Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024530 (malaria)
 44,886 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The dispersion of anopheline mosquitoes from their breeding places and its impact on malaria epidemiology has been investigated in Dakar, Senegal, where malaria is hypoendemic and almost exclusively transmitted by Anopheles arabiensis. Pyrethrum spray collections were carried out along a 910-meter area starting from a district bordering on a permanent marsh and continuing into the center of the city. According to the distance from the marsh, vector density (the number of An. arabiensis per 100 rooms) at 0-160, 160-285, 285-410, 410-535, 535-660, 660-785, and 785-910 meters was 84, 40, 5, 2, 2, 0.4, and 0, respectively, during the dry season, and 414, 229, 110, 84, 99, 69, and 21, respectively, during the rainy season. The proportion of 8-11-year-old children with negative immunofluorescent antibody test results for Plasmodium falciparum was 17%, 28%, 44%, 54%, 50%, 63%, and 73%, respectively, in these different sections. Malaria prevalence in the community was maximum in the area bordering on the marsh where it ranged from 1% to 15% (average 6%) according to age and season of the year. These findings show the epidemiologic importance of vector density gradients in Dakar. The implications for malaria control in urban areas are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Vector density gradients and the epidemiology of urban malaria in Dakar, Senegal. 135 14

Halofantrine has been given to 14 children and 15 adults suffering from an acute attack of P. falciparum malaria and living in Dakar (Senegal) to a total dose of 24 mg/kg/body weight for the first group and 1,500 mg for the second in 3 times at 6-hourly intervals. This treatment has allowed the fever to clear in all cases within 36.3 +/- 19.9 hours and headache to disappear at D3 in 93.1% of cases. A reduction by 93.6% of the average parasite density which amounted before treatment to 27,710 trophozoites/mm3 of blood has been recorded from the day following the beginning of treatment and the parasite clearance obtained in all the patients of whom had chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum strains in mean time of 58.0 +/- 14.7 hours. In 3 cases (10.7%) a recrudescence of parasitemia has been noticed in D14. Only 1 of them was treated again with halofantrine which proved efficient from D2. The only adverse reactions have been nausea, vomiting, a slight diarrhoea and dizziness which affected only 13.8% of the patients. No abnormality has been noticed at a biological level. These results confirm the efficacy and good tolerance of halofantrine and allow to list it among the resource drugs used for the treatment of chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum malaria in our area.
 ...
PMID:[Trial of halofantrine in the treatment of malaria attacks by Plasmodium falciparum in Dakar (Senegal)]. 176 59

The current clinical and therapeutic aspects of cerebral malaria in non-immune adult subjects living in endemic areas of Africa were evaluated in 10 men (mean age: 40 + or - 11, 4 years). On admission, 8 patients had fever, 3 were truly comatose with a Glasgow score of 7 or more. All had negative central venous pressure and only one was in a state of hyperkinetic shock. Respiratory symptoms were present in 8 cases, and jaundice was observed in 8 cases. Three patients has a haemoglobin level lower than 8 g/100 ml, and 8 had thrombocytopenia. Blood creatinine levels above 240 umol/l and blood bilirubin levels above 50 umol/l were found in 6 and 8 patients respectively. Plasma creatine phosphokinase was above 500 iu/l in 7 cases, and PaO2 was above 70 mmHg in 7 cases. All patients received quinine, combined with doxycycline in 6 cases. Infectious complications occurred in 5 patients, with 2 septic shocks. Two patients developed acute pulmonary oedema. Five patients died. This study shows that cerebral malaria in non-immune subjects living in endemic areas produces multivisceral deficiency similar to that observed in imported malaria. Its prognosis can be improved by loading doses of quinine and by a better prevention of nosocomial infections.
Dakar Med 1991
PMID:[Current aspects on cerebral malaria in the non-immune patient in African endemic areas]. 184 63

