Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024530 (malaria)
 44,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bioenvironmental control of malaria was achieved at the Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Ltd. (IDPL) complex, Rishikesh, Dehra Dun distt., Uttar Pradesh, India. The IDPL complex is in 15 sq km area with about 25,000 population. One major mosquito-breeding site of about one sq km was eliminated by diverting the factory effluents into a drain. Filling borrow pits, ditches and low-lying areas with burnt coke ash, cleaning blocked drains, mosquito-proofing the overhead water tanks, application of larvivorous fishes and improved case detection and treatment were the additional malaria-control measures. Impact assessment of the interventions revealed that there was 25% reduction in malaria incidence as well as 90% reduction in the use of antimalarials, and a considerable reduction in nuisance mosquito species and malaria vector densities.
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PMID:Bioenvironmental control of malaria at the Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Rishikesh (U.P.). 168 12

A study on the bio-environmental control of industrial malaria was launched at Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd., the country's foremost industrial complex. Malaria was a serious problem on the campus of the complex and routine methods of malaria control by providing screened doors, larviciding, fogging, limited spraying in the unauthorized colonies and chemotherapy were not effective. The project staff diverted the existing resources to reduce mosquito breeding sites by using fly ash to fill low lying areas, borrow pits and ditches, etc.; cleaning blocked drains and improving drainage by constructing cemented drains, mosquito-proofing overhead water storage tanks, improving surveillance and chemotherapy and introducing developmental schemes to make it a holistic process. The entire campus was brought under the alternate strategy during a 5 month period. In less than one year indigenous transmission was interrupted and the areas brought under maintenance at a cost of US +28,000. The study showed that in this instance malaria control should first be based on source reduction rather than insecticidal methods.
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PMID:Bio-environmental control of malaria in an industrial complex at Hardwar (U.P.), India. 322 61

A bioenvironmental model to control malaria at Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd. in Hardwar was developed by using existing resources to reduce mosquito breeding. The civil maintenance department carried out major source reduction work by filling pits, low lying areas, ditches, etc., with fly ash from a coal-fired power station, construction of stand posts and proper drainage, mosquito proofing of overhead tanks, and preventive maintenance of the water supply and the sewage system. The project staff has applied 1) expanded polystyrene beads to underground tanks, leaking sluice valve chambers, and blocked sewage manholes; 2) biolarvicides to water accumulated in factory scraps, blocked drains, and riverbed pools, and 3) larvivorous fish to storm water drains, effluent ponds, and drains for the effective control of mosquito breeding. Improved surveillance and treatment coupled with comprehensive developmental schemes were additional tools to gain community support. As a result of intervention measures, the vector density in the township was significantly lowered compared to that of a control area, and there was a drastic reduction in malaria incidence compared to that of the preintervention year: only 190 cases were recorded in 1995, compared to 3,049 cases in 1985. The study has shown that malaria control in an industrial township through an integrated control approach is practical, sustainable, and economically feasible and reduces insecticide pollution in the environment.
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PMID:Bioenvironmental control of industrial malaria at Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd., Hardwar, India--results of a nine-year study (1987-95). 938 72

In 1735 Carolus Linnaeus wrote that quinine was the preferred treatment for malaria but that the bark of the ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and worm-wood (Artemisia absinthium) also had effects on the disease. We here report that lipo- and hydrophilic extracts of the bark of the ash inhibit the in vitro growth of the asexual stages of P. falciparum. The data suggests that the knowledge of the treatment of malaria was already available in Europe some 300 years ago.
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PMID:Carolus Linnaeus, the ash, worm-wood and other anti-malarial plants. 2093 11

Caesalpinia bonduc (L.) Roxb. (Kuberaksha) is an Ayurvedic herb used in the management of malaria, liver disorders, worms, edematous conditions, etc. Based on classical Ayurvedic textual indications and recent pharmacological studies, its leaf powder was selected for studying its effect clinically on filaria. Before conducting the clinical trails, this leaf powder was subjected to certain chemical studies to find the pH, ash value, extractive values, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC), etc. for standardization of the drug.
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PMID:Analytical study of Kuberaksha/Kantaki Karanja Patra Churna [Caesalpinia Bonduc (L.) Roxb. leaf powder]. 2213 20

Berberis aristata known as "Daruharidra" in Ayurveda is a versatile medicinal plant used singly or in combination with other medicinal plants for treating a variety of ailments like jaundice, enlargement of spleen, leprosy, rheumatism, fever, morning/evening sickness, snakebite, and so forth. A major bioactive marker of this genus is an alkaloid berberine, which is known for its activity against cholera, acute diarrhea, amoebiasis, and latent malaria and for the treatment of oriental sore caused by Leishmania tropica. Although the roots of B. aristata are considered as the official drug (Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India), the study revealed that different species of Berberis, namely. B. asiatica, B. chitria, and B. lycium are also used under the name of Daruharidra in different parts of the country. Detailed physicochemical and phytochemical studies of subjects like total ash, acid insoluble ash, tannins, and total alkaloids were calculated from the shade dried powdered material according to the recommended procedures. Further, heavy metal studies and quantitative estimation of berberine through HPTLC have also been performed as per ICH guidelines. A detailed study of four Berberis species, namely B. aristata, B. asiatica, B. chitria, and B. lycium, which are implicated as Daruharidra and collected from wild and ten commercial samples procured from various important drug markets in India has been carried out, which may be useful to pharmaceutical industries for the authentication of the commercial samples and exploring the possibilities of using other species as a substitute of B. aristata.
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PMID:Quality evaluation of ayurvedic crude drug daruharidra, its allied species, and commercial samples from herbal drug markets of India. 2343 40