinoma" in most cases, if 5-6 biopsies are taken for examination. Definite diagnosis warrants throughout histological examination of the resected specimen showing the carcinoma limited to the superficial layers of the stomach wall. In 11 of our 18 cases the surface carcinoma was localised to the antrum and the angulus. The size of the carcinoma was less than 2 cm2 in 7 of 18 cases. 6 of 18 cases showed a multicentric origin. The good prognosis of early gastric cancer as compared to deeper infiltrating carcinomas justifies a more aggressive diagnostic approach. Problems concerned with diagnosis, surgical procedures and tissue preparation for histology are discussed.
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PMID:[The gastric surface carcinoma (early carcinoma)]. 125 Nov 45

A clinical study of a family (Sch.) with a high incidence of death from gastric cancer in the second generation is presented. Endoscopic and/or surgical evaluation of the stomach, upper small intestine, and colon in 14 mainly asymptomatic members of the third and fourth generations revealed single or multiple (solitary) papillary adenomas in the colon or jejunum in 2 members each of the two generations. In addition, single or multiple hyperplastic polyps in the stomach or colon were found in 5 members, in 4 of them in association with papillary adenomas. The findings in family Sch. are consistent with 'minor' adenomatous polyposis coli associated with gastric carcinoma. Gastric carcinoma probably represents another phenotype among the vast variety of extra-colonic and extra-alimentary neoplastic changes known to occur in association with familial polyposis coli (FPC). The relationship of hyperplastic polyps to papillary adenoma in the colon and to gastric carcinoma respectively is discussed. Finally, evidence for a genetic relationship between family Sch. and a case with probable FPC is presented.
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PMID:Familial 'minor' adenomatous polyposis coli associated with gastric carcinoma - a hiterto undescribed phenotype of polyposis coli? 127 1


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