During the study in the anti-salt dam area in Bignona, we noted that malaria was mesoendemic (IP = 45.2%), with a high transmission during the rainy season. Prevalence rate of schistosomiasis was low. Intestinal parasites were frequent (74.4%). It is to be feared with the putting salt out, the prevalence rate of the parasitic diseases would increase, so it is important to create an unity of follow up.
Dakar Med 1991
PMID:[Endemic parasitic epidemiology in the anti-salt dam area of Bignona (Senegal)]. 184 73

Severe and complicated malaria is a fatal from a human Plasmodium falciparum infection. In clinical practice cerebral malaria in children, with unrousable coma, hyperthermia, generalized convulsions, frequently hypoglycemia, is different of severe in non immunized adults resulting in multiple organ failure with degree of impaired consciousness less important. Specific treatment requires quinine with loading dose: 16.7 mg/kg then 8.3 mg/kg every 8 hours for 7 days. Symptomatic therapy, artificial ventilation in particular is indispensable. Recovery is usual in children although neurological sequelae are frequent. In adults evolution is often complicated with pulmonary edema, aggravation of coma, nosocomial infection, and sometimes late multiple organ failure.
Dakar Med 1991
PMID:[Severe malaria in Black Africa]. 184 75

Sequestration is a phenomenon where mature Plasmodium falciparum infected-erythrocytes block microvessels. Many cells (particularly epithelial cells) can cytoadhere to these erythrocytes and this may play an important role in the physiopathology of cerebral malaria. Many in vitro models have been proposed. They permitted different studies about cytoadherence and clinical effects. Contradictory results have been yet published. Investigations at a molecular level of cytoadherence moiety contribute to a better understanding of physiopathology and therapeutic improvements of cerebral malaria.
Dakar Med 1991
PMID:[Cytoadherence of Plasmodium falciparum and complications of malaria]. 184 80

Levels of TNF alpha, IL-6-, soluble R IL-2, and fibronectin, were evaluated in fifteen patients with cerebral malaria. Relations between cytokines levels and parasitemia were assessed. Concentration of IL-6, and soluble R IL-2, correlated with parasitic density on admission. It was appeared, that IL-6, would be a prognostic factor, as interesting as TNF alpha.
Dakar Med 1991
PMID:[Neuromalaria and cytokines]. 184 81

It exists, essentially, in two, epidemiological forms: recurrent fever (FR) carried by fleas, resulting in wide scale epidemics; recurrent fever carried by ticks (soft ticks) of the ornithodorus type which results in localized, endemo-sporadic manifestations throughout the world. The second type is the main one in these regions, but the first is not uncommon. The report covers a peculiar case of flea-borne borreliosis occurring in a pregnant woman and associated with the presence of HBS antigen and plasmodium falciparum malaria. Although the review of literature is not exhaustive, the affliction, notably its obstetric implications, are highlighted.
Dakar Med 1990
PMID:[Borreliosis and pregnancy. (Review of the literature apropos of 1 case)]. 213 Nov 86

Malaria is an important public health problem in developing countries. The production of a good vaccine needs a better knowledge of different mechanisms which control the immune system. Results from donors show a higher frequency of antigens HLA: A2, B35, CW4, CW6, DRW52, DQW1 and DQW3. The lymphoproliferation in vitro of mononuclear cells, T cells and CD4+ and CD8+ subsets T cells with merozoite extracts is not so clear to establish a correlation between HLA phenotypes and T cells response.
Dakar Med 1990
PMID:[Research on malaria vaccine]. 213 5

In October and November 1988 we carried out in vivo Plasmodium falciparum sensitivity tests for chloroquine in the town of Dakar, where malaria is endemic with increased transmission during the rainy season (July to October). 25 mg/kg/p.c of chloroquine has been administered to 35 patients on three consecutive days, according to the WHO protocol. Clinical and parasitological controls were carried out on D1, D2, D3, D4, D7 and D14. We observed two therapeutic failures: one on D7 among the 32 patients examined during that period, and one on D14 among the 24 patients who were present at control. The important drug pressure and population movements in Dakar are sources of chloroquine resistance which should receive special attention in terms of control and surveillance of this emerging problem.
 ...
PMID:[The emergence of chloroquine-resistant malaria in Dakar, Senegal]. 219 8


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>