Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024591 (malignant hyperthermia)
 2,353 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects on erythrocyte fragility of two general anaesthetic agents (halothane and ethanol) and succinylcholine were examined using preparations from 13 normal and four malignant hyperthermia susceptible patients. Erythrocyte fragility was determined by the degree of haemolysis induced in solutions of decreasing osmolarity of NaCl. Halothane caused haemolysis of erythrocytes in an isoosmolar solution, being more potent at 42 degrees C than at 32 degrees C. Haemolysis produced by an hypoosmolar medium or halothane was potentiated by exogenously added phospholipase A2. Ethanol did not markedly alter the haemolysis of erythrocytes under conditions of decreasing osmolarity. Succinylcholine 10 mM did not significantly alter the susceptibility of erythrocytes to lysis by halothane. No differences in erythrocyte fragility were observed between preparations from normal and malignant hyperthermia susceptible patients under any of the conditions tested, despite the inclusion of malignant hyperthermia triggering agents in some instances. Although sampling a larger patient population might reveal slight differences between the groups, erythrocyte fragility tests do not appear to be useful in differentiating malignant hyperthermia susceptible from normal patients.
 ...
PMID:Effects of anaesthetic agents on erythrocyte fragility: comparison of normal and malignant hyperthermia susceptible patients. 360 52

Binge drinking of alcohol, cocaine overdose, or overexertion can lead to rhabdomyolysis characterized by elevated creatine kinase (CK) and myoglobin in the serum, myoglobinuria, and muscle tenderness. Our previous studies showed that ethanol, cocaine, and electrical stimulation enhanced the leakage of CK from isolated soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of rat. Dantrolene sodium was reported to reduce the muscle damage and elevated serum CK levels in exercised rats. The present study was aimed at testing whether dantrolene can reduce the enhanced leakage of CK from isolated rat soleus and EDL muscles caused by ethanol, cocaine, and electrical stimulation. After 4-hr incubation in oxygenated physiological solution at 37 degrees C, the mean leakage of CK was 1.56 units/mg of muscle in soleus and 0.89 units/mg in EDL. Ethanol at 0.2% increased the leakage of CK by 47% (p < 0.05) in soleus and by 26% in EDL. Cocaine at 1 mM increased the leakage of CK by 55% (p < 0.05) in soleus and by 27% in EDL. Electrical stimulation at 1 Hz for 4 hr increased the mean leakage of CK by 100% (p < 0.05) in soleus and 127% (p < 0.05) in EDL. Dantrolene sodium reduced the enhanced leakage of CK caused by ethanol, cocaine, and electrical stimulation significantly in soleus and slightly in EDL. Dantrolene may involve myoplasmic free Ca2+ in these beneficial effects as in malignant hyperthermia, and may be useful in the treatment of rhabdomyolysis associated with acute alcoholic myopathy, cocaine overdose, and overexertion.
 ...
PMID:Dantrolene sodium reduces the enhanced leakage of creatine kinase caused by ethanol, cocaine, and electrical stimulation in isolated fast and slow muscles of rat. 904 74