Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To determine the functional capabilities of the parathyroid glands, 17 EDTA infusions were given to 11 children (ages 1 month to 12 years) and to two mothers of four of the children. Serum ionized Ca fell from 4.1 mg/dl to 3.4 mg/dl. Excessive parathyroid hormone responses were elicited during seven of nine EDTA infusions in five children and in one adult with hypophosphatemic rickets, during the active phase of rickets. In four of five subjects with problems related to hypercalcemia, borderline low or undetectable PTH responses were elicited. Three relatively normal PTH responses were obtained, two in an infant after phosphate-induced hypocalcemic tetany was corrected, and one in a child with a malabsorption syndrome. The renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate was inversely related and the urinary cyclic AMP excretion was positively related to the PTH response. Thus EDTA infusions in infants and children might be useful in the identification of hyper-, normo-, or hypoparathyroid states and would be of value in defining the functional condition of the parathyroid glands in children with deranged Ca or P metabolism.
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PMID:Parathyroid function tests with EDTA infusions in infancy and childhood. 17 44

In 20 patients with malignancies receiving abdominal radiotherapy, tests for disturbed intestinal functions were performed at the beginning and at the end of the therapy and after 6 to 12 month following radiation. Four noninvasive tests were performed: 75Se-homotaurocholate (75SeHCAT) test for estimation of bile acid malabsorption; Schillings test for quantification of vitamin B12 absorption; H2-breath analysis before and after a test meal containing lactose as a parameter of lactose malabsorption; and 51Cr-EDTA test for estimation of intestinal permeability. Both bile acid and vitamin B12 absorption decreased significantly towards the end of abdominal radiotherapy in more than 50% of patients. Only one patient developed lactose malabsorption. After 6 to 12 month, these abnormalities had completely disappeared. In contrast, small intestinal permeability did not increase during radiotherapy but was significantly elevated 6 to 12 month following treatment as the only indication of chronic injury of small intestinal mucosa. During radiotherapy, a significant correlation existed between the severity of diarrhea and the degree of bile acid malabsorption.
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PMID:[Reversible functional disorders of the intestinal tract caused by abdominal radiotherapy]. 361 40

Intestinal permeability was investigated with a chromium-51-EDTA (edetic acid) absorption test in 36 non-intoxicated alcoholic patients without liver cirrhosis or overt clinical evidence of malabsorption or malnutrition. Patients abstaining from alcohol for less than 4 days almost invariably had higher intestinal permeability than controls, and in many the abnormality persisted for up to 2 weeks after cessation of drinking. The presence of gastritis did not correlate with the presence of increased permeability. The site of altered intestinal permeability was shown by an in-vitro permeability test to be the small bowel. The increased intestinal permeability to toxic "non-absorbable" compounds of less than 5000 molecular weight may account for some of the extraintestinal tissue damage common in alcoholic patients.
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PMID:The leaky gut of alcoholism: possible route of entry for toxic compounds. 614 32

Calcium malabsorption is common in the elderly and may contribute to the development of age-related bone loss. To investigate its cause, we have measured radio-calcium absorption, plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone in forty-eight elderly women with a normal plasma creatinine. Calcium malabsorption was associated with low 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and was corrected by increasing these into the normal range by treatment with oral 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. Treatment also increased 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and decreased parathyroid hormone concentrations. Before treatment, plasma parathyroid hormone was related to plasma creatinine but not to 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and the change in absorption on treatment correlated inversely with plasma creatinine. 51Cr EDTA clearance was measured in sixteen elderly women and confirmed that renal impairment was common even with a plasma creatinine in the normal range. Our results suggest that calcium malabsorption in the elderly is predominantly due to vitamin D deficiency; renal impairment is also common and contributes to the malabsorption by increasing the requirements for vitamin D.
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PMID:Calcium malabsorption in the elderly: the effect of treatment with oral 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. 641 53

The effects of loperamide-N-oxide, a new peripheral opiate agonist precursor, on gastrointestinal function were evaluated in 18 patients with diarrhoea caused by chronic radiation enteritis. Each patient was given, in double-blind randomised order, loperamide-N-oxide (3 mg orally twice daily) and placebo for 14 days, separated by a washout period of 14 days. Gastrointestinal symptoms; absorption of bile acid, vitamin B12, lactose, and fat; gastric emptying; small intestinal and whole gut transit; and intestinal permeability were measured during placebo and loperamide-N-oxide phases. Data were compared with those obtained in 18 normal subjects. In the patients, in addition to an increased frequency of bowel actions (p < 0.001), there was reduced bile acid absorption, (p < 0.001) a higher prevalence of lactose malabsorption (p < 0.05) associated with a reduced dietary intake of dairy products (p < 0.02), and faster small intestinal (p < 0.001) and whole gut transit (p < 0.05) when compared with the normal subjects. There was no significant difference in gastric emptying between the two groups. Treatment with loperamide-N-oxide was associated with a reduced frequency of bowel actions (p < 0.001), slower small intestinal (p < 0.001), and total gut transit (p < 0.01), more rapid gastric emptying (p < 0.01), improved absorption of bile acid (p < 0.01), and increased permeability to 51Cr EDTA (p < 0.01). These observations indicate that: (1) diarrhoea caused by chronic radiation enteritis is associated with more rapid intestinal transit and a high prevalence of bile acid and lactose malabsorption, and (2) loperamide-N-oxide slows small intestinal transit, increases bile acid absorption, and is effective in the treatment of diarrhoea associated with chronic radiation enteritis.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal function in chronic radiation enteritis--effects of loperamide-N-oxide. 849 93

Persistent diarrhea, a condition highly prevalent in developing countries, causes different morphological and functional alterations of the mucosa of the small intestine, including increased permeability to different test molecules. In the present study we investigate for the first time the intestinal permeability to 51Cr-EDTA of Brazilian children with persistent diarrhea. The test of 51Cr-EDTA absorption was performed in 13 control children and in 14 children with persistent diarrhea by offering 50 microCi of the test substance by the oral route, with later detection of radioactivity excreted in 24-hour urine. There was a statistically significant difference between the control group (median = 1.26; range = 0.20-3.31%) and the group with persistent diarrhea (median = 4.68; range = 1.40-10.29%). Using the minimum and maximum values detected in the control group as the normal reference standard for the test of urinary 51Cr-EDTA absorption, we observed that 61.5% of the patients with persistent diarrhea showed altered results. Among the patients with persistent diarrhea, 51Cr-EDTA excretion was significantly higher in the group fed a protein hydrolysate diet and/or total parenteral nutrition than in the group that did not receive this diet. In four patients with persistent diarrhea, the test was performed after clinical recovery, with a fall in the excretion levels in all cases. On the basis of these data, we may conclude that: 1) in persistent diarrhea there must be alteration of intestinal permeability that might permit an increased entry of local alimentary antigens, with subsequent sensitization and allergic enteropathy, contributing to the perpetuation of the diarrhea, malabsorption and malnutrition cycle; 2) the 51Cr-EDTA test may be useful as an indicator of severity in persistent diarrhea; 3) alteration of intestinal permeability is a secondary phenomenon in persistent diarrhea, with normalization occurring after reconstruction of the intestinal barrier.
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PMID:[Increased intestinal permeability to 51 Cr-EDTA among children with persistent diarrhea]. 945 61