Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024591 (malignant hyperthermia)
 2,353 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We present a patient with hepatitis C and D and hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent preoperative evaluation for orthotopic liver transplantation. In his past medical history, he reported a life-threatening event during tonsillectomy in 1975. Intubation was impossible due to extreme jaw muscle tension, followed by excessive elevation in body temperature, tachycardia, and coma for a few days. We evaluated him for malignant hyperthermia, according to the European Malignant Hyperthermia Group Protocol, and found him highly positive in both the halothane and caffeine test, respectively. Three months later, we performed an orthotopic liver transplantation. During retransplantation 4 years later, due to ischemic-type biliary lesions, he suffered massive intraoperative bleeding. Blood products, as well as coagulation factors and aprotinin, were well tolerated. Anesthesia was performed in a trigger-free total intravenous technique without dantrolene prophylaxis, but dantrolene was readily available in sufficient quantities in the operating room. The patient did not encounter a malignant hyperthermia crisis in either perioperative period.
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PMID:Orthotopic liver transplantation in a malignant hyperthermia susceptible patient. 1629 58

Treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients with cirrhosis remains challenging. Biopsy to stage liver fibrosis remains the standard for identifying cirrhosis, although the noninvasive technique of transient elastography is promising in this regard. Cirrhosis is categorized as compensated or decompensated, with the latter characterized by ascites, hepatic hydrothorax, bleeding varices, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome. In the interferon alfa treatment era, patients with compensated cirrhosis have been candidates for interferon alfa-based treatment, whereas those with decompensated cirrhosis have been treated with caution and only at a tertiary care or transplant center. New interferon alfa-free regimens offer safer treatment alternatives to patients with cirrhosis. Response to interferon alfa-based therapy alone and in combination with the first-generation HCV protease inhibitors boceprevir or telaprevir for the treatment of HCV genotype 1 infection has been poorer in patients with cirrhosis than in those without. With regimens that include newer direct-acting antivirals, response rates are tremendously improved for patients with cirrhosis but still slightly lower than those for patients without cirrhosis. As new regimens enter use outside of clinical trials, optimizing efficacy for patients with cirrhosis will be an important goal. Patients with cirrhosis must be taught to practice liver wellness following HCV cure, to lower the risk of progression of their liver disease. Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma also persists in patients with cirrhosis even if cure of HCV infection is achieved. The risk of these complications is dramatically reduced with cure of HCV infection through antiviral treatment. This article summarizes a presentation by Andrew J. Muir, MD, MHS, at the IAS-USA continuing education program held in Atlanta, Georgia, in September 2013.
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PMID:Cirrhosis in hepatitis C virus-infected patients: a review for practitioners new to hepatitis C care. 2539 70

There is evidence that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, like HIV infection, may be associated with chronic inflammation, immune activation, and immune senescence, which contribute to increased risks for cardiometabolic or other diseases outside the liver, as well as to ongoing damage in the liver. These effects may persist after a sustained virologic response (SVR) is achieved with HCV therapy. Such findings support initiation of treatment for HCV-infected individuals before damage to the liver is apparent and monitoring of individuals for complications even after an SVR is achieved. Fibrosis is not always reversible after SVR is achieved, and this should serve as an argument against waiting until fibrosis develops before initiating treatment for HCV-infected individuals. This article summarizes a presentation by Susanna Naggie, MD, MHS, at the IAS-USA continuing education program, Management of Hepatitis C Virus in the New Era: Small Molecules Bring Big Changes, in New York, New York, in September 2015.
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PMID:Hepatitis C Virus, Inflammation, and Cellular Aging: Turning Back Time. 2840 27