Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024591 (malignant hyperthermia)
 2,353 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of two structurally similar butyrophenones (droperidol and haloperidol) and ketamine were evaluated in an in vitro system to determine their potential for eliciting or exacerbating an episode of malignant hyperthermia. Muscle strips from patients referred for diagnostic testing for malignant hyperthermia and muscle strips from the rat diaphragm were exposed to droperidol, haloperidol, or ketamine prior to challenge with halothane, succinylcholine or caffeine. If any agent augmented the contracture response to the malignant hyperthermia triggering or diagnostic agents, then the agent was considered unsafe for use in malignant hyperthermia susceptible patients. Droperidol 10 mumol/l and ketamine 100 mumol/l did not induce contractures in human or rat skeletal muscle when added alone, nor did they augment halothane, succinylcholine or caffeine contractures. These agents appear to be safe for use in patients susceptible to malignant hyperthermia. In contrast, haloperidol 10 mumol/l augmented the response to succinylcholine about 1.5-fold and may be contraindicated in MH susceptibles.
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PMID:Effects of droperidol, haloperidol and ketamine on halothane, succinylcholine and caffeine contractures: implications for malignant hyperthermia. 272 21

A 13 year old girl who had suffered from an abortive form of malignant hyperthermia during tonsillectomy eight years before was scheduled for orthopaedic surgery. Dantrolene sodium, 3 mg/kg orally, was given prophylactically the day before surgery; preanaesthetic medication consisted of Thalamonal, a fixed combination of droperidol and fentanyl; anaesthesia was induced with methohexitone and maintained as neurolept anaesthesia with fentanyl and droperidol; tubocurarine was administered for tracheal intubation and intraoperative neuromuscular blockade. Using this anaesthetic regimen no adverse reaction was triggered.
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PMID:[Anaesthesia in a patient susceptible to malignant hyperthermia (author's transl)]. 710 32

A group of 43 pigs from eight litters of purebred Pietrains were identified as malignant hyperthermia susceptible by halothane testing, and their reaction time (measured in seconds from the onset of halothane administration of the onset of skeletal muscle rigidity) was recorded. One week later, these pigs were treated with 0.02, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mg/kg of droperidol 1 hour prior to a second halothane test. Pigs with a post-droperidol reaction time of greater than 100.4 seconds (mean + 2.021 SD of initial reaction time) were considered to be protected from malignant hyperthermia. Droperidol afforded some degree of protection at all doses tested. The effective dose50 was determined to be 0.055 with 95% confidence limits of 0.017 to 0.183 mg/kg.
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PMID:Protection from halothane-induced porcine malignant hyperthermia syndrome by droperidol. 746 35