Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024530 (malaria)
 44,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The hepatic manifestations were studied in 65 patients having uncomplicated primary attacks of vivax and falciparum malaria. Hepatomegaly due to a "non-specific reactive hepatitis" occurred in 57% of cases. Jaundice occurred in 15% of patients and was invariably associated with hepatomegaly. The clinical syndromes of jaundice and hepatomegaly in uncomplicated primary attacks of malaria have to be distinguished from those related to disorders like viral hepatitis, hepatic amoebiasis, typhoid hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis and Q fever. The causes for the jaundice and the pathogenesis for the hepatic lesions have been discussed.
 ...
PMID:Jaundice and hepatomegaly in primary malaria. 79 14

Anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) purified from patients with autoimmune disease have recently been shown to interact with a phospholipid-binding plasma protein, beta 2-glycoprotein I (beta 2-GPI). The aim of this study was to determine whether aCL purified from patients with infection also interact with beta 2-GPI. aCL purified from 23 patients with malaria, infectious mononucleosis, tuberculosis, hepatitis A or syphilis did not require the presence of beta 2-GPI to bind cardiolipin (CL). In contrast, aCL were purified from 11 out of 12 patients with autoimmune disease that bound CL only in the presence of beta 2-GPI. Thrombotic complications appear to be associated with aCL occurring in autoimmune disease but not with aCL associated with infections. We postulate that this increased risk of thrombosis in the autoimmune group may be due to the presence of aCL that bind CL in association with beta 2-GPI, a plasma protein with anticoagulant activity.
 ...
PMID:A phospholipid-beta 2-glycoprotein I complex is an antigen for anticardiolipin antibodies occurring in autoimmune disease but not with infection. 130 67

That a normal spleen can rupture spontaneously has long been a point of debate. A definitive case is reported here in an attempt to resolve the issue in its favour. Spleen involved in tropical diseases like malaria, infectious mononucleosis and typhoid fever is prone to rupture spontaneously as well as in cases follow minor trauma. In contrast, normal spleen ruptures almost always following severe trauma, such as road accidents or fall from significant heights. Though cases of spontaneous rupture of normal spleens have appeared off and on in the past, doubt has always surrounded the very existence of such an entity. We are reporting a definitive case of spontaneous rupture of normal spleen. This is only the second case of its kind since 1958 and the first ever from the Indian subcontinent.
 ...
PMID:Spontaneous rupture of normal spleen: an enigma recalled. 141 60

We report a case of spontaneous splenic rupture in a patient with metastatic melanoma. Spontaneous splenic rupture without previous trauma has been observed in various pathological conditions such as infectious mononucleosis, malaria, typhoid fever and, rarely, neoplasms affecting the spleen. There have been several reported cases of splenic rupture in leukemias. Despite the high incidence of splenic metastases in metastatic melanoma, there have been only 3 cases of spontaneous splenic rupture reported in the past.
 ...
PMID:Spontaneous rupture of spleen in a patient with splenic metastasis of melanoma. A case report. 160 60

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and Plasmodium falciparum malaria are two known cofactors in the aetiology of endemic Burkitt's lymphoma. To assess the relation between these factors, limiting dilution analysis was used to assess the number of EBV-carrying B cells in the circulation of Gambian children during and after acute malaria. Numbers of virus-carrying cells were five times higher in acute malaria patients and in UK patients with infectious mononucleosis than in convalescent malaria patients and in healthy control adults from the UK. Spontaneous outgrowth in limiting dilution cultures from acute malaria samples was inhibited by acyclovir, a viral DNA polymerase inhibitor. The mechanism of outgrowth, therefore, was virus release from the in-vivo infected cell, which led to infection and immortalisation of co-cultured normal B cells. The findings provide evidence that acute malaria is associated with an increase in the number of EBV-carrying B cells in the circulation. Because of this increase, there is a greater chance of a cytogenetic abnormality occurring in such a cell, with consequent evolution of Burkitt's lymphoma.
 ...
PMID:Circulating Epstein-Barr virus-carrying B cells in acute malaria. 167 68

Eighteen tissue samples from lymphoproliferative lesions and lymphomas in immunodeficiency states were investigated for their content of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome by dot blotting and for the distribution of EBV in tissue sections by in situ hybridization. Fourteen lymphomas from AIDS patients and four children with disorders of the immune system were available. For control reasons, six cases of infectious mononucleosis (IM) and eight Burkitt's lymphomas (BL) from malaria-free regions of Africa were included in the study. Two different patterns of EBV distribution are described: 1) heterogeneous scattered EBV-positive cells, as originally seen in IM and therefore called the IM-type pattern, 2) and a BL-type pattern seen in endemic Burkitt's lymphoma with homogeneous EBV-positive cells all over the tumor. In lymphomas in patients with inborn immunodeficiencies, an IM-type pattern was found. In lymphomas from AIDS patients, the two different patterns were found. There were lymphomas with the IM-type pattern as well as some with the BL-type pattern. In some AIDS-associated lymphomas, both patterns occurred in one tumor. The findings suggest that it is not the disease process that is the distinguishing feature between the two patterns of EBV infection but rather the patient's underlying disease and the extent of this disease.
 ...
PMID:Different Epstein-Barr virus expression in lymphomas from immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. 169 92

