Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024530 (malaria)
 44,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Alfa-Galactosyl Ceramide was isolated from Ocean sponge which has antitumor effect against several tumors in in vivo animal model with no cytotoxicity. KRN7000(KRN) is the most potent alpha-Galactosyl Ceramide modified from the one isolated from Ocean sponge. KRN is also active against metastatic tumors through the activation ofanimal immune system. Research efforts in learning the mechanism of action, we found the important role of dendritic cells(DC) and NKT cells. NKT cells was first characterized in 1988 which is overlap some part with NK cells and T-Cells and majority is different from NK and T. KRN is active through the activation of DC and NKT in giving antigen specific immune stimulation in animal. This antigen specific stimulation is memorized by immune system and can reject second tumor challenge. KRN is not active in nude mice and NKT deficient animal. NKT cells level in blood is lower in patients with autoimmune disease, cancer, HIV positive or aplastic anemia. NKT rapidly releases IL-4 and IFN-gamma at high level when activated. NKT is CD1d and TCR restricted. NKT plays important role in autoimmune disease such as Type 1 Diabetes, Scleroderma and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, infections such as Mycobacteria, Listeria and Malaria, GVHD control and tumor rejection. NKT acts as double edge sword, aggressive and suppressive ways. KRN can prevent the onset of Type 1 Diabetes, inhibit replication of hepatitis virus B in liver and suppress malaria replication in activating NKT cells. KRN can activate NKT through DC and activated NKT activates NK, T and macrophage. KRN also expands NKT cells and expanded NKT has full function. Although the exact role of DC and NKT is not clear, KRN clinical study results in conjunction with DC and NKT cell activation are expected.
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PMID:Role of NKT cells and alpha-galactosyl ceramide. 1243 Aug 64

The ethnomedicinal uses of the aqueous leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata Nees (AP) include treatment of pain and inflammation, malaria, asthma and common cold. We designed this study to characterize some effects of AP and those of its andrographolide constituent. Guinea pig tracheal rings suspended in organ baths containing PSS were precontracted with histamine or carbachol and then exposed to cumulative concentrations of AP, andographolide or theophylline. The effect of AP was tested in Ca2+-depleted tracheal rings stimulated with the EC50 of histamine in Ca2+-free PSS. IC50 and Emax values were calculated for each relaxant. Results showed that both AP and andrographolide possessed relaxant effects on the tracheal smooth muscle. While AP was more effective on histamine-induced contraction, andrographolide and theophylline were more effective on carbachol-induced contraction. The IC50 values of andrographolide were significantly higher than those of theophylline in the two contractile agents. The presence of AP significantly attenuated the contractile force produced by 6.4 x 10(-3) M Ca2+ in Ca2+-depleted rings. It is concluded that andographolide contributes at least in part to the relaxant action of AP on tracheal smooth muscles. The mechanism of action is related to inhibition of Ca2+ influx into tracheal smooth muscle cells.
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PMID:Some characteristic relaxant effects of aqueous leaf extract of Andrographis paniculata and andrographolide on guinea pig tracheal rings. 2254 79

The use of biomedical SNP markers of diseases can improve effectiveness of treatment. Genotyping of patients with subsequent searching for SNPs more frequent than in norm is the only commonly accepted method for identification of SNP markers within the framework of translational research. The bioinformatics applications aimed at millions of unannotated SNPs of the "1000 Genomes" can make this search for SNP markers more focused and less expensive. We used our Web service involving Fisher's Z-score for candidate SNP markers to find a significant change in a gene's expression. Here we analyzed the change caused by SNPs in the gene's promoter via a change in affinity of the TATA-binding protein for this promoter. We provide examples and discuss how to use this bioinformatics application in the course of practical analysis of unannotated SNPs from the "1000 Genomes" project. Using known biomedical SNP markers, we identified 17 novel candidate SNP markers nearby: rs549858786 (rheumatoid arthritis); rs72661131 (cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis); rs562962093 (stroke); rs563558831 (cyclophosphamide bioactivation); rs55878706 (malaria resistance, leukopenia), rs572527200 (asthma, systemic sclerosis, and psoriasis), rs371045754 (hemophilia B), rs587745372 (cardiovascular events); rs372329931, rs200209906, rs367732974, and rs549591993 (all four: cancer); rs17231520 and rs569033466 (both: atherosclerosis); rs63750953, rs281864525, and rs34166473 (all three: malaria resistance, thalassemia).
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PMID:How to Use SNP_TATA_Comparator to Find a Significant Change in Gene Expression Caused by the Regulatory SNP of This Gene's Promoter via a Change in Affinity of the TATA-Binding Protein for This Promoter. 2651 24