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Query: UMLS:C0024530 (malaria)
 44,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recently transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI) have been decreased remarkably. Especially nonA, nonB posttransfusion hepatitis (PTH) has reduced to one third by introducing anti-HCV (C100-3) antibody screening. HCV-PTH will be lowered more with screening by the 2nd generation reagent of HCV. None of cases with HIV infection by transfusion has been reported since introduction of anti-HIV antibody screening, but we have to watch out it, due to rapid increase of heterosexual infection of HIV during this one year in Japan. Voluntary blood donors should warrant blood safety by their own responsibility. We have no cases with malaria by transfusion for these several years. There are no reported cases with Chagas' disease in Japan, but increase of international immigrations will be potential to introduce these infections by transfusion into Japan. Recently TTI by bacteria-contaminated blood have been very rare owing to technical improvement of blood-drawing. However, platelet concentrates stored at 22 degrees C for 3-5 days and red cell products stored at 4 degrees C for 35-42 days have presented new problems concerning bacterial contamination. We have to consider these problems concerning bacterial contamination.
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PMID:[Current status of transfusion-transmitted infection]. 851 Mar 26

Transfusion transmitted disease (TTD) is a major challenge to the transfusion services all over the world. The problem of TTD is directly proportionate to the prevalence of the infection in the blood donor community. In India, hepatitis B/C, HIV, malaria, syphilis, cytomegalo virus, parvo-virus B-19 and bacterial infections are important causes of concern. Hepatitis B and C infections are prevalent in India and carrier rate is about 1-5% and 1%, respectively. Post transfusion hepatitis B/C is a major problem in India (about 10%) because of low viraemia and mutant strain undetectable by routine ELISA. HIV prevalence among blood donors is different in various parts of the country. It may not be so alarming as projected by some agencies. In one study from north India, confirmed HIV positivity was found in 0.2/1000 blood donor. Post transfusion CMV is difficult to prevent but use of leukocyte filters may help to reduce it significantly. Parvo virus B-19 infection in blood donors is 39.9% which may increase morbidity in multitransfused or immunocompromised patients. Current symphilis tests may not be sensitive but it should be continued to exclude high-risk donors. Malaria is a real problem for India due to the lack of a simple and sensitive screening test. Incidence of bacterial contamination is greatly reduced due to improved collection/preservation techniques and use of antibiotics in patients. However, proper vigilance and quality control is needed to prevent this problem. Total dependence of altruistic repeat voluntary donors and use of sensitive laboratory tests may help Indian blood transfusion services to reduce incidences of TTDs.
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PMID:Transfusion transmitted diseases. 1175 32