Alterations of the gallbladder wall is a well known sonographic sign of acute cholecystitis. But thickening of the gallbladder wall is also found in patients without intrinsic gallbladder disease. We present our experience on this regard in patients with cirrhosis, acute viral hepatitis, infectious mononucleosis, halothane hepatitis, fulminant hepatic failure, malaria due to plasmodium falciparum, heart failure, severe malnutrition due to gastric obstruction, septicemia, pyogenic hepatic abscess, amoebic hepatic abscess and in a 14 years old patient with fracture of the skull-acute anemia-shock. Most of these diseases affected the liver directly or indirectly. Knowledge of these alterations of the gallbladder wall in these circumstances are important in order to avoid a the erroneous diagnosis of acute cholecystitis.
 ...
PMID:[Ultrasonographic changes in the gallbladder wall in non-gallbladder diseases]. 253 57

A demographic and serological survey of Epstein-Barr virus infection was carried out in 5 geographically representative regions of Ethiopia. 80% of the 500 people studied were under 15 years of age. 82% of children under 5 years of age and 94% under 10 years of age were positive for IgG anti-viral capsid antigen (VCA) antibody. 51 of 100 children under 12 months of age and from 5 different provinces were positive for anti-VCA antibody. Of these, 23 were under 6 months. The distribution of anti-VCA antibody positivity was comparable in both sexes, in each age group and in the different provinces at different altitudes. Economic status, expressed in terms of estimated income, type of water supply, mode of excreta disposal and family size, did not significantly influence the distribution of anti-VCA antibody. Thus, early exposure to Epstein-Barr virus, with asymptomatic or subclinical presentation, probably accounts for the rarity of typical infectious mononucleosis in young adult Ethiopians. The lack of a relationship between Epstein-Barr virus infection and Burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, malaria as well as liver diseases is briefly discussed.
 ...
PMID:Serological and demographic survey of Epstein-Barr virus infection in Ethiopia. 283 81

Plasmodium brasilianum causes chronic quartan malaria in the common marmoset Callithrix jacchus, whereas Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is followed by an infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome that resolves. We infected weanling marmosets with one or both of these pathogens. Timing of the infections influenced outcome. Six animals were simultaneously infected with both agents; four became seriously ill (with accompanying proteinuria and edema) and either died or were killed. Histopathology indicated that glomerulonephritis had developed. The two survivors had more-prolonged parasitemia than did animals infected with P. brasilianum alone, as did animals infected with EBV before P. brasilianum. Five of the six simultaneously infected animals had absent or low titers of antibody to Epstein-Barr viral capsid antigens when compared with the other EBV-infected animals. Our results suggest that combined infection may be part of the etiology of quartan malarial nephropathy.
 ...
PMID:Glomerulonephritis in common marmosets infected with Plasmodium brasilianum and Epstein-Barr virus. 284 17

The ubiquitous, DNA herpesvirus, EBV, has B cell tropism and the geographically restricted RNA retrovirus, ATLV/HTLV-I has T cell tropism. Clinical descriptions by Burkitt and Takatsuki led to discovery of these viruses which infect silently early in life; however, ATLV is also transmitted to a spouse or by blood transfusion. In normal seropositive persons both viruses infect only 1 in about 10,000 B or T cells, respectively. EBV is associated with Burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and infectious mononucleosis. ATLV is associated with adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma and smoldering T cell lymphoma. EBV infects polyclonally and is controlled by multiple cellular and humoral control mechanisms. Escape from immune surveillance as in immune deficient African children with malaria, males with x-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome, organ transplant recipients, and AIDS patients permits conversion from polyclonal to oligoclonal and finally, monoclonal malignancy. T cell immune defects permit proliferation of cells which undergo molecular and/or cytogenetic alterations. In contrast to EBV, which is integrated and nonintegrated in B cells, ATLV is monoclonally integrated. Viral transforming proteins and immune suppressive substances are produced. Immune deficiency in silent carriers of ATLV and in those with smoldering ATL suggest that immune surveillance deters emergence of ATL. Prevention of primary infection by vaccination against these lymphotropic viruses, and use of immunotherapy and antiviral drugs may potentially retard conversion of infected B or T cells to monoclonal malignancy.
 ...
PMID:Lymphotropic viruses, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV-I)/adult T-cell leukemia virus (ATLV), and HTLV-III/human immune deficiency virus (HIV) as etiological agents of malignant lymphoma and immune deficiency. 288 52


1 2 3 Next >>