Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We investigated electron microscopically the changes of anionic sites of a charge barrier in the capillary basement membrane of the stria vascularis and endolymphatic sac following inner ear immune reactions. Hartley guinea pigs were immunized with bovine type II collagen, keyhole limpet hemocyanin, or horseradish peroxidase, with boosted and challenged antigens through the stylomastoid foramen. Animals were killed painlessly from several days up to 56 days after the antigen challenge. Polyethylenimine was used as a cationic tracer in order to observe the localization of anionic sites of the charge. In the animals immunized with bovine type II collagen or horseradish peroxidase, a significant decrease of anionic charge in the stria and the sac was found in the early stage of immunization. However, the keyhold limpet hemocyanin immunization group did not show any remarkable changes in the charge because of its lesser transfer into the inner ear due to of its high molecular weight and negative surface charge. A decrease of the charge under immunologic conditions may induce a hyperpermeability of vessels and a malabsorption of endolymph, and thus may cause endolymphatic hydrops.
 ...
PMID:Alterations of charge barrier in the inner ear following immune reactions. 141 56

Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency is a major consequence of pancreatic diseases (e. g. chronic pancreatitis and cystic fibrosis), extrapancreatic diseases like celiac disease and Crohn's disease, and gastrointestinal and pancreatic surgical resections. Recognition of this entity is highly relevant to avoid malnutrition-related morbidity and mortality. The main clinical consequence of PEI is fat maldigestion and malabsorption, resulting in steatorrhoea. Pancreatic exocrine function should be assessed by measuring levels of faecal elastase-1. Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy is the mainstay of treatment for PEI. Administration of enzymes in form of enteric-coated minimicrospheres avoids acid-mediated lipase inactivation and ensures gastric emptying of enzymes in parallel with nutrients. In adults, the initial recommended dose of pancreatic enzymes is 25.000 units of lipase per meal, titrating up to a maximum of 80000 units of lipase per meal. Large meals require 25.000 - 80.000 units of lipase per meal while snacks require 10.000 - 40.000 units of lipase per meal. Oral pancreatic enzymes should be taken with meals to ensure adequate mixing with the chyme. Adjunct therapy with acid-suppressing agents may be useful in patients who continue to experience symptoms of PEI despite high-dose enzyme therapy. Patients with PEI should be encouraged to consume small, frequent meals and to abstain from alcohol. Dietary fat restriction is not recommended for patients with PEI.
 ...
PMID:[Croatian guidelines for the management of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency]. 2293 Sep 31