Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024530 (malaria)
 44,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A hut-scale trial of pyraclofos 50% EC applied as an indoor residual spray at 1 gm/sq m was carried out against malaria vectors. Anopheles fluviatilis and An. culicifacies in Kandhaguda village of Malkangiri district, Orissa. Bandhaguda village was kept as control. Pyraclofos was effective in reducing the vector density by 80-96% after 24 h of spray, but the density increased within three weeks. Parity rates were reduced only for three weeks as measured by diurnal indoor resting collection. Contact bioassays on mud wall showed pyraclofos has a residual life of only three weeks. No adverse effect was noticed among villagers or spraymen. Cockroaches were found to be very sensitive to this compound.
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PMID:Hut-scale trial of pyraclofos against malaria vectors in Malkangiri District of Orissa. 869 Jan 28

One hundred and eight children with acute, symptomatic, uncomplicated, falciparum malaria were randomized to receive chloroquine (for 3 days) plus chlorpheniramine alone (for seven days) (CQ-CP group; N = 55) or, in a sequential treatment, chloroquine plus chlorpheniramine for 3 days followed, on the fourth day, by a single oral dose of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (25 mg sulfadoxine/kg) (CQ-CP-SP group; N = 53). The mean (S.D.) parasite-clearance time in the CQ-CP group [2.1 (0.7) days; range = 1-5 days] was similar to that in the CQ-CP-SP [2.1 (0.8) days; range = 1-5 days]. The fever-clearance times were also similar: 1.2 (0.1) days (range = 1-3 days) v. 1.1 (0.4) days (range = 1-3 days). The cure rates on days 14, 21 and 28 were 98.2%, 96.3% and 92.7%, respectively in the CQ-CP group, and 100%, 100% and 96.2%, respectively, in the CQ-CP-SP group. The rates of gametocyte carriage were low and similar (5.4% in the CQ-CP group and 3.8% in the CQ-CP-SP group) throughout the duration of the study. Both treatment regimens were relatively well tolerated, the main adverse reactions being similar: sleepiness (on day 1) and pruritus (on days 1-3). No adverse effect was attributable to SP. The results indicate that sequential treatment, for 3 days with CQ and CP, followed by a single dose of SP, is effective and well tolerated in children with acute, uncomplicated, falciparum malaria and may be an alternative treatment for CQ- and/or SP-resistant falciparum malaria. Treatment with a CQ-CP combination (CQ and CP for 3 days and then CP alone for another 4 days) is also effective but requires continuing administration after the signs and symptoms of acute malaria have disappeared.
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PMID:Comparative efficacy of chloroquine plus chlorpheniramine alone and in a sequential combination with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, for the treatment of acute, uncomplicated, falciparum malaria in children. 1088 64