Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024591 (malignant hyperthermia)
 2,353 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains and the very few drugs available for treatment are promoting the discovery and development of new molecules that could help in the control of this disease. Bacteriocin AS-48 is an antibacterial peptide produced by Enterococcus faecalis and is active against several Gram-positive bacteria. We have found that AS-48 was active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including H37Rv and other reference and clinical strains, and also against some nontuberculous clinical mycobacterial species. The combination of AS-48 with either lysozyme or ethambutol (commonly used in the treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis) increased the antituberculosis action of AS-48, showing a synergic interaction. Under these conditions, AS-48 exhibits a MIC close to some MICs of the first-line antituberculosis agents. The inhibitory activity of AS-48 and its synergistic combination with ethambutol were also observed on M. tuberculosis-infected macrophages. Finally, AS-48 did not show any cytotoxicity against THP-1, MHS, and J774.2 macrophage cell lines at concentrations close to its MIC. In summary, bacteriocin AS-48 has interesting antimycobacterial activity in vitro and low cytotoxicity, so further studies in vivo will contribute to its development as a potential additional drug for antituberculosis therapy.
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PMID:Synergy between Circular Bacteriocin AS-48 and Ethambutol against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 2998 41

A high proportion of individuals with HIV infection currently are diagnosed at an advanced stage of disease (late presenters), increasing their risk for immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). IRIS typically occurs within 6 months of initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in patients with low CD4+ cell counts and can occur before any marked elevation in CD4+ count is achieved on ART. In addition to low CD4+ count at ART initiation, 2 other major clinical predictors of IRIS are preexisting opportunistic infection (including subclinical infection) and shorter treatment period for opportunistic infection prior to starting ART. Mycobacterial infection-associated IRIS, including tuberculosis (TB)-associated IRIS, and cryptococcal infection-associated IRIS are the most common forms of the syndrome. Corticosteroid prophylaxis and early treatment can be effective in reducing incidence of TB-IRIS and severity of symptoms in select patients. Sterilization of the cerebrospinal fluid should be achieved prior to starting ART in patients with TB meningitis and cryptococcal meningitis. This article summarizes a presentation by Irini Sereti, MD, MHS, at the International Antiviral Society-USA (IAS-USA) continuing education program held in Washington, DC, in April 2019.
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PMID:Immune reconstruction inflammatory syndrome in HIV infection: beyond what meets the eye. 3222 2