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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The intraluminal fate of orally administered radioactive vitamin B12 has been studied in control subjects with normal vitamin B12 absorption and those with vitamin B12 malabsorption due to tropical sprue. In control subjects 1 to 21% of the dose was bound to sedimentable material and 37 to 75% was bound to immunoreactive intrinsic factor. In subjects with vitamin B12 malabsorption due to tropical sprue, the results were identical with the control subjects. Bacteriological studies showed a statistically significant correlation between both the number of flora in the jejunum and the number of bacteroides in both the jejunum and ileum and vitamin B12 malabsorption. In patients with tropical sprue who have normal intrinsic factor secretion, the vitamin B12 absorptive defect is not due to binding of the vitamin to bacteria or to alteration to the intrinsic factor vitamin B12 complex in the intestinal lumen. The lesion appears to be one of the mucosal cell receptors or of the cells themselves, possibly caused by bacterial toxins.
Gut 1975 Dec
PMID:Vitamin B12 absorption--a study of intraluminal events in control subjects and patients with tropical sprue. 0 57

Probable bacterial contamination of the small bowel without an anatomical sump occurred in 5 elderly patients (age 68--94). They presented with severe general deterioration in health rather than with obvious features of malabsorption. This syndrome has not been clearly described before. Bacterial deconjugation of bile salts was indentified by the 14C-glycocholic-acid breath test. Investigations for other causes of malabsorption, including small-bowel biopsy and pancreatic scan, revealed no abnormality. After prolonged ill-health despite an adequate diet in hospital, all 5 subjects made a striking recovery after treatment with antibiotics. This condition may be quite common, particularly in malnourished elderly people.
Lancet 1977 Dec 10
PMID:Bacterial overgrowth syndrome without "blind loop": A cause for malnutrition in the elderly. 7 99

A case report is given of a 73 years old woman suffering from Whipple's disease. Intermittant polyarthralgias, diarrhea, weight loss and laboratory signs of malabsorption had been present for 6 years, when diagnosis was established by biopsy: pathognomonic PAS-positive macrophages were demonstrated in the duodenal mucosa. A complete remission of the disease could be achieved after 100 mg of doxycycline had been administered continuously for a year. Some special details of the course of Whipple's disease in the higher age group are discussed.
Leber Magen Darm 1979 Dec
PMID:[Whipple's disease in an elderly person (author's transl)]. 9 35

The ability of infants with protein-energy malnutrition to absorb iron was assessed using the serum iron response to a dose of ferrous sulfate providing 3 mg elemental iron per kg body weight. Responses were grouped as flat (delta serum Fe less than 30 microgram/dl), intermediate (30 to 100 microgram/dl), and normal (greater the 100 microgram/dl). Of 25 consecutively admitted children studied, seven had a flat, five an intermediate, and 13 a normal curve (mean delta serum Fe: 10 microgram/dl, 66 microgram/dl, and 175 microgram/dl, respectively). There were no differences among the three groups in hematocrit, fasting serum iron or transferrin saturation, severity of malnutrition, or evidence of other malabsorption sufficient to explain these differences. Although hematocrits, fasting serum iron, and transferrin saturations did not change appreciably during nutritional rehabilitation, all children with initially abnormal responses subsequently had normal tests.
J Pediatr 1978 Dec
PMID:Oral iron absorption in infantile protein-energy malnutrition. 10 53

Fourteen patients with ileal dysfunction due to resection or bypass were encountered over an 18-month period. Symptoms had been present for a mean period of 1.8 years. Diarrhoea was a universal symptom, and varied from mild to incapacitating. Weight loss, due in part to malabsorption and in part to the patients' fear of eating, occurred in 10 of 14 patients. The chief metabolic abnormalities were steatorrhoea and hypokalaemia. Vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, anaemia, hypoalbuminaemia, hypocalcaemia, hypomagnesaemia, hyperoxaluria, and an abnormal prothrombin ratio were less frequently seen. Treatment with cholestyramine and/or long-chain fat restriction effectively reduced diarrhoea in every case, and this was supplemented by replacement of specific deficiencies. There was little added benefit from non-specific antidiarrhoeal agents. It was found that the major symptoms of ileal dysfunction are readily treated, but that attention should also be given to a number of nutritional deficiencies.
Med J Aust 1978 Dec 16
PMID:Consequences of ileal dysfunction: an approach to management. 10 34

