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Query: UMLS:C0024530 (malaria)
 44,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In an open clinical trial, thirty patients 14 to 44 years old and with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria were given halofantrine hydrochloride 500 mg (2 tablets) 6-hourly for 3 doses, a total dose of 1500 mg. All 30 patients were cured, with a mean asexual parasite clearance time of 47.6 hours and mean fever clearance time of 36.6 hours. Post-dosing side-effects occurred in 6 patients consisting of mild to moderate headache, dizziness and abdominal muscle spasm. Drug-induced hemolysis did not occur in two G6PD deficient patients. Twenty-three out of 28 isolates tested (82%) were resistant to amodiaquine, 3 (11%) were resistant to the sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine combination, and all were sensitive to chloroquine, quinine and mefloquine by in vitro microtests. The study confirms the efficacy of halofantrine hydrochloride as a blood schizonticide in falciparum malaria.
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PMID:Halofantrine in the treatment of acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria in the Philippines. 181 90

Hundred confirmed cases of malaria were included in the present study to determine the clinical and prognostic implications of hypocalcemia and corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation in malaria. Peripheral blood smear examination was done to determine the parasite species and the parasite load. Serum calcium level and QTc measurements in electrocardiogram were done for each patient. Fifty patients were of P. falciparum malaria (38 complicated and 12 uncomplicated), 40 of vivax malaria and 10 patients were having mixed (P. falciparum and P. vivax) infection. Hypocalcemia was found in 26 cases in which QTc was prolonged. Ten patients who had convulsions, all of them were having QTc prolongation and eight had hypocalcemia. A total number of eight patients had muscle spasm, of which six had QTc prolongation and four had hypocalcemia. There were 34 cases of cerebral malaria, of which 18 had hypocalcemia as well as QTc prolongation, 12 of them developed renal failure and 14 had high parasitaemia. Four patients died who had hypocalcemia and QTc prolongation due to hepatorenal syndrome. The mean parasite load, QTc interval and serum calcium were 2.69 +/- 1.0, 0.468 +/- 0.055 sec and 8.16 +/- 0.86 mg/dl respectively in complicated falciparum malaria; 1.6 +/- 0.55, 0.442 +/- 0.043 sec and 8.72 +/- 0.97 mg/dl in complicated mixed (Pf + Pv) infection. 1.33 +/- 0.52, 0.435 +/- 0.035 sec and 9.77 +/- 1.34 mg/dl in uncomplicated falciparum malaria and 1.35 +/- 0.58, 0.403 +/- 0.019 sec and 9.68 +/- 0.99 mg/dl in vivax malaria. The difference was significant between complicated falciparum and mixed (Pf + Pv) infection when compared to uncomplicated falciparum and vivax malaria (p < 0.05).
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PMID:Prognostic implication of hypocalcemia and QTc interval in malaria. 1182 87

Members of the Prosopis genus are native to America, Africa and Asia, and have long been used in traditional medicine. The Prosopis species most commonly used for medicinal purposes are P. africana, P. alba, P. cineraria, P. farcta, P. glandulosa, P. juliflora, P. nigra, P. ruscifolia and P. spicigera, which are highly effective in asthma, birth/postpartum pains, callouses, conjunctivitis, diabetes, diarrhea, expectorant, fever, flu, lactation, liver infection, malaria, otitis, pains, pediculosis, rheumatism, scabies, skin inflammations, spasm, stomach ache, bladder and pancreas stone removal. Flour, syrup, and beverages from Prosopis pods have also been potentially used for foods and food supplement formulation in many regions of the world. In addition, various in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed interesting antiplasmodial, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic and wound healing effects. The phytochemical composition of Prosopis plants, namely their content of C-glycosyl flavones (such as schaftoside, isoschaftoside, vicenin II, vitexin and isovitexin) has been increasingly correlated with the observed biological effects. Thus, given the literature reports, Prosopis plants have positive impact on the human diet and general health. In this sense, the present review provides an in-depth overview of the literature data regarding Prosopis plants' chemical composition, pharmacological and food applications, covering from pre-clinical data to upcoming clinical studies.
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PMID:Prosopis Plant Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Attributes: Targeting Clinical Studies from Preclinical Evidence. 3177 78