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Query: UMLS:C0024591 (malignant hyperthermia)
 2,353 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The preliminary results of a retrospective examination of the myocardium from 11 patients who responded to general anaesthesia with malignant hyperthermia are presented. Light-microscopical examination of the sections revealed no specific changes due to malignant hyperthermia. Contraction bands were demonstrated in 4 cases and it is concluded that the present investigation does not support the suggestion that a specific myofibrillar damage is responsbile for the arrhythmias seen in malignant hyperthermia.
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PMID:The histology of myocardium in malignant hyperthermia: a preliminary report of 11 cases. 45 62

We present a case of malignant hyperthermia in which successful management included the intravenous use of dantrolene sodium. A subsequent operation under spinal anaesthesia with oral dantrolene prophylaxis did not lead to development of malignant hyperthermia. Since this syndrome is rare during regional anaesthesia, the role of prophylactic oral dantrolene in preventing the redevelopment of malignant hyperthermia in our patient is open to question.
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PMID:Successful use of dantrolene sodium in human malignant hyperthermia syndrome: a case report. 50 49

Lactic acid, glucose, creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and some mineral components were determined in the blood of piglets before and after a halothane test of five minutes (only before for CPK). Two different experimental groups were studied: 222 Pietrain piglets from an INRA experimental herd, and 325 piglets from the Large White, French Landrace and Belgian Landrace breeds entering performance testing stations. Animals reacting positively to halothane ("MHS" piglets) have significantly higher blood levels of lactic acid and potassium before anesthesia than normal animals. CPK is also higher, except for the Belgian Landrace: in this breed CPK shows the same average value and distribution in the two groups of piglets (normal and MHS). There are also breed differences in blood magnesium, independently of the reaction to halothane. But the breed differences observed in lactic acid and CPK are related to the proportion of MHS piglets in each breed. Anesthesia by means of halothane lowers the measured blood characteristics--except for glucose--in normal animals, and rises them--except for potassium--in MHS piglets. The results are discussed in view of the incomplete discrimination between the two types of pigs, with a 5 minutes test, and, particularly, considering possible breed differences in that respect.
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PMID:[Blood characteristics of some french pig populations. Relationships with the malignant hyperthermia syndrome (author's transl)]. 54 25

This study compares several methods for diagnosing susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia, using two groups of Poland China swine narrowly defined as genetically susceptible or normal (five pigs each) depending respectively on their response to halothane or to halothane and succinylcholine. Vastus medialis muscle biopsies were excised under thiopental-N2O-O2 anesthesia and used for examination of (1) contracture responses to halothane, (2) contracture responses to caffeine and halothane-caffeine, and (3) adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion with and without halothane. All studies were performed in organ baths at 37 C. Halothane alone produced contractures in two susceptible and one normal preparation; caffeine always produced a contracture at lower concentrations in susceptible muscle; caffeine-halothane contractures in susceptible muscle occurred at lower mean caffeine concentrations, but there was some overlap of individual values; mean ATP depletion was greater in susceptible muscle, but with considerable overlap. Comparisons with the findings of others were hampered by use of absolute rather than comparative values for tension, e.g., grams, rather than grams per cross-sectional area or fraction of peak tension. Examination of the complete dose-response curve provided the best comparative information and caffeine was the consistent predictor of susceptibility.
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PMID:Muscle contractures and adenosine triphosphate depletion in porcine malignant hyperthermia. 57 59

Malignant hyperthermia of anesthesia is a severe complication and must be treated vigorously. The anesthetic should be stopped and the core body temperature reduced. Systemic complications must be anticipated, hopefully prevented, and appropriately treated. Appropriate laboratory studies must be obtained. A comprehensive family survey may alert the physician to a tendency toward this problem. Temperature monitoring during surgery may give an early warning of malignant hyperthermia developing. I would suggest that routine temperature monitoring during surgery be considered by the anesthesia department during each general anesthetic administration.
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PMID:Malignant hyperthermia. 59 49

Fourteen cases in which hyperpyrexia, akinesia, mutism, extrapyramidal symptoms and severe, diverse autonomic symptoms developed in the course of neuroleptic drug therapy are reported as the malignant neuroleptic syndrome, with analysis and discussion of the clinical features and pathogenic factors. Possible factors contributing to the danger of evoking this syndrome are: 1. Physical exhaustion associated with dehydration, and 2. Parenteral administration of neuroleptic agents, especially of the incisive type. Symptomatologic similarity of the syndrome to the condition known as malignant hyperthermia during anesthesia is also discussed.
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PMID:Malignant neuroleptic syndrome--its present status in Japan and clinical problems. 60 59

We describe a development of a malignant hyperthermia (MH) syndrome, partially aborted by therapy, in a child with central core disease and congenital dislocating hips. Patients with central core disease appear to be more susceptible to MH; possibly those with elevated serum creatine phosphokinase levels, as in our patient, are especially susceptible. We review the clinical and pathologic aspects, possible pathogenesis, and treatment of the MH syndrome. An increased calcium level within the muscle fiber is suggested as the major cytodestructive factor, and that increase could be consequent to a plasmalemmal susceptibility to the provoking drugs hypothesized to be the basic defect in MH. Prevention of the full manifestations of MH is predicated on (1) a high index of suspicion in the search for history of anesthetic complications in the patient and his family, with or without evident neuromuscular disease, (2) recognition that there is a somewhat greater risk of MH developing in a patient who has certain "musculoskeletal" abnormalities or muscle weakness but that is not-except for central core disease-a classic clinicopathologically defined disease, (3) close monitoring of patients during anesthesia, and (4) if the syndrome develops, prompt therapeutic measures, including cessation of anesthesia.
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PMID:Malignant hyperthermia and central core disease in a child with congenital dislocating hips. 63 52

A case of successfully treated fulminant malignant hyperpyrexia induced by halothane is reported. The patient underwent uneventful general anaesthesia with Althesin, nitrous oxide, fentanyl and pancuronium 1 week later. The treatment of the established MH-syndrome and its prevention in MH-susceptible patients are discussed.
Anaesthesia
PMID:Malignant hyperpyrexia. A case report of successful treatment and subsequent uneventful general anaesthesia. 68 31

We report a case of malignant hyperthermia in a man of 41 years during his 13th general anaesthesia. All previous anaesthetics were quite normal. Musculoskeletal abnormalities and increased CPK-levels are to be found in some members of the patient's family. The combined use of suxamethonium and halothane might have caused the development of malignant hyperthermia. As a concept of the aetiology of the syndrome the case history indicates that it may be stress-related.
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PMID:[Malignant hyperthermia during the 13th general anaesthesia (author's transl)]. 71 53

Two cases of anaesthesia-induced malignant hyperthermia are reported. One patient died; the other, a 29-years-old woman, recovered without ascertainable after-effects although high temperature persisted for a relatively long time. Suggestions for the early diagnosis of malignant hyperthermia are analysed and the problem of procaine dosage is briefly discussed.
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PMID:[Anaesthesia-induced malignant hyperthermia (author's transl)]. 72 32


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