The concentration in serum of cathodal trypsinogen has been studied in certain clinical and experimental situations. The concentration correlated with pancreatic amylase activity. Low levels were found in patients with malabsorption due to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. The concentration rose after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic examinations (ERCP). After ERCP, however, no trypsin was detected complexed with protease inhibitors, as is generally found in acute pancreatitis. The trypsinogen concentration in serum also rose in renal failure indicating a renal elimination route for the endogenous trypsinogen.
Eur J Clin Invest 1978 Dec
PMID:Studies on the turnover of endogenous cathodal trypsinogen in man. 10 10

More patients with extensive resection of the small bowel--secondary to regional enteritis, mesenteric infarction, cancer, etc.--are surviving perioperative treatment. To avoid nutrition-caused malabsorption and to maintain body composition, intravenous nutrition is initiated with a silastic atrial catheter in the immediate postoperative period. The patients are trained in "home hyperalimentation" procedures designed to allow normal nutrition to be maintained during the months required for bowel adaptation to occur. Because bowel adaptation to the absorption and transport of foodstuffs is in part dependent on the intraluminal presence of foodstuffs, elemental and regular diets are ingested during the period of intravenous support which may last for years. By using combined oral and intravenous nutrition, approximately 20 per cent of patients with short bowel syndrome eventually can take sufficient oral nutrients to sustain life.
Am J Med 1979 Dec
PMID:Role of parenteral nutrition in patients with short bowel syndrome. 11 3

Alcohol and a number of drugs (e.g., neomycin, cholestyramine, antacids, laxatives, paraminosalicyclic acid, colchicine and oral hypoglycemic agents) can cause malabsorption due to drugs and alcohol is surveyed. Examined in detail are the mechanisms of malabsorption produced by neomycin and cholestyramine, and the factors responsible for malabsorption in the chronic alcoholic.
Am J Med 1979 Dec
PMID:Drugs, alcohol and malabsorption. 11 5

Intestinal immune responses are adapted to function at external mucosal surfaces. Specialized forms of antibody, secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM), provid humoral immunity but little is known of local cell mediated immune reactions. Antigens in the intestinal lumen gain preferential access via Peyer's patches in which sensitised lymphocytes proliferate before entering the lymphatic system. These lymphoblasts return to the intestinal mucosa via the bloodstream to provide predominantly IgA antibody responses. Secretory IgA antibody can neutralize viruses, bacteria and toxins, and appears to block the entry of some food antigens into the lamina propria. Disturbances of intestinal immunity may result in malabsorption. Immunodeficiency states are often associated with malabsorption due to Giardia lamblia infestation. In alpha chain disease there is a malignant expansion of plasma cells in the intestinal mucosa which secrete an abnormal heavy chain fragment of IgA. Arthus type hypersensitivity reactions to milk proteins and gluten may contribute to the mucosal injury in patients suffering from milk allergy and coeliac disease.
Am J Med 1979 Dec
PMID:An overview of intestinal immunity and malabsorption. 11 6

Before reviewing the consequences of extensive exeresis of the small intestine, the physiology of the entero-hepatic circulation of bile salts, the absorption of triglycerides and the varying sites of absorption of foodstuffs at intestinal level are discussed. It has been found that massive (i.e. at least 2/3) removal of the small intestine is incompatible with life owing to the onset of serious metabolic disturbances due to the increase in the speed of transit of foodstuffs from stomach to colon. Malabsorption of lipides causes steatorrhoea and is often associated with choleriform diarrhoea owing to the massive losses of water and electrolytes (Na, Cl, Ca, Mg). Some surgical techniques are illustrated and the local compensation mechanisms (anatomical adaptation of the intestinal mucosa, functional adaptation) designed to prolong transit time are described. Feeding must be parenteral for the first 2--3 months and oral during the alimentary adaptation phase.
Minerva Anestesiol 1979 Dec
PMID:[Problems of alimentation in massive intestinal resections]. 12 96


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