Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024530 (malaria)
 44,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

SMS 201-995, a new long-acting, synthetic somatostatin analogue, dose 50 micrograms/h, given as a continuous intravenous infusion, completely abolished quinine-induced insulin release in 9 healthy Thai volunteers. Hyperinsulinaemia, which caused sustained hypoglycaemia in a 32-year-old post-partum Thai patient who was receiving intravenous quinine for falciparum malaria, was suppressed within 30 min of starting SMS 201-995, and the patient became fully conscious. This octapeptide antagonises the stimulatory effect of quinine on the pancreatic beta cell and is a specific therapy for life-threatening hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia complicating falciparum malaria.
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PMID:Effectiveness of SMS 201-995, a synthetic, long-acting somatostatin analogue, in treatment of quinine-induced hyperinsulinaemia. 287 Feb 26

The mechanism and response to treatment of severe life-threatening hypoglycaemia (plasma glucose 1.15 +/- 0.73 mM/l [+/- SD]) was studied in eight Thai patients with falciparum malaria. Plasma insulin concentrations were inappropriately high (range 1.0-21.8 mU/l), lactic acidosis was common (arterial blood lactic acid concentration 1.44-17.8 mM/l), but the glucose counterregulatory response, indicated by plasma cortisol, growth hormone, catecholamines and glucagon concentrations, was intact. Hyperinsulinaemia was successfully treated in five patients by a continuous intravenous infusion of the long-acting somatostatin analogue Sandostatin (SMS 201-995), 50 micrograms/h. In volunteer studies a single intramuscular injection of Sandostatin (100 micrograms) suppressed quinine-induced hyperinsulinaemia within 15 min; this effect was maintained for 6 h. These results suggest that Sandostatin may be a safe and effective way of correcting the hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia complicating quinine treatment of falciparum malaria. This treatment could be particularly useful in fluid-overloaded patients with recurrent hypoglycaemia despite dextrose infusions.
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PMID:Hypoglycaemia and counterregulatory hormone responses in severe falciparum malaria: treatment with Sandostatin. 832 38

Quality health management requires timely and accurate data, and paper-based reporting does not fill this role adequately. The introduction of malaria rapid diagnostic tests and the availability of wireless communications present an opportunity to open direct data transmission and feedback between peripheral health workers and central managers. In November 2009, the Uganda Ministry of Health deployed a short message service-based reporting system in two districts. At a set-up cost of $100/health facility, local technician support of $ 400 per month, and a cost of $0.53/week/clinic, the SMS reporting system was started at more than 140 clinics. Positivity rates for rapid diagnostic tests and artemisinin combination therapy stock outs were 48% and 54% in Kabale and 71% and 54% in Gulu, among other reports, at more than 85% health facilities reporting weekly and without monetary incentives or additional supervision. The SMS-based reporting systems have potential to improve timeliness in reporting of specific, time-sensitive metrics at modest cost, while by-passing current bottlenecks in the flow of data. With the development of specific capacity to manage stock data at district level, the availability of timely data offers potential to address commodity distribution problems and reduce stock-outs.
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PMID:Use of an innovative, affordable, and open-source short message service-based tool to monitor malaria in remote areas of Uganda. 2173 20

This paper presents the results of a qualitative study to investigate the perceptions and experiences of health workers involved in a a cluster-randomized controlled trial of a novel intervention to improve health worker malaria case-management in 107 government health facilities in Kenya. The intervention involved sending text-messages about paediatric outpatient malaria case-management accompanied by "motivating" quotes to health workers' mobile phones. Ten malaria messages were developed reflecting recommendations from the Kenyan national guidelines. Two messages were delivered per day for 5 working days and the process was repeated for 26 weeks (May to October 2009). The accompanying quotes were unique to each message. The intervention was delivered to 119 health workers and there were significant improvements in correct artemether-lumefantrine (AL) management both immediately after the intervention (November 2009) and 6 months later (May 2010). In-depth interviews with 24 health workers were undertaken to investigate the possible drivers of this change. The results suggest high acceptance of all components of the intervention, with the active delivery of information in an on the job setting, the ready availability of new and stored text messages and the perception of being kept 'up to date' as important factors influencing practice. Applying the construct of stages of change we infer that in this intervention the SMS messages were operating primarily at the action and maintenance stages of behaviour change achieving their effect by creating an enabling environment and providing a prompt to action for the implementation of case management practices that had already been accepted as the clinical norm by the health workers. Future trials testing the effectiveness of SMS reminders in creating an enabling environment for the establishment of new norms in clinical practice as well as in providing a prompt to action for the implementation of the new case-management guidelines are justified.
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PMID:"Even if you know everything you can forget": health worker perceptions of mobile phone text-messaging to improve malaria case-management in Kenya. 2271 11

Access to basic healthcare in many parts of Papua New Guinea (PNG) remains a challenge partly because the majority of the population is thinly scattered across a geographically rugged country. The major health problems in PNG pertain to malaria, tuberculosis and diarrheal diseases while HIV has reached epidemic levels. The proliferation of the mobile phone technology in PNG has been unprecedented since the introduction of competition in the sector in July 2007. Users in rural areas now access the mobile phone signal making it their preferred form of modern communications medium. This paper introduces an SMS-based HIV/AIDS education, awareness and information dissemination model for a predominantly rural-based PNG society.
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PMID:An SMS-based HIV/AIDS education and awareness model for rural areas in Papua New Guinea. 2313 91

Adherence to long-term therapy in outpatient setting is required to reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases such as HIV/AIDS, Diabetes, Tuberculosis and Malaria. This paper presents a mobile technology-based medical alert system for outpatient adherence in Nigeria. The system makes use of the SMS and voice features of mobile phones. The system has the potential of improving adherence to medication in outpatient setting by reminding patients of dosing schedules and attendance to scheduled appointments through SMS and voice calls. It will also inform patients of benefits and risks associated with adherence. Interventions aimed at improving adherence would provide significant positive return on investment through primary prevention (of risk factors) and secondary prevention of adverse health outcomes.
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PMID:mHealth: Using Mobile Technology to Support Healthcare. 2467 84