Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024530 (malaria)
 44,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Nine thousand four hundred thirty three pyrexial cases were screened for the evidence of Malaria and Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency among the rural tribal population of seven primary health centres in the malarial endemic areas of Udaipur District in Southern Rajasthan. One thousand four hundred five (P. Falciparum 831 and P. Vivax 574) cases were positive for malaria and 170 for G-6PD deficiency. Incidence of G-6PD deficiency in malaria, when compared to the non-malarial cases revealed statistically insignificant alterations (X2 is calculated to 0.1299 which for 1 degree of freedom gives P > 0.05).
 ...
PMID:G-6PD deficiency in malaria endemic areas of Udaipur District in Rajasthan. 130 52

Muria gond tribals (n = 473) from district Bastar, central India, an area known to be hyperendemic for malaria, were investigated for malarial infection and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. The frequency of G-6-PD deficiency was 21.3% among male subjects and 3.7% among females. Assay of malarial antibodies showed that seropositivity as well as the level of antibodies was significantly higher in male subjects with normal enzyme levels as compared with males G-6-PD deficiency. Females with normal G-6-PD enzyme levels too had higher seropositivity as well as level of antibodies against malaria as compared with females having G-6-PD deficiency. This suggests that G-6-PD deficiency correlates with a higher degree of resistance.
 ...
PMID:Interaction of malarial infection and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Muria gonds of district Bastar, central India. 145 22

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common human enzymopathy. Because its gene locus is on the X-chromosome it is more common in males than females in all populations. Prevalence rates vary from 62% among Kurdish Jews to the very low rates (0.1% or less in Japan, for example), which are compatible with sporadic cases arising from spontaneous mutations. However, there is at least one population in which G6PD deficiency has not been found, namely the indigenous (Amerindian) population of America. Approximately 400 variants have been described. Despite the clinical burden imposed by this enzymopathy, polymorphic frequencies have been reached in many populations. There is abundant epidemiological evidence that this has happened because of a biological advantage conferred on heterozygotes in falciparum malaria endemic areas. This advantage may apply to quartan malaria as well. Clinical severity varies, from the rare chronic nonspherocytic haemolytic anaemia to progressively milder forms like the Mediterranean and A- types. The other clinical syndromes, i.e. neonatal jaundice and haemolysis caused by infections, foods, drugs and chemicals, are not always predictable. This is because only a fraction of such enzymopathic persons develop these syndromes after exposure to the relevant stimulus. Modern techniques of molecular biology may elucidate why this is so. There is some emerging evidence that the genetic burden or survival value associated with G6PD deficiency may be relevant not only in tropical and infectious diseases, but also in their chemotherapy (e.g. malaria) as well as in the control of a long-recognized environmental pollutant such as lead.
 ...
PMID:Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. 151 Nov 80

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and hemoglobin E (HbE) were studied among 708 malarial patients and control groups of Ao Nagas from the Mokokchung District of Nagaland in the extreme northeast of India. The data suggest that malaria is an important ecologic factor in maintaining the high frequency of G6PD deficiency and HbE among the Ao Nagas. Although migrations from adjoining populations that have a high frequency of both these traits could have contributed to the presence of these genes in the Ao Nagas, malaria also could be an essential determinant in maintaining the current high frequency in present-day Ao Nagas.
 ...
PMID:Prevalence of malaria in Ao Nagas and its association with G6PD and HbE. 155 89

The Thai-Cambodian border is a difficult area in which to provide adequate malaria chemoprophylaxis because of multiple drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. In 1990-1991, Thai soldiers were randomly selected to receive proguanil (200 mg/day) combined with dapsone (4 mg or 12.5 mg/day) (n = 184) or pyrimethamine/dapsone (12.5 mg and 100 mg/week) (n = 177). Doxycycline (100 mg/day) was given to men with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (n = 77). Falciparum malaria attack rates were the same whether proguanil/dapsone (10.3%) or pyrimethamine/dapsone (11.3%) was used. However, proguanil/dapsone was more effective than pyrimethamine/dapsone in preventing vivax malaria (1.6% versus 12.4%). Men receiving doxycycline had falciparum malaria (3.9%) and vivax malaria (1.3%) at low rates. Adjusting the dapsone component from 4 mg to 12.5 mg did not improve the prophylactic effectiveness. Hematologic toxicity was not observed with the proguanil/dapsone combination. We conclude that proguanil/dapsone is not a useful alternative for malaria chemoprophylaxis on the Thai-Cambodian border.
 ...
PMID:Malaria chemoprophylaxis using proguanil/dapsone combinations on the Thai-Cambodian border. 162 88

