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Query: UMLS:C0024591 (malignant hyperthermia)
 2,353 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A sixteen-year-old male with sickle cell anemia and congenital strabismus developed malignant hyperthermia a few minutes after the administration of succinylcholine, used as the general anesthetic for corrective eye surgery. The patient's hemoglobin S level was reduced to fifteen percent before the operation. He recovered uneventfully within a few hours. Increased serum creatinine phosphokinase activity and pathological changes observed in the muscle biopsy along with strabismus suggest that the patient had an inherited susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia.
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PMID:Malignant hyperthermia in a patient with sickle cell anemia. 248 91

Malignant hyperthermia is a potentially fatal complication of general anesthesia that may occur with greater frequency in ptosis and strabismus surgery. The case of a two-year-old girl who suffered a malignant hyperthermia crisis during strabismus surgery is reported. The pathophysiology, clinical features, treatment and pre-anesthetic diagnosis are reviewed in detail.
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PMID:[Malignant hyperthermia in ophthalmologic surgery]. 307 76

Malignant hyperthermia is a potentially fatal complication of general anesthesia that may occur with greater frequency in some patients with ptosis or strabismus. The history of our knowledge of this recently described condition is outlined. The clinical features, pathophysiology, and differential diagnosis are reviewed in detail. A protocol for the treatment of the acute malignant hyperthermia crisis and guidelines for the management of susceptible patients are suggested. The medicolegal implications of the occurrence of such a crisis are discussed.
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PMID:Malignant hyperthermia. 635 12

Administration of succinylcholine to normal individuals results in alterations in muscle membrane integrity expressed as a slight increase in the concentrations of creatine phosphokinase (CK) in serum and appearance of small amounts of myoglobin in the urine, but without clinical symptoms. Subjects with strabismus due to congenital muscular dystrophy may develop more significant rhabdomyolysis expressed as muscle stiffness and weakness, massive myoglobinuria, marked elevation of serum CK and other enzymes, metabolic acidosis, tachycardia and moderate elevation of body temperature. In some cases grave malignant hyperthermia with significant hypoxia, metabolic acidosis, tachycardia and marked abnormalities in serum electrolyte concentrations may cause irreversible damage to the central nervous system and other vital organs and death. A case of difficult anaesthesia for a six year old boy belonging to family affected with muscular dystrophy is presented. More attention must be given to preoperative examination (anamnesis, serum enzymes) or ophthalmological patients and more careful monitoring during anaesthesia and in the early postoperative period must be instituted to prevent and treat complications induced by succinylcholine and volatile anaesthetic agents.
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PMID:Strabismus as a possible sign of subclinical muscular dystrophy predisposing to rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria: a study of an affected family. 710 7

Malignant hyperthermia, a relatively recently described entity, is a little-understood disease process usually manifesting as operative or postoperative hyperpyrexia in association with a hypermetabolic state. Specific therapy with procaine (Novocaine) and more recently with a muscle relaxant, dantrolene sodium (Dantrium), has shown itself to be life-saving, and currently diagnosis can be made by muscle biopsy in patients from affected pedigrees. Malignant hyperthermia is a risk in all general anesthetic procedures, particularly squint and ptosis repair, and may even be a consideration with local anesthesia.
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PMID:Malignant hyperthermia. Considerations for the ophthalmologist. 724 23

Malignant hyperthermia is an autosomal dominant disorder with variable expressivity that is caused by a membrane defect in the sarcolemma of myofibrils. A patient with strabismus (esotropia) had tachycardia and masseter muscle rigidity on exposure to succinylcholine chloride and halothane, but because of rapid recognition of the condition and discontinuation of the procedure, the potentially lethal complications of malignant hyperthermia did not develop. A serum creatine phosphokinase level showed a substantial increase above normal. Two weeks later, the patient underwent successful correction of the strabismus under general anesthesia, using morphine sulfate and thiopental sodium without complication. This condition is of interest to ophthalmologists because it occurs with increasing frequency in patients with strabismus and ptosis, and it may be triggered by certain local anesthetic agents often used by ophthalmologists.
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PMID:Suspected malignant hyperthermia in a strabismus patient. A case report. 725 98

Malignant hyperthermia is a pharmacogenetic disease involving uninhibited flow of calcium ion into the muscle substance. This leads to a combined metabolic and respiratory acidosis and the liberation of heat. If not immediately controlled, cellular death results. We treated a 4-year-old girl who suffered a malignant hyperthermia crisis during strabismus surgery. Hyperventilation with 100% oxygen and intravenously administered dantrolene sodium, furosemide, and fluids controlled the attack and the child recovered completely.
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PMID:Malignant hyperthermia syndrome. 729 8

Strabismus, one of the most common eye problems in children, is the inability to focus one or both eyes on an object. Strabismus results from poor extraocular muscle coordination. Patients with strabismus undergo surgery to reduce ocular deviation, restore normal vision, cosmetically straighten the eyes, and develop sensory fusion that will maintain motor alignment. Because strabismus is a muscular problem, patients with strabismus are at increased risk for malignant hyperthermia (MH). This risk is an important perioperative consideration. The perioperative nurse must be familiar with the MH protocol and be prepared to treat a child in this emergent situation.
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PMID:Strabismus repair in the pediatric patient. 782 46

We experienced two cases of malignant hyperthermia (MH) triggered by sevoflurane. Case 1 was a six-year-old girl, 15.8 kg, undergoing strabismus repair. She had flat back, elevated diaphragm and high arched palate. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with sevoflurane and nitrous oxide in oxygen. Her trachea was intubated without the use of muscle relaxant. Thirty minutes after the induction of anesthesia, ETco2 was over 60 mmHg despite hyperventilation. Muscle rigidity of legs and the rise in temperature were noted. MH was diagnosed and dantrolene i.v. was administered. Her maximum esophageal temperature was 40.2 degrees C. ETco2 and temperature returned to baseline values after dantrolene administration. Creatine phosphokinase (CK) level was 252 U.l-1 preoperatively, and 1690 U.l-1 next day. Case 2 was a year-and-9-month-old boy undergoing accessory ear resection. Anesthesia was induced with sevoflurane and nitrous oxide in oxygen. His trachea was intubated with an aid of vecuronium. Forty minutes after administration of sevoflurane his temperature rose to 38.6 degrees C with heart rate 191 bpm and Spo2 93%, and muscle rigidity of legs. MH was diagnosed and dantrolene was administered. His highest temperature was 39.3 degrees C and was reduced promptly after dantrolene. Postoperatively he was noted to have downslanting palpebral fissures, micrognathia, low set ears, and a single crease of the fifth finger and diagnosed as King syndrome which is reported to have association with MH. Both patients had no history of anesthesia nor abnormal family history. Both of them were rescued with dantrolene and recovered without sequelae.
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PMID:[Two pediatric cases of malignant hyperthermia caused by sevoflurane]. 1175 32

We experienced a case of malignant hyperthermia (MH) in 6-year-old boy during anesthesia induction for strabismus surgery. It has been generally reported that sevoflurane can induce the delayed onset of MH in the absence of succinylcholine. Our case of MH was elicited after about 2-3 min of sevoflurane administration with N(2)O, O(2) and rocuronium. However, we successfully treated the patient by early recognition of his condition and administering symptomatic treatment and dantrolene.
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PMID:A case of malignant hyperthermia during anesthesia induction with sevoflurane -A case report-. 2128 62


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