Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024530 (malaria)
 44,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Allotypes of IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgA2 subclasses were investigated in seven Lebanese communities (three Moslem and four Christian). The Gm-Am haplotypes found were mainly those prevalent in Caucasians with a low frequency of haplotypes usually observed in Africans and Orientals. The difference between highlanders and lowlanders as expressed by G2m(23) was highly significant and suggested a possible adaptation to selective pressure related to the gamma2 genes, possibly due to endemic malaria in the past. Exceptional Gm-Am haplotypes were unambiguously determined by family studies. Some were characterized either by a deletion or a repression or, in contrast, by a partial or total duplication of gamma genes. Two others had uncommon combinations of allotypes: Gm17;23;5,10,11,13,14 A2m1, where G1m (17) was present without G1m (1); and Gm3;23;5,14 A2m1, where the CH3 allotypes G3m (10,11,13) were lacking.
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PMID:Common and uncommon immunoglobulin haplotypes among Lebanese communities. 64 Jun 54

1218 individuals from Sardinia island (Italy) were tested for Gm and Km markers; 10 were not tested for Gm and only 401 were typed for Am markers. The peculiar genetic makeup of the Sardinian population is confirmed by their Gm allotypes. Their differences from those found in a control population of continental Italy (Ferrara), suggest ancient contacts with the Middle East and Africa. An indication for such contacts may also be found in the striking presence of the haplotype Gm f;n;bsc5, a haplotype not previously found in a human population. A significant difference of G2m(n) allotype was observed between highland and lowland regions. If confirmed, it may suggest an adaptive pressure related to the CH2 region of the gamma2 chain, possibly due to endemic malaria in the past.
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PMID:Immunoglobulin allotypes in Sardinia. 124 22

Serum IgG concentration was lower in Jamaicans than in Nigerians. The maternalfoetal IgG ratio was also lower in Jamaican sera than in Nigerian sera. It is suggested that endemic malaria in Nigeria may be responsible for these differences. The higher IgM concentration in the Nigerian cord sera may be further evidence of this. Eighteen new cases of myeloma were detected in Jamaicans between August 1966 and May 1967. Based on Gm typing, only two of these showed evidence of mixed white ancestry. All the others had the typical Gm groups of Negroes. Similarly, only two patients out of a total of 17 with malignant lymphoma showed evidence of mixed white ancestry. Twelve of the patients with myeloma showed serum proteins of the IgG type, five were IgA, and one had only light chains in the serum. The majority of the patients had myeloma protein of the kappa type. The Gm typing suggested that six patients had myeloma protein of the gamma1 heavy chain subclass, and one patient had a gamma3 subclass heavy chain, the remainder belonging most likely to the gamma2 heavy chain subclass since gamma2 occurs about four times as frequently as gamma4.
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PMID:Immunoglobulins in Jamaicans and Nigerians with immunogenetic typing of myeloma and lymphoma in Jamaicans. 419 93

Data on the effects of Plasmodium gallinaceum on domesticated fowl are sparse, justifying a full investigation of its pathology. Clinical signs following blood-induced infections with the Wellcome line of strain 8A included depression, fever, anorexia, reduced weight gain, poor feed conversion, anaemia, green faeces and often death. After administration of 10(6) erythrocytic parasites, mortality 5 to 10 days after infection was 10% to 93% in chickens 7 to 84 days old. The older the birds, the lower the mortality and the longer the time to death. Onset of detectable parasitaemia occurred mostly during the second day after infection (59% of birds). Peak parasitaemia (approximately 70%) occurred on the sixth day in 85% of surviving birds. The patent period was usually 7 to 19 days. Abnormally low haematocrit values of < or =24% and high colonic temperatures of > or =42 degrees C were recorded. A febrile response is demonstrated conclusively here in P. gallinaceum malaria for the first time. Weight gain of malarious birds was reduced by approximately 18% to 51%, and feed conversion efficiency was often reduced by approximately 12% to 41%. Growth reduction was due entirely to anorexia. Liver weight relative to body weight (normally approximately 2% to 3%) increased to approximately 4.5% by 8 days, and relative spleen weight (normally approximately 0.2%) increased to 1.6% by 12 days. Specific gravities of livers and spleens in healthy and infected birds were approximately 1.09. Gall bladder volume in malarious birds 8 days after infection was approximately four times that of normal birds. Statistically significant changes occurred in the proportions of plasma proteins in malarious birds 8 days after infection; albumin and alpha2-globulin were reduced, while gamma1-globulin and gamma2-globulin were increased. Those changes coincided with significant increases in concentrations of plasma total protein and the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyltransferase, and a decrease in creatinine. Green (biliverdin) colouration of the faeces was a consistent sign of malaria. Birds acquired non-sterile immunity after a single primary infection. The quantitative data presented facilitate selection of the most useful criteria for field diagnosis, estimation of potential economic losses, and assessment of potential avian antimalarial drugs.
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PMID:Avian malaria: clinical and chemical pathology of Plasmodium gallinaceum in the domesticated fowl Gallus gallus. 1576 37