Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024591 (malignant hyperthermia)
 2,353 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fourteen cases in which hyperpyrexia, akinesia, mutism, extrapyramidal symptoms and severe, diverse autonomic symptoms developed in the course of neuroleptic drug therapy are reported as the malignant neuroleptic syndrome, with analysis and discussion of the clinical features and pathogenic factors. Possible factors contributing to the danger of evoking this syndrome are: 1. Physical exhaustion associated with dehydration, and 2. Parenteral administration of neuroleptic agents, especially of the incisive type. Symptomatologic similarity of the syndrome to the condition known as malignant hyperthermia during anesthesia is also discussed.
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PMID:Malignant neuroleptic syndrome--its present status in Japan and clinical problems. 60 59

This paper presents a patient showing both the unusual syndrome of catamenial pneumothorax and a strong family history of malignant hyperthermia. The anaesthetic management is described and discussed.
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PMID:Catamenial pneumothorax and malignant hyperthermia. 62 7

Narcots and muscle relaxants are proven causes of malignant hyperthermia. Alcohol and a large number of drugs are capable of inducing myopathic changes which resemble malignant hyperthermia. The case of a 47-year-old man is reported who presented with the clinical symptoms of maligant hyperthermia. The similarity in the course of the disturbance, the clinical and chemical findings and the changes in the morphological features of the muscle suggested that the abnormally high body temperature had been induced by psychotropic durgs in a pre-disposed patient with an history of chronic alcoholism.
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PMID:[A case of malignant hyperthermia unrelated to anaesthesia (author's transl)]. 63 2

We describe a development of a malignant hyperthermia (MH) syndrome, partially aborted by therapy, in a child with central core disease and congenital dislocating hips. Patients with central core disease appear to be more susceptible to MH; possibly those with elevated serum creatine phosphokinase levels, as in our patient, are especially susceptible. We review the clinical and pathologic aspects, possible pathogenesis, and treatment of the MH syndrome. An increased calcium level within the muscle fiber is suggested as the major cytodestructive factor, and that increase could be consequent to a plasmalemmal susceptibility to the provoking drugs hypothesized to be the basic defect in MH. Prevention of the full manifestations of MH is predicated on (1) a high index of suspicion in the search for history of anesthetic complications in the patient and his family, with or without evident neuromuscular disease, (2) recognition that there is a somewhat greater risk of MH developing in a patient who has certain "musculoskeletal" abnormalities or muscle weakness but that is not-except for central core disease-a classic clinicopathologically defined disease, (3) close monitoring of patients during anesthesia, and (4) if the syndrome develops, prompt therapeutic measures, including cessation of anesthesia.
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PMID:Malignant hyperthermia and central core disease in a child with congenital dislocating hips. 63 52

The effects of bilateral adrenalectomy, together with the i.v. administration of bretylium tosylate 20 mg kg-1 on halothane-induced malignant hyperthermia (MH), were investigated in six Pietrain pigs. All six animals survived the halothane challenge, and failed to show any signs of increased muscle metabolism. Bilateral adrenalectomy alone prevented halothane-induced MH in three out of four Pietrain pigs, whereas the i.v. administration of bretylium alone protected only one pig out of an additional four animals studied. The results show that complete adrenergic blockade inhibits the susceptibility of Pietrain skeletal muscle to halothane and that the adrenal medulla makes an important contribution to this response.
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PMID:Porcine malignant hyperthermia. VI: the effects of bilateral adrenalectomy and pretreatment with bretylium on the halothane-induced response. 63 97

The clinical and laboratory findings in 4 children with signs of malignant hyperthermia are reported. In all cases an extraordinary elevation of creatine kinase activity in serum was observed. By investigation of the creatine kinase isoenzyme activities we tried to determine the origin of creatine kinase. In contrast to other reports, creatine kinase BB derived from brain was found to be absent in all cases, although creatine kinase MM and MB showed remarkable alterations. A certificate for all patients who have survived malignant hyperthermia is suggested.
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PMID:[Clinical and laboratory aspects of malignant hyperthermia in children with special reference to creatine kinase isoenzymes (author's transl)]. 64 84

A case of allergic rash associated with malignant hyperthermia (body temperature of 41 C) occurred in a patient who had been taking 400 mg of thioridazine hydrochloride (Mellaril) daily for two days. The condition responded well to supportive measures and immediate discontinuation of the drug use.
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PMID:Malignant hyperthermia. An allergic reaction to thioridazine therapy. 64 45

Heat stroke following effort is not confined to hot regions. The authors have seen five cases in the Paris region between 1967 and 1974. It particularly affects young subjects, in pour training or living away from home. Clinically very similar to anaesthetic malignant hyperthermia, it has the same gravity, with a high mortality rate. It may be characterised by the triad: coma, muscular hypertonicity and hyperthermia of over 40 degrees C. Refrigeration, sedation and rehydration are all the more effective when started early. Improved knowledge of malignant hyperthermia of effort, within the more confused context of heat stroke, will ensure that it is recognised more frequently, limit its consequences and lead to better understanding of its underlying cause, the origin of which is undoubtedly muscular.
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PMID:[Malignant hyperthermia of effort or "heat stroke" (author's transl)]. 67 9

The rates of acid production were compared in thin strips of muscle biopsy samples isolated from malignant hyperpyrexia and control vastus internus human muscle. Halothane doubled the rate of acid production by malignant hyperpyrexia susceptible muscle but had no effect on control samples. This increased rate of release of acid from muscle was not from lactate. In addition, the pyruvate dehydrogenase activity of both control and malignant hyperpyrexia muscle samples was not stimulated by halothane.
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PMID:Effect of halothane on the rate of acid production, lactate production and pyruvate dehydrogenase activity of malignant hyperpyrexia human muscle. 67 67

A case of successfully treated fulminant malignant hyperpyrexia induced by halothane is reported. The patient underwent uneventful general anaesthesia with Althesin, nitrous oxide, fentanyl and pancuronium 1 week later. The treatment of the established MH-syndrome and its prevention in MH-susceptible patients are discussed.
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PMID:Malignant hyperpyrexia. A case report of successful treatment and subsequent uneventful general anaesthesia. 68 31


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