Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024530 (malaria)
 44,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We describe the first recorded case from Africa of malarial lung, acute pulmonary insufficiency in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. The patient was successfully treated with intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). There was heavy parasitemia, preceding cerebral complications and rapid onset of pulmonary edema in the absence of fluid overload or cardiac failure. A further complication of polyuria from tubular dysfunction developed whilst the patient was being ventilated. IPPV may have an important place in the management of this rare and usually fatal complication of falciparum malaria.
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PMID:Malarial lung: report of a case from Africa successfully treated with intermittent positive pressure ventilation. 32 Aug 93

The risks of morbidity and mortality associated with transfusion are so great that no transfusion should be given until it is decided that it is absolutely necessary and then only with the utmost care. The unfavorable effects of transfusion reviewed are: hemolytic reaction; bacterial contamination; febrile reaction due to leukoagglutinins; urticaria; anaphylaxis; problems associated with the transfusion of excess potassium, ammonia, and acid; transmission of hepatitis, cytomegalic inclusion disease, toxoplasmosis, and malaria; pulmonary insufficiency; air embolism; and circulatory overload.
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PMID:Adverse effects of transfusions. 126 10

We describe a case of fatal falciparum malaria, with severe pulmonary insufficiency in the absence of fluid overload or cardiac failure. At autopsy the most striking change was a marked pulmonary interstitial edema. The endothelial cell was the most altered structure, showing marked cytoplasmic swelling which narrowed the capillary lumen. Monocytes were also found occupying the capillary lumen. The edematous interstitium also showed macrophages with endocytes and malarial pigment. There was no disseminated intravascular coagulation or other terminal complications. The patient's respiratory insufficiency seems not to have derived from the complications usually associated with the fatal malaria but from malaria-induced alveolar septal changes.
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PMID:Ultrastructure of the lung in falciparum malaria. 388 10

Nine cases of severe complicated falciparum malaria treated by exchange transfusion were studied. Eight patients survived and one patient died. Multisystemic complications were found in all cases. The CNS complications, acute renal failure, pulmonary insufficiency, jaundice, bleeding, sepsis, and DIC were found in 9, 7, 5, 7, 2, 4 and 1 cases, respectively. The fatal case presented with severe multisystemic complications together with 40% parasitemia. In eight survivors, whose parasitemia ranged from 0.3%, to 90%, had milder degrees of systemic complications. With the use of blood exchange 10-15 units, the parasitemia was decreased to less than 5% within 24 hours in all expect one who had parasitemia 90%. In comparison with the other 10 matched non-exchanged patients, there was no significant difference in survival rate between these two group (89% vs 80%). However, in the patients with ARDS the survival rate in the group who received the exchange transfusion therapy was superior (75% vs 0%). The exchange transfusion therapy is therefore strongly recommended in the treatment of malarial patients who present with parasitemia > 30% and severe systemic complications, particularly those who have severe acute renal failure or have lung complications. The amount of blood used for exchange transfusion should at least 1.2 times the blood volume for rapid removal of parasites and toxic metabolites from the circulation.
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PMID:Exchange transfusion therapy in severe complicated malaria. 788 48

Malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory disease causing alveolar-pulmonary barrier lesion and increased vascular permeability characterized by severe hypoxemia. Computed tomography (CT), among other imaging techniques, allows the morphological and quantitative identification of lung lesions during ARDS. This study aims to identify the onset of malaria-associated ARDS development in an experimental model by imaging diagnosis. Our results demonstrated that ARDS-developing mice presented decreased gaseous exchange and pulmonary insufficiency, as shown by the SPECT/CT technique. The pulmonary aeration disturbance in ARDS-developing mice on the 5th day post infection was characterized by aerated tissues decrease and nonaerated tissue accumulation, demonstrating increased vascular permeability and pleural effusion. The SPECT/CT technique allowed the early diagnosis in the experimental model, as well as the identification of the pulmonary aeration. Notwithstanding, despite the fact that this study contributes to better understand lung lesions during malaria-associated ARDS, further imaging studies are needed.
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PMID:Lung aeration in experimental malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome by SPECT/CT analysis. 3247 82