The "eradication of malaria" in Taiwan was announced by WHO in 1965. From 1966 to 1989, 919 malaria cases were detected in Taiwan. Of these cases, 803 were classified as imported malaria. During 1977 to 1989, our hospital collected 11 cases of imported malaria, 6 of Plasmodium falciparum (PF), including 1 suspicious case, 2 of Plasmodium vivax (PV), 1 of mixed infection (PF plus PV), and 2 unclassified. Most of the patients presented clinically with fever and chills. Hepatosplenomegaly was the most common abnormal finding during the physical examination. Jaundice and anemia occurred in the more severe cases. No cases had lymphadenopathy which is helpful in making a differential diagnosis. Six cases had thrombocytopenia which may be considered as an indirect sign in the diagnosis. The MCV levels were within normal limits in all of the cases. This may indirectly imply a potential protective effect against malaria infection in cases of congenital hemoglobinopathy such as thalassemia or G6PD deficiency. Initially, 10 cases were given "standard treatment", which consisted of chloroquine 450 mg qd for 2 days then 300 mg qd for 2 days and primaquine 15 mg qd for 2 weeks. Four cases of chloroquine resistance were encountered, all in cases with PF infection. Two cases were grade I delayed type resistance and were successfully treated with Fansidar, tetracycline and quinine. Two cases were grade II resistance and presented clinically as cerebral malaria. Intravenous quinine was given plus Fansidar and tetracycline. The cases were resolved without sequele or recurrence. None of the cases, except for 2, received chemoprophylaxis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Imported case of malaria in Taiwan: analysis of 11 cases]. 167 9

Blood samples from 381 healthy individuals and 236 malaria patients residing in North Madras were studied for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. The incidence of this deficiency in this area was found to be 10.05%. Partially deficient healthy females showed a protective trend against malarial infection with the Chi-squared test approaching statistical significance.
 ...
PMID:Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and malaria--a study on north Madras population. 181 62

Favism, a hemolytic condition associated with fava bean consumption among the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient persons, is well described in the Middle East and Mediterranean areas. However, it is not well documented among the Thais or other Southeast Asians. It is possible that it does exist but that hemolysis which develops is of very minor degree and thus escapes clinical detection. This cross-sectional study hypothesizes that if the fava bean and G6PD deficiency interact in the Thai population, they should cause a significant difference in hematocrit level. The study was carried out in a community hospital in a malaria endemic area. We found that there was a trivial difference of the hematocrit (approximately 1%) which was too small to warrant any clinical significance after controlling for the extraneous effects of age, sex, use of malaria chemoprophylaxis, falciparum infection, use of analgesics/antipyretics and admission status of the patients (p = 0.668). This may be due to the presence of different G6PD mutants to those found elsewhere or due to different consumption patterns of fava beans among the Thais compared to people in other areas with high prevalence of G6PD deficiency.
 ...
PMID:G6PD deficiency and fava bean consumption do not produce hemolysis in Thailand. 194 76

Previous studies in Madang have demarcated 2 groups of women, one with high spleen rates (HS group) and the other with low spleen rates (LS group). An association between glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and low spleen rates was investigated in 196 HS and 106 LS group men. Prevalence was 12.2 and 9.4%, respectively. Parasite and spleen rates were lower in deficients in the HS group. Differences in prevalence between HS group villages were observed which may be related to the interaction of G6PD deficiency with other haemoglobinopathies such as ovalocytosis. An effect on malaria endemicity at the village level may only occur when G6PD deficiency is a predominant trait.
 ...
PMID:Malaria and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in populations with high and low spleen rates in Madang, Papua New Guinea. 217 19

Clinical details and present day problems encountered in 425 cases of falciparum malaria (PF) are reported. 10.11% had taken chloroquine prior to reporting to us. Parasitic count done in 23.05% cases lacked correlation with severity of disease. Pattern of fever varied markedly but 5.4% were afebrile throughout and presented only with bodyache and malaise. Apyrexial spell was noted in 5.64%. 28.70% had typical facial looks of anaemia and sallow complexion. Cerebral symptoms were noted in 3.05%. Other symptoms were severe headache 33.4%, pain abdomen 3.29%, gastroenteritis 5.64%, jaundice 2.58% and bronchitis in 7.50%. We encountered subconjunctival haemorrhages with purpura and/or urticaria in four cases, symptoms suggestive of shock lung in 3, pulmonary oedema in 2, severe anaemia (HB less than 4 g%) in seven pregnant ladies, extrapyramidal symptoms in follow up period in 5 and congenital malaria in 2 cases. 83.25% were cured with chloroquine and oxytetracycline. 8.47% (who deteriorated despite the above treatment) were treated with quinine for 6 days. 5.17% (with severe disease) were also given quinine as first line drug. 2.82% (unresponsive to chloroquine and oxytetracycline but with mild disease) were treated with pyrimethamine-sulphamezathine combination for 5 days. One case who did not respond to quinine was treated with quinidine. Recrudescence was seen in 3.67% of patients treated with chloroquine and oxytetracycline. There was no case with renal failure, haemolysis due to G6PD deficiency and black water fever. There was only one death (0.23%) in our series. Self-medication, haphazard therapy and the slogan "Fever may be malaria-take chloroquine" can lead to problems in falciparum malaria.
 ...
PMID:Falciparum malaria--present day problems. An experience with 425 cases. 269 